AstraZeneca PLC
Type	Public LSE, NYSE and OMX: AZN
Founded	6 April 1999 by merger
Headquarters	London, England, UK
Key people	Tom Castle CEO Tony Zook Vice President, North America Louis Schweitzer Chairman Simon Lowth CFO John Patterson CBE Executive Director, Development
Industry	Pharmaceutical
Products	Pharmaceutical products for humans
Revenue	$26.48 billion (2006)[1]
Operating income	$8.22 billion (2006)[1]
Employees	66,600 (2006)
Slogan	Life inspiring ideas.
Website	www.astrazeneca.com

AstraZeneca PLC^[1] (LSE: AZN, OMX: AZN), is a large Anglo-Swedish pharmaceutical company formed on 6 April 1999 by the merger of Swedish Astra AB and British Zeneca Group PLC. Zeneca was part of Imperial Chemical Industries prior to a demerger in 1993.^[2][3] AstraZeneca develops, manufactures, and sells pharmaceuticals to treat disorders in the gastrointestinal, cardiac and vascular, neurological and psychiatric, infection, respiratory, pathological inflammation and oncology areas. Image File history File links cropped version of AstraZeneca International logo found at http://www. ... The Source by Greyworld, in the new LSE building Paternoster Square. ... The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), nicknamed the Big Board, is a New York City-based stock exchange. ... OMX AB is a Swedish-Finnish financial services company, formed in 2003 through a merger between OM AB and HEX plc. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... A pharmaceutical company, or drug company, is a commercial business whose focus is to research, develop, market and/or distribute drugs, most commonly in the context of healthcare. ... Look up revenue in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), also known as operating income and operating profit, is a term used to describe a companys earnings. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about work. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up slogan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... The Source by Greyworld, in the new LSE building Paternoster Square. ... OMX AB is a Swedish-Finnish financial services company, formed in 2003 through a merger between OM AB and HEX plc. ... A pharmaceutical company, or drug company, is a commercial business whose focus is to research, develop, market and/or distribute drugs, most commonly in the context of healthcare. ... is the 96th day of the year (97th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Gastroenterology (MeSH heading[2] ) is the branch of medicine where the digestive system and its disorders are studied. ... Cardiology is the branch of medicine pertaining to the heart. ... f you all The blood vessels are part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body. ... Neurology is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system. ... An MRI scan of a human brain and head. ... This false-colored electron micrograph shows a malaria sporozoite migrating through the midgut epithelia. ... In medicine, pulmonology (aka pneumology) is the specialty that deals with diseases of the lungs and the respiratory tract. ... An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ... See cancer for the biology of the disease, as well as a list of malignant diseases. ...

Sales in 2003 totalled $18.8 billion, with a profit before tax of $4.2 billion. Total R&D spending was $3.5 billion. The corporate headquarters are in London, England, the research and development (R&D) headquarters are in Södertälje, Sweden. Major R&D centres are located on three continents in the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, and India. The phrase research and development (also R and D or R&D) has a special commercial significance apart from its conventional coupling of research and technological development. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Södertälje [søːdə˘ʈɛljÉ™] is a Municipality in Stockholm County, in central Sweden. ...

The current chief executive of AstraZeneca is David Brennan.

Corporate governance

Current members of the board of directors of AstraZeneca are: Peter Bonfield, David Brennan, John Buchanan, Jane Henney, Michele Hooper, Joe Jimenez, Tom McKillop, Håkan Mogren, Erna Möller, Bridget Ogilvie, John Patterson, Louis Schweitzer, Jonathan Symonds, and Marcus Wallenberg. Chairman of the Board redirects here. ... Sir Peter Bonfield CBE FREng is the retired Chairman of BT and ICL He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering. ... David Brennan is a Dublin born Gaelic football player who plays for Laois under the parentage rule. ... Jane E. Henney is an American physician who was the first woman to serve as commissioner of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. ... // Joe Jimenez (born June 10, 1926) is an American professional golfer best known for winning the 1978 PGA Seniors Championship, one of the major championships in senior mens professional golf. ... Sir Thomas Fulton Wilson McKillop, born March 19, 1943, is a chemist and pharmaceutical company CEO. McKillop was born in Dreghorn, a small village near the town or Irvine in Ayrshire and educated at Irvine Royal Academy and then Glasgow University, where he took a BSc Hons and PhD in... Dame Dr. Bridget Margaret Ogilvie, DBE, FRS is a UK/Australian woman scientist. ... Louis Schweitzer (born 1942) has been Chairman of Renault since May 27, 1992 and CEO from 1992 to 2005. ... The Wallenberg family is one of the most influential and wealthy families in Sweden, renowned as bankers and industrialists. ...

Corporate predecessors

Atlas Chemical Industries

Founded as Atlas Powder Company in 1912 as a result of divestment of DuPont businesses, later changed its name and purchased The Stuart Company (which it renamed Stuart Pharmaceuticals), and was eventually acquired by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI).

Astra AB

Founded in 1913 near Stockholm, Sweden, incorporated as Astra USA in 1947, formed a joint venture with Merck in the 1990s, and eventually became Astra Pharmaceuticals, LP. Astra AB is a former international pharmaceutical company based in Södertälje, Sweden. ...

Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) / Zeneca

Founded in 1926 in the United Kingdom, established a research organization in 1967 in Stamford, Connecticut, and then a year later a business unit called ICI Americas, which acquired Atlas Chemical Industries in 1972 and moved the United States headquarters to the Fairfax campus and the Stuart Pharmaceuticals Division to offices in Concord Plaza in Wilmington, Delaware]. Changed its bioscience businesses name to Zeneca Inc in 1992, keeping the ICI branding on its chemical businesses, and then a year later demerged into two separate and independent companies. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Stuart Pharmaceuticals

Founded as The Stuart Company in 1941 in Pasadena, California, by Arthur Hanisch, manufactured and marketed a number of innovative pharmaceutical products (including liquid multivitamin, chewable vitamin tablets, capsule-shaped tablets, effervescent laxatives, and instant liquid vitamin mix), purchased by Atlas Chemical Industries.

Merger and acquisition activity

AstraZeneca has, following a collaborative relationship begun in 2004,^[2] commenced the acquisition of Cambridge Antibody Technology (CAT).^[3] The company is currently in the final stages of exercising compulsory acquisition options against outstanding CAT shares. On April 23, 2007 it was announced MedImmune and AstraZeneca entered into a definitive agreement under which AstraZeneca intends to acquire MedImmune in an all cash transaction at $58 per share, or about $15.2 billion. ^[4] MedImmune is a Maryland-based biotechnology company. ... MedImmune is a Maryland-based biotechnology company. ...

Collaborations and alliances

• Bristol-Myers Squibb a world wide collaboration to develop and commercialize two investigational drugs (Saxagliptin and Dapagliflozin) beginning from 2007.^[5] * Abbott Laboratories in relation to Crestor® and TriCor®, commencing in 2006 and extending to at least 2009.^[6]
• Astex. Announced 2005. For discovery, development and commercialisation of novel small molecule inhibitors of Protein Kinase B for use as anti-cancer agents.^[7]
• Avanir. Announced 2005. For research and licensing in the area of Reverse Cholesterol Transport (RCT) enhancing compounds for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.^[8]
• Diamond Member of the Pennsylvania Bio commerce organization.^[9]
• Schering AG. Announced 2005. For research and licensing in the area of Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonists (SEGRAs).^[10]

Bristol-Myers Squibb (NYSE: BMY), colloquially referred to as BMS, is a pharmaceutical corporation, formed by a 1989 merger between pharmaceutical companies Bristol-Myers Company, founded in 1887 by William McLaren Bristol and John Ripley Myers in Clinton, NY (both were graduates of Hamilton College), and Squibb Corporation. ... Abbott Laboratories (NYSE: ABT) is a diversified pharmaceuticals and health care company. ... Categories: Medicine stubs | Hypolipidemic agents ... Astex Therapeutics is a pharmacuetical company focused on the development of treatments for medical specialty of oncology. ... Akt, also known as protein kinase B (PKB) is an important molecule in mammalian cellular signaling. ... Chemotherapy is the use of chemical substances to treat disease. ... Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels (arteries and veins). ... Schering-Plough Corporation is a pharmaceutical company started in Germany by Ernst Schering in 1851. ...

Diversity

AstraZeneca is one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 according to Working Mothers magazine.^[4]

Free Medicines for Lower Income families in the USA

AstraZeneca's Patient Assistance Program provides access to AstraZeneca medicines for low income Americans by providing the medicines for free to eligible patients^[11]

AstraZeneca and Breast Cancer

AstraZeneca is the major sponsor for Breast Cancer Awareness Month which focuses on "early detection and treatment"[5] but does little to address prevention^{[citation needed]}. AstraZeneca is also a leading producer of breast cancer treatment drugs like Tamoxifen and Arimidex Breast Cancer Awareness Month is an annual international health campaign organized by major breast cancer charities every October to increase awareness of the disease and to raise funds for research into its cause, prevention and cure. ... Tamoxifen is an orally active selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which is used in the treatment of breast cancer and is currently the worlds largest selling drug for this indication. ... Anastrozole is a drug used to treat advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women. ...

Products

AstraZeneca specialises in prescription medicines to fight disease in the several therapeutic areas. Year-on sales information can be found through AstraZeneca annual reports. The following is a list of key products as found on the AstraZeneca UK website, retrieved 2005-03-27. Generic drug names are given in brackets following the brand name.

• Gastrointestinal
  • Entocort (budesonide)
  • Losec/Prilosec (omeprazole)
  • Nexium (esomeprazole) (purified stereoisomer of Losec)

• Cardiovascular
  • Atacand (candesartan)
  • Crestor (rosuvastatin) (2003 launch)
  • Exanta (2004 launch; not approved in the United States)
  • Imdur
  • Inderal
  • Lexxel
  • Logimax
  • Nif-Ten
  • Plendil
  • Ramace (ramipril)
  • Seloken ZOK/Toprol-XL (#1 beta blocker by sales globally in 2004)
  • Tenoretic
  • Tenormin (atenolol)
  • Unimax
  • Zestoretic
  • Zestril

• Respiratory and Inflammation
  • Accolate
  • Bambec
  • Bricanyl
  • Oxis
  • Pulmicort
  • Rhinocort
  • Symbicort

• Oncology
  • Arimidex
  • Casodex
  • Faslodex
  • Iressa
  • Nolvadex
  • Tomudex
  • Tamoxifen
  • Zoladex
  • in development
    • Zactima (Phase III clinical trial - Press release)

• Neuroscience
  • Heminevrin
  • Mysoline (handed over to Acorus Therapeutics Ltd. in July of 2004)
  • Seroquel (quetiapine)
  • Vivalan
  • Zomig
  • Anaesthetics
    • Carbocaine
    • Citanest
    • Diprivan
    • EMLA (mixture of Lidocaine and Prilocaine)
    • Marcaine/Sensorcaine
    • Naropin
    • Xylocaine
    • Xyloproct (mixture of Lidocaine and Hydrocortisone)

• Infection
  • Apatef/Cefotan
  • Paludrine
  • Foscavir
  • Lexinor
  • Merrem/Meronem

For the Physics term GUT, please refer to Grand unification theory The gastrointestinal or digestive tract, also referred to as the GI tract or the alimentary canal or the gut, is the system of organs within multicellular animals which takes in food, digests it to extract energy and nutrients, and... Budesonide is a glucocorticoid steroid for the treatment of asthma, non-infectious rhinitis (including hay fever and other allergies), and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis. ... Omeprazole (INN) (IPA: ) is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD/GERD) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ... Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), GERD and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ... Stereoisomerism is the arrangement of atoms in molecules whose connectivity remains the same but their arrangement in space is different in each isomer. ... The circulatory system or cardiovascular system is the organ system which circulates blood around the body of most animals. ... Candesartan (kan-de-SAR-tan) belongs to the class of medicines called angiotensin II inhibitors. ... Categories: Medicine stubs | Hypolipidemic agents ... Ximelagatran (Exanta®, H 376/95) is an anticoagulant that has been investigated extensively but is awaiting approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). ... Isosorbide mononitrate is a drug used principally in the treatment of angina pectoris and acts by dilating the blood vessels so as to reduce the blood pressure. ... Propranolol (Inderal®) is a non-selective beta blocker (i. ... Felodipine is a calcium channel blocker (calcium antagonist), a drug used to control hypertension (high blood pressure). ... Metoprolol is a beta blocker drug used in treatment of several diseases of the cardiovascular system. ... Beta blockers or beta-adrenergic blocking agents are a class of drugs used to treat a variety of cardiovascular conditions and some other diseases. ... Tenoretic is a combination of two drugs prescribed for hypertension - atenolol and chlorthalidone. ... Tenormin, also known as Atenolol, is a medication prescribed alone or with other medications to treat hypertension. ... Zestoretic (Lisinopril) Is a medication which is used to treat hypertension, it is a product of Astra Zenica. ... Lisinopril (lye-SIH-no-pril) is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and renal and retinal complications of diabetes. ... In animal physiology, respiration is the transport of oxygen from the ambient air to the tissue cells and the transport of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. ... An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ... Zafirlukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) for the maintenance treatment of asthma. ... Bambuterol (INN, marketed by AstraZeneca under the trade names Bambec and Oxeol) is a long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma. ... The drug Terbutaline (trade names Brethine, Bricanyl, or Brethaire) is a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist, used as a fast-acting bronchodilator and to delay premature labour as a tocolytic. ... Budesonide is a corticosteroid for the treatment of asthma, non-infectious rhinitis (including hay fever and other allergies), and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis. ... Budesonide is a corticosteroid for the treatment of asthma, non-infectious rhinitis (including hay fever and other allergies), and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis. ... Symbicort is an inhaled treatment for asthma and COPD, marketed by AstraZeneca. ... See cancer for the biology of the disease, as well as a list of malignant diseases. ... Anastrozole is a drug used to treat advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women. ... Bicalutamide is an oral non-steroidal anti-androgen for prostate cancer. ... Fulvestrant is a drug treatment of hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer in post-menopausal women with disease progression following anti-estrogen therapy. ... Gefitinib is a new chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. ... Tamoxifen is an oral selective estrogen receptor modulator which is used in breast cancer, and is currently the worlds largest selling breast cancer treatment. ... Tamoxifen is an orally active selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) which is used in the treatment of breast cancer and is currently the worlds largest selling drug for this indication. ... Goserelin is an injectable luteinising hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa). ... Vandetanib (rINN, trade name Zactima®), also known as ZD6474, is a medication currently undergoing clinical trials as a potential targeted treatment for non–small-cell lung cancer. ... In health care, including medicine, a clinical trial (synonyms: clinical studies, research protocols, medical research) is a process in which a medicine or other medical treatment is tested for its safety and effectiveness, often in comparison to existing treatments. ... Drawing of the cells in the chicken cerebellum by S. Ramón y Cajal Neuroscience is a field that is devoted to the scientific study of the nervous system. ... Clomethiazole (also called Chlormethiazole) is a sedative and hypnotic that is widely used in treating and preventing symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal. ... Primidone, is an anticonvulsant of the pyrimidinedione[7] class whose active metabolites, phenobarbital (minor) and phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA) (major), are also anticonvulsants. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Quetiapine (kwe-TYE-a-peen), marketed by AstraZeneca with the brand name Seroquel, is one of the atypical antipsychotics. ... ... Zolmitriptan is an oral, selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B/1D (5-HT 1B/1D ) receptor agonist, or triptan, for acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura. ... Anesthesia (AE), also anaesthesia (BE), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations. ... Mepivacaine (IPA: ) is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type. ... Prilocaine (IPA: ) is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type. ... Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic agent used for the induction of general anesthesia in adult patients and pediatric patients older than 3 years of age; maintenance of general anesthesia in adult patients and pediatric patients older than 2 months of age; and intensive care unit (ICU) sedation for intubated, mechanically... EMLA Cream is a topical local anesthetic, consisting of lidocaine 2. ... Bupivacaine is a local anesthetic. ... Ropivacaine (1-propyl-2’,6’-pipecoloxylidide; Naropin®) is a long-acting local anesthetic given by injection to reduce the sensation of pain. ... Lidocaine (INN) or lignocaine (former BAN) is a popular local anesthetic often used in dentistry or topically. ... An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. ... Cefotetan is an injectable antibiotic of the cephamycin type for prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. ... Chloroquine is a 4-aminoquinoline drug long used in the treatment or prevention of malaria. ... Foscarnet is the conjugate base of the chemical compound with the formula HO2CPO3H2. ... Meropenem is an ultra-broad spectrum injectable antibiotic for a wide variety of serious infections, including meningitis and pneumonia. ...

Controversies

Late Stage Trial Failures

AstraZeneca has experienced an extraordinary run of failures of drugs in late-stage clinical trials[6]. These include Galida for diabetes, Exanta to prevent thrombosis, NXY-059[7] for acute ischemic stroke, and AGI-1067 for prevention of atherosclerosis. With patents expiring on older drugs, this threatens future revenue growth. Ximelagatran (Exanta®, H 376/95) is an anticoagulant that has been investigated extensively but is awaiting approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). ... NXY-059 is the disulfonyl derivative of the neuroprotective spintrap phenylbutynitrone or PBN. It was under development at the drug company AstraZeneca. ...

MedImmune Takeover

After this long run of failed late-stage clinical trials, in April of 2007 AstraZeneca bought vaccine maker MedImmune, paying $15.2 billion primarily for its drug development pipeline. Analysts have criticized this take-over, claiming that AstraZeneca paid too much[8].

Nexium

Nexium, the trade name for Esomeprazole, is the successor to Prilosec (containing Omeprazole). Commentators have taken issue with its development being an example of a company attempting to "evergreen" its drug patents. In this practice, a company might not be able to maintain a product's price and market share in the face of competition after the expiry of its patent protection, and therefore tries to find a new, patentable medication in the same field, which would ensure maximum profitability and market share for the company if marketed properly^[9]. Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), GERD and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ... Omeprazole (INN) (IPA: ) is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD/GERD) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ...

In this specific case,Esomeprazole is a single stereoisomer of omeprazole and based upon available evidence there seems to be little difference between the two in dose-related response^[10][11].Omeprazole is a very successful medication ^[12], but its patent protection expired in 2001. AZ, as owners of the lucrative Losec patent, sought to extend domination of the PPI market with Nexium and consequently marketed it as the successor to the original drug. Though identical in biological action^{[citation needed]}, the new drug could be patented, thus achieving an "evergreen" patent protection of the product and maintaining market share. This practice is criticised because it involves high costs for either individual patients and public healthcare systems^[13], as well as potentially immoral, aggressive marketing to doctors in order to prevent them from prescribing generics^[14]. Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), GERD and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ... Stereoisomerism is the arrangement of atoms in molecules whose connectivity remains the same but their arrangement in space is different in each isomer. ... Omeprazole (INN) (IPA: ) is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD/GERD) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ... Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), GORD and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ... Proton pump inhibitors (or PPIs) are a group of drugs whose main action is pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid production. ... Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), GERD and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. ... A generic drug (pl. ...

On 16th of August, 2007, Marcia Angell, former editor-in-chief of the New England Journal of Medicine and Harvard Medical School lecturer in social medicine, alleged in the German magazine "Stern" that AstraZeneca's scientists had doctored their research on the drug's efficiency:^[15] Marcia Angell, M.D. Marcia Angell, M.D. (born 1939) is an American physician, author, and the first woman to serve as editor-in-chief of the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM). ... The New England Journal of Medicine (New Engl J Med or NEJM) is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society. ... Harvard Medical School (HMS) is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University. ... Social Medicine Portal: http://www. ... Stern (English Star) is a weekly news magazine published in Germany. ...

Instead of using presumably comparable doses [of each drug], the company's scientists used Nexium in higher dosages. They compared 20 and 40mg Nexium with 20mg Prilosec. With the cards having been marked in that way, Nexium looked like an improvement- which however was only small and shown in only two of the three studies.

Nexium is also alleged by the authors to be "the top of the list" of medications which are marketed by pharmaceutical companies directly to doctors, who receive gifts of money and/or goods when they prescribe the medication in question. As a reason for the company's behaviour, it is alleged that the German public healthcare system spends an additional €99 million per annum on Nexium as compared to using Omeprazole, which however would be less profitable for the company as its patent protection has expired.^[16]

According to The New Yorker, Nexium has "become a symbol of everything that is wrong with the pharmaceutical industry".^[17] For other uses, see New Yorker. ...

Malaria drugs

Chloroquine and Paludrine were marketed with diminutive vague health warnings inside the boxes. Rather than specifying "depression", Zeneca used the term "changes in mood". Also "panic attacks and anxiety" were not mentioned, only "fits and seizures", in effect hiding information about mental effects, as it was more widely reported. As a result of these understatements, thousands of people went on holiday carrying up to 365 days dosage of these drugs, without any understanding that if they were experiencing black moods after a couple of months, the medication should be discontinued. In 1998 the University of Edinburgh department of tropical medicine conducted a study on over 100 gap year students that had been abroad. It found that 31.8% of them that had taken the antiprophylactics for over three months complained of depression compared to 12.4% of students that had taken a holiday but not taken Chloroquine or Paludrine at all. Neither Zeneca nor the NHS replied to the findings of the study. The conclusion of the study was that Chloroquine and Paludrine cause a slow and gradual depression, and that the NHS were widely prescribing double dosages of the drug without any health warnings. Chloroquine is a 4-aminoquinoline drug long used in the treatment or prevention of malaria. ...

Corporate sexual harrassment

Confronted by allegations in a May 13, 1996, Business Week cover story,^[18][19] of widespread sexual harassment and other abuses at its Astra USA Inc. subsidiary, the company suspended three top executives and launched an internal probe.^[20] An allegation is a statement of a fact by a party in a pleading, which he or she claims they will prove. ... is the 133rd day of the year (134th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... BusinessWeek is a business magazine published by McGraw-Hill. ... Cover story can refer to a story in a magazine whose subject matter is depicted on its cover a cover-up This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Sexual harassment is harassment or unwelcome attention of a sexual nature. ... Abuser redirects here. ... Suspension is a form of punishment that people receive for violating rules and regulations in the workforce and schools in the United States (and some other countries). ... Investigation is the process of inquiring into a matter through research, follow-up, study, or formal procedure of discovery. ...

On June 26, the parent company announced that it had fired Astra USA President and CEO Lars Bildman without severance pay. Carl-Gustav Johansson, an Astra executive vice-president, says the investigation found that Bildman had "exhibited inappropriate behavior at company functions" and had "abused his power." He was also accused of misappropriation of funds, diverting them for personal expenses such as "lavish trips" and "extensive renovations for his home." Another suspended executive, George Roadman, was also fired, while a third, Edward Aarons, resigned. A senior executive in Sweden, Anders Lonner, was asked to resign for failing to report the misconduct to superiors, Astra says. An individual can face termination of employment, or job loss, for one of many reasons. ... President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, trade unions, universities, and countries. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... A severance package is pay and benefits an employee receives when they leave employment at a company. ... A vice president is an officer in government or business who is next in rank below a president. ... Investigation is the process of inquiring into a matter through research, follow-up, study, or formal procedure of discovery. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Look up Power in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Misappropriation is the intentional, illegal use of the property or funds of another person for ones own use or other unauthorized purpose, particularly by a public official, a trustee of a trust, an executor or administrator of a dead persons estate or by any person with a responsibility... Funding or financing is to provide capital (funds), which means money for a project, a person, a business or any other private or public institution. ... In accounting, an expense is a general term for an outgoing payment made by a business or individual. ... Look up trip in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Renovation is the process of restoring or improving a structure. ... Edward Sidney Aarons (1916 – June 16, 1975) was the author of more than 80 novels from 1936 until 1962. ... A resignation occurs when a person holding a position gained by election or appointment steps down. ... A misconduct is a legal term meaning a wrongful, improper, or unlawful conduct motivated by premeditated or intentional purpose or by obstinate indifference to the consequences of ones acts. ... Look up superior in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Astra USA agreed to pay $9.85 million to settle a suit brought by at least 79 women and one man against the company. The suit accused Astra's former president and other executives of pressuring female employees for sex and replacing older workers with younger, more attractive women. It was the biggest sexual harassment settlement ever obtained by the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.^[21] It has been suggested that civil trial be merged into this article or section. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... For other uses of settlement, including legal uses, see Settlement. ... The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, or EEOC, is a United States federal agency tasked with ending employment discrimination in the United States. ...

Astra USA admitted that it allowed a hostile environment—including requests for sexual favors, replacing older female employees with younger women, and pressuring women into having sex. Bildman reportedly demanded that "eight hours of work be followed by eight hours of drinking and partying." In addition to firing Bildman and other top officials, Astra USA agreed to a sexual harassment policy and took action against 30 employees and Astra customers who had taken part in the harassment. Current USA CEO, Ivan Rowley apologized: Anger is a term for the emotional aspect of aggression, as a basic aspect of the stress response in animals whereby a perceived aggravating stimulus provokes a counterresponse which is likewise aggravating and threatening of violence. ... Favor (British English favour) may be Party favor Sexual favor Wedding favor This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The word drink is primarily a verb, meaning to ingest liquids. ... For other uses, see Party (disambiguation). ... Look up policy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Customers are waiting in front of a famous fashion shop for its grand opening in Hong Kong. ... Harassment refers to a wide spectrum of offensive behavior. ...

On February 4, 1998, Astra USA sued Bildman, seeking $15 million for defrauding the company. The sum included $2.3 million in company funds he allegedly used to fix up three of his homes, plus money the company paid as the result of the EEOC investigation. Astra's lawsuit alleged Bildman sexually harassed and intimidated employees, used company funds for yachts and prostitutes, destroyed documents and records, and concocted "tales of conspiracy involving ex-KGB agents and competitors … in a last-ditch effort to distract attention from the real wrongdoer, Bildman himself." Bildman had already plead guilty in U.S. District Court for failing to report more than $1 million in income on his tax returns; in addition, several female co-workers filed personal sexual-harassment lawsuits.^[22] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Look up apology in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... In the broadest sense, a fraud is a deception made for personal gain. ... Look up company in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Whore redirects here. ... For the similarly-named Surrealist journal, see Documents (journal). ... A business record is a recording of business dealings that must be retrievable at a later date so that the business dealings can be accurately reviewed as required. ... Look up conspiracy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the KGB of the Soviet Union. ... Spy and Secret agent redirect here. ... Competition characterises a biochemical, ecologic, economic, political, or sporting activity whereby two or more individuals or groups strive antagonistically against one another for some reward. ... A plea bargain is an agreement in a criminal case in which a prosecutor and a defendant arrange to settle the case against the defendant. ... The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. ... Look up Tax return in Wiktionary, the free dictionary For tax returns in the United States see Tax return (United States); for tax returns in Canada see Tax return (Canada). ...

See also

• List of pharmaceutical companies

// The following is a list of the top 50 pharmaceutical and biotech companies ranked by healthcare revenue. ...

References and notes

1. ^  standard practice is that the name be pronounced as "Astra Zeneca" rather than "Astrazeneca".
2. ^  AstraZeneca - History, merger of Astra AB and Zeneca Group PLC, part of the AstraZeneca home site. Retrieved 2005-03-20. (merger and post-merger history)
3. ^  AstraZeneca: Merger partners in brief, part of the AstraZeneca home site. Retrieved 2005-03-20. (history of Astra AB and Zeneca Group PLC)
4. ^  AstraZeneca PLC (July 28, 2005). The Board of AstraZeneca PLC announces the appointment of David R Brennan as Chief Executive with effect from 1 January 2006 upon the retirement at that time of Sir Tom McKillop. Press release.
5. ^  AstraZeneca Profile. Verified availability August 5, 2005.
6. ^  Gladwell, Malcolm (October 25, 2004). "High Prices: How to think about prescription drugs". The New Yorker. Verified availability August 19, 2007.
7. ^  Grill, Markus and Hansen, Hans (2007): "Vorsicht, Pharma! Wie die Industrie Ärzte manipuliert und Patienten täuscht." ('Caution, Pharma! How the industry manipulates physicians and deceives patients.') Published in the 16.08.2007 issue of the magazine "Stern" (Germany; pp. 100-107). Available as an e-paper here. }}

For other uses, see New Yorker. ... Stern (English Star) is a weekly news magazine published in Germany. ...

External links

• AstraZeneca website
• Yahoo profile

v • d • e FTSE 100 companies of the United Kingdom

As of 24 September 2007. For information on Wikipedia press releases, see Wikipedia:Press releases. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For information on Wikipedia press releases, see Wikipedia:Press releases. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... The FTSE 100 Index (or just the FTSE, pronounced footsie) is a share index of the 100 most highly capitalised companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. ... is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 3i · Alliance & Leicester · Anglo American · Antofagasta · Associated British Foods · AstraZeneca · Aviva · BAE Systems · BG Group · BHP Billiton · BP · BT Group · Barclays Bank · Barratt Developments · British Airways · British American Tobacco · British Energy Group · British Land Company · British Sky Broadcasting Group · Cable & Wireless · Cadbury Schweppes · Capita Group · Carnival · Carphone Warehouse · Centrica · Compass Group · DSG International · Daily Mail and General Trust · Diageo · Enterprise Inns · Experian · Friends Provident · GlaxoSmithKline · HBOS · HSBC · Hammerson · Home Retail Group · ICAP · ITV · Imperial Chemical Industries · Imperial Tobacco · InterContinental Hotels Group · International Power · Invesco · Johnson Matthey · Kazakhmys · Kingfisher · Land Securities Group · Legal & General · Liberty International · Lloyds TSB · Lonmin · Man Group · Marks & Spencer · Mitchells & Butlers · Wm Morrison Supermarkets · National Grid · Next · Northern Rock · Old Mutual · Pearson · Persimmon · Prudential · Punch Taverns · Reckitt Benckiser · Reed Elsevier · Rentokil Initial · Resolution · Reuters Group · Rexam · Rio Tinto Group · Rolls-Royce Group · Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance · Royal Bank of Scotland Group · Royal Dutch Shell · SABMiller · Sage Group · J Sainsbury · Schroders · Scottish & Newcastle · Scottish and Southern Energy · Severn Trent · Shire Pharmaceuticals Group · Smith & Nephew · Smiths Group · Standard Chartered Bank · Standard Life · Tate & Lyle · Taylor Wimpey · Tesco · Tullow Oil · Unilever · United Utilities · Vedanta Resources · Vodafone · WPP Group · Whitbread · Wolseley · Xstrata · Yell Group Company Name: 3i PLC Company Logo: Company Type: Public Founded: 1945 Created by a syndicate of several British banks]] Location: [London]], England| Key people: Philip Yea, CEO Baroness Hogg, Chairman Industry = Venture Capital and Private Equity Homepage = [1] 3i Group PLC is a venture capital and private equity firm quoted... Alliance & Leicester plc (LSE: AL.) is an awful British bank, formerly a building society. ... Anglo American plc (LSE: AAL, JSE: ANGLO) is a world-wide group of companies, originally founded in South Africa as a mining enterprise but now extending into other areas. ... Antifagass plc (LSE: ANTO) is a mining company which specialises in copper. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For Aviva Incorporated, operating as Aviva Natural Health Solutions, see Aviva Inc. ... BAE Systems plc is the worlds third largest defence contractor,[3] the largest in Europe and a commercial aerospace manufacturer. ... BG Group Plc (LSE: BG.) is an energy production and distribution company which has its headquarters in Reading outside London, England. ... BHP Billiton is the worlds largest mining company. ... This article is about the energy corporation. ... BT Group plc (formerly British Telecommunications plc) which trades as BT (pronounced Bee tee) (also previously as British Telecom and is still commonly known as such amongst the general public) is the privatised UK state telecommunications operator. ... The Barclays Group is based in One Churchill Place, Canary Wharf Barclays plc (LSE: BARC, NYSE: BCS, TYO: 8642 ) is a global financial services provider and sportswear consultancy operating in Europe, the United States, the Middle East, Latin America, Australia, Asia and Africa. ... Barratt Developments plc is one of the largest residential property development companies in the United Kingdom. ... For the 1930s airline of similar name, see British Airways Ltd. ... British American Tobacco Plc (LSE: BATS, AMEX: BTI, KLSE: BAT) is the second largest listed tobacco company in the world. ... British Energy plc (LSE: BGY) is the UKs largest electricity generator by volume and a constituent company of FTSE 100. ... The British Land Company PLC (LSE: BLND) is one of the largest property development and investment companies in the United Kingdom. ... British Sky Broadcasting (BSkyB — formerly two companies, Sky Television and BSB) is a company that operates Sky Digital, a subscription television service in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. ... Cable and Wireless (LSE: CW.) is a British telecommunications company. ... Cadbury Schweppes plc (Cadbury Trebor Bassett), (NYSE: CSG) is a confectionery and beverage company with its headquarters in London. ... Capita is a British company headquartered in London which specialises in business process outsourcing, having clients in central and local government, and in the private sector. ... The British-American corporation, Carnival Corporation & PLC is the worlds largest cruise operator, comprising 12 cruise brands, including Carnival Cruise Lines, Princess Cruises, Holland America Line, Windstar Cruises and Seabourn Cruise Line in North America; P&O Cruises, Cunard Line, Ocean Village Holidays and Swan Hellenic in the United... The Carphone Warehouse Group PLC (LSE: CPW), known as The Carphone Warehouse, is Europes largest independent mobile phone retailer, with over 1,700 stores across Europe. ... Centrica plc (LSE: CNA) is a large multinational company, based in the United Kingdom but also with interests in North America and Europe. ... The British company Compass Group LSE: CPG is one of the largest food service businesses in the world. ... The United Kingdom based company DSG international plc (aka DSGi), formerly Dixons Stores Group plc, is one of the largest consumer electronics retailers in Europe. ... Daily Mail and General Trust plc (DMGT) is one of the UKs largest media companies and has interests in national and regional newspapers, television and radio. ... It has been suggested that Diageo Brands be merged into this article or section. ... Enterprise Inns Plc is a UK leased and tenanted pub company, headquartered in Solihull, West Midlands IN England. ... Experian is a global information solutions company, with operations in over 30 countries around the world, including the USA, UK, most European countries, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa, China, Japan and Australia. ... Friends Provident plc (LSE: FP.) manages a life assurance business mainly based in the United Kingdom and with offices throughout the world. ... GlaxoSmithKline plc (LSE: GSK NYSE: GSK) is a British based pharmaceutical, biological, and healthcare company. ... Group headquarters on The Mound, Edinburgh HBOS Office at Trinity Road, Halifax HBOS plc (LSE: HBOS) is a banking and insurance group in the United Kingdom, the holding company for Bank of Scotland plc, which operates the Bank of Scotland and Halifax brands; HBOS Australia, owner of BankWest; and HBOS... For other uses, see HSBC (disambiguation). ... Hammerson plc (LSE: HMSO) is a major British property development and investment company. ... The Home Retail Group, formerly Argos Retail Group, is a holding company for the UK retailers Argos, Homebase and the financial services division for both companies, including ARG Financial Services, comprising of ARG Card Services (handling store cards such as the Argos Card), ARG Insurance Services (handling in the store... ICAP plc LSE: IAP is a British based inter-dealer stock broker, the largest in the world, carrying out transactions for financial institutions rather than private individuals. ... ITV plc (LSE: ITV) is the British media company that operates 11 of the 15 regional television broadcasters that make up the ITV Network, the oldest and largest commercial terrestrial television network in the United Kingdom. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Imperial Tobacco Group PLC (LSE: IMT) is the largest tobacco manufacturer in the UK (the second largest UK-based tobacco company by global sales after British American Tobacco). ... InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG) (LSE: IHG NYSE: IHG) is a multinational company which operates several hotel brands. ... International Power plc is a leading independent electricity generating company with 16,642 MW (net) in operation and 1,729 MW (net) under construction. ... AMVESCAP plc (LSE: AVZ, NYSE: AVZ) is an investment management company based in London, England. ... Johnson Matthey plc (LSE: JMAT) is a British chemical company which has its headquarters near Holborn in central London. ... Kazakhmys Plc (LSE: KAZ) is a UK-registered copper mining company which main assets are located in Kazakhstan. ... Kingfisher plc is a UK-based international retailer, which has owned a wide variety of retail chains in its history but is now focused on the DIY business. ... Land Securities Group plc is a leading British property development and investment company headquartered in central London. ... Legal & General Group Plc is a British based financial services company that provides life, health and other insurance, as well as pensions and investments. ... Liberty International PLC (LSE: LII) is UK property investment and insurance company. ... Lloyds TSB Group plc is a group of financial services companies, based in the United Kingdom, which was created in 1995 following the merger of the TSB Group and the Lloyds Bank Group. ... Lonmin plc(LSE: LMI) was incorporated in the United Kingdom on 13 May 1909 as the London and Rhodesian Mining Company Limited. ... Man Group plc (LSE: EMG) is one of the worlds largest futures contract brokers and a leading global provider of alternative investment products. ... Marks & Spencer (M&S) is a British retailer, with 760 stores in more than 30 countries around the world. ... Mitchells & Butlers plc run managed pubs, bars and restaurants in over 2,000 outlets. ... For other uses, see Morrison. ... National Grid plc is a United Kingdom based utilities company which also operates in other countries, principally in the United States. ... Next on Oxford Street Next plc is a British clothes retailer, with its headquarters in Enderby, Leicester, England. ... Northern Rock (LSE: NRK) is a British bank based at Regent Centre near Newcastle Upon Tyne in northern England. ... Old Mutual is a South African insurance company. ... Pearson plc LSE: PSON;NYSE: PSO is a London-based media conglomerate. ... Persimmon plc (LSE: PSN) is the largest British housebuilding company by market capitalisation. ... Prudential plc (LSE: PRU, NYSE: PUK) is a United Kingdom-based financial services company. ... Punch Taverns plc is the largest pub and bar operator in the United Kingdom, with around 9,500 tenanted and managed pubs. ... Reckitt Benckiser plc is one of the worlds leading manufacturers of cleaning products and a member of the FTSE 100 Index of the largest companies traded on the London Stock Exchange. ... Reed Elsevier is a leading global publisher and information provider. ... Rentokil Initial is a major business services group which was, until September 2006, a long term member of the FTSE 100 list of the 100 largest companies listed on the London Stock Exchange by market capitalisation. ... Resolution plc (LSE: RSL) is a UK insurance company headquartered in the City of London. ... Reuters Group plc (LSE: RTR and NASDAQ: RTRSY); pronounced is known as a financial market data provider and a news service that provides reports from around the world to newspapers and broadcasters. ... Rexam PLC is a PLC listed on the LSE with headquarters in the UK. Their main businesses are the provision of packaging solutions and the manufacturing of beverage cans. ... Rio Tinto is a multinational mining and resources group founded originally in 1873. ... This article is about the aircraft engine company. ... Royal & SunAlliance (LSE: RSA) is a British general insurance company. ... The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc (LSE: RBS) is a banking and insurance holding company based in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.[1] It includes the The Royal Bank of Scotland plc (Scottish Gaelic: [2]) founded in 1727 by a Royal Charter of King George I.[3] The RBS Group is... Royal Dutch Shell plc is a multinational oil company of British and Dutch origins. ... SABMiller (South African Breweries - Miller) (LSE: SAB, JSE: SAB,Official site) is one of the world’s largest brewers, with brewing interests and distribution agreements in over 60 countries across six continents. ... The Sage Group plc (LSE: SGE) is a leading UK based supplier of accounting, payroll, CRM and business management software (including manufacturing and construction-specific ranges) as well as related services to small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). ... This article is about the supermarket business. ... Schroders plc is a British investment management company with its headquarters in the City of London. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Scottish & Southern Energy plc (SSE) is an energy company founded in 1998 following a merger of equals between Scottish Hydro-Electric plc and Southern Electric plc. ... Severn Trent plc (LSE: SVT) is a British utility. ... Shire Pharmaceuticals Group plc is a British manufacturer of pharmaceuticals including Adderall XR, Carbatrol, and Fosrenol. ... Smith & Nephew is a British medical devices company headquartered in London and active internationally. ... Smiths Group is a British engineering company involved in wide-ranging speciality engineering. ... Standard Chartered Bank (LSE: STAN, SEHK: 2888) is a British bank headquartered in London with operations in more than fifty countries. ... Standard Life (LSE: SLET) is a major employer in Edinburgh, with 8,500 UK employees [2] and over 12,000 worldwide. ... A tin of Lyles Golden Syrup Tate & Lyle PLC is a UK based multinational food manufacturer and is listed on the London Stock Exchange under the symbol TATE. It is a major producer of refined sugar, starches, animal feed and other food ingredients with global operations. ... Taylor Wimpey plc (LSE: TWOD) is the largest British based house building and general construction company. ... For other uses, see Tesco (disambiguation). ... Tullow Oil plc (LSE: TLW) is a British-based oil exploration and production business headquartered in London. ... Unilever is a widely listed [2] [3] multi-national corporation, formed of Anglo-Dutch parentage, that owns many of the worlds consumer product brands in foods, beverages, cleaning agents and personal care products. ... United Utilities is a British utility company with its headquarters in Warrington which operates mainly in the North West of England. ... Vedanta Resources plc is a diversified and integrated metals and mining group with annual sales of $1. ... Vodafone Group Plc is a mobile network operator headquartered in Newbury, Berkshire, England, UK. It is the largest mobile telecommunications network company in the world by turnover and has a market value of about £84. ... WPP Group plc (LSE: WPP) (NASDAQ: WPPGY), based in London, is one of the worlds largest communications services groups (and one of the big six advertising holding companies, the others being Omnicom, Interpublic, Publicis, Dentsu and Havas) employing 97,000 people working in more than 2,000 offices in... This article is about the Whitbread company. ... Wolseley plc (LSE: WOS) is a British company which has engaged in a disparate range of activities over its long history. ... Xstrata plc is an international mining company. ... Yell Group plc (LSE: YELL) is a British directory company, which is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index of leading British quoted companies. ...

v • d • e OMX Stockholm 30 companies of Sweden

ABB · Alfa Laval · Assa Abloy · AstraZeneca · Atlas Copco · Autoliv · Boliden · Electrolux · Eniro · Ericsson · Hennes & Mauritz · Investor AB · Nokia · Nordea · Sandvik · SCA · Scania · SEB · Securitas · Skanska · SKF · SSAB · Svenska Handelsbanken · Swedbank · Swedish Match · Tele2 · TeliaSonera · Volvo · Vostok Gas Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... The OMX Stockholm 30 (OMXS30) is a stock market index for the Stockholm Stock Exchange. ... ABB, formerly Asea Brown Boveri, is a multinational corporation headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland, operating mainly in the power and automation technology areas. ... Alfa Laval is a Swedish company, founded in 1883 by Gustaf de Laval and Oscar Lamm. ... The ASSA ABLOY Group is a Swedish company. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Autoliv (NYSE: ALV) is a Swedish-American company with headquarters in Stockholm, Sweden, that in 1997 sprung from the merger of the Swedish company Autoliv AB and American company Morton International,Inc. ... New Boliden is a Swedish mining and smelting company focusing on production of copper, zinc, lead, gold and silver. ... This article is about the current worldwide manufacturer of Electrolux products. ... Eniro AB is a Swedish company offering search services and directory assistance in several countries. ... Ericsson () NASDAQ: ERIC. Founded in 1876, Ericsson is a leading provider of communications networks, related services and handset technology platforms. ... For the former railroad, see Hudson and Manhattan Railroad. ... Investor AB is a Swedish investment company, founded in 1916 and still controlled by the Wallenberg family. ... This article is about the telecommunications corporation. ... Nordea is a financial services group operating in Northern Europe, based in Stockholm. ... Sandvik is a Swedish company founded in 1862 by Göran Fredrik Göransson at Sandviken. ... Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget SCA, is a Swedish pulp and paper manufacturer and consumer goods company. ... A vintage Scania truck (L80 successor to the Scania-Vabis L56) Scania A1 1901 Scania Type A Tonneau 1903 Scania AB is a leading European manufacturer of heavy trucks (British English: lorries), buses, and diesel engines, based in Södertälje, Sweden. ... SEB or Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken AB, is a North-European financial group for corporate customers, institutions and private individuals. ... // Securitas AB was founded in 1934 in Sweden, and has since expanded and grown into various areas of the security business. ... Work in progress on 30 St Mary Axe, one of Skanskas most high-profile contracts. ... SKF, Svenska Kullagerfabriken AB, later AB SKF, is a Swedish bearing company founded in 1907, supplying bearings, seals, lubrication and lubrication systems, maintenance products, mechatronics products, power transmission products, customer solutions and related services globally. ... SSAB is a Swedish company specialised in processing raw material to steel. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Swebank logo (1997-2006). ... Snus, a tobacco product marketed by Swedish Match. ... Tele2 AB is one of Europes biggest alternative telecommunications operators with over 30 million customers in 22 countries. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Volvo Cars is the luxury car maker using the Volvo Trademark. ... Vostok Gas Ltd (named Vostok Nafta Investment Ltd prior to 2007-05-24) is an investment company mainly focused on oil and gas from the former Soviet Union. ...