NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Atazanavir

Atazanavir, trade name Reyataz®, (formerly known as BMS-232632) is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class. Like other antiretrovirals, it is used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body 1. ... Antiretroviral drugs are medications for the treatment of infection by retroviruses, primarily HIV. Different classes of antiretroviral drugs act at different stages of the HIV life cycle. ... Protease inhibitors are a class of medication used to treat or prevent viral infections. ... Species Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Human immunodeficiency virus 2 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS, a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections). ...

Atazanavir is distinguished from other PIs in that it can be given once-daily (rather than requiring multiple doses per day) and has lesser effects on the patient's lipid profile (the amounts of cholesterol and other fatty substances in the blood). Like other protease inhibitors, it is used only in combination with other HIV medications. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1267x1044, 257 KB) Summary Atazanavir Reyataz Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Atazanavir AIDS Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1267x1044, 257 KB) Summary Atazanavir Reyataz Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Atazanavir AIDS Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera... Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. ...

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved atazanavir on June 20, 2003. Atazanavir is the first PI approved for once-daily dosing, and also appears to be less likely to cause lipodystrophy and elevated cholesterol as side effects. It may also not be cross-resistant with other PIs. When boosted with ritonavir it is of equivalent potency to lopinavir for use in salvage therapy in patients with a degree of drug resistance; although boosting with ritonavir eliminates the metabolic advantages of atazanavir. FDA logo The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is responsible for regulating food, dietary supplements, drugs, biological medical products, blood products, medical devices, radiation-emitting devices, veterinary products, and cosmetics in the United States. ... June 20 is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 194 days remaining. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In medicine, lipodystrophy is a condition characterized by abnormal or degernative conditions of the bodys fat tissue. ... Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. ... Ritonavir is a drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat AIDS. It is manufactured as Norvir® by Abbott Laboratories. ... Lopinavir (ABT-378) is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. ...

On October 20, 2006, the FDA approved a new formulation of atazanavir (300 mg capsules) to be taken as part of combination drug therapy.^[1] This formulation should reduce pill burden, as one 300 mg capsule may replace two 150 mg capsules. Pill burden is a term that refers to the number of tablets, capsules or other medication forms that a patient takes on a regular schedule. ...

Adverse effects

Bilirubin levels in the blood are normally asymptomatically raised with atazanavir. A single case of torsades de pointes attributable to atazanavir therapy has been described.^[2] Bilirubin is a yellow breakdown product of normal heme catabolism. ... Torsades de pointes or torsades is a French term that literally means twisting of the points. It refers to a specific variety of ventricular tachycardia and its name is derived from a maneuver in ballet. ...

References

Categories: Antiretroviral drugs | Pyridines | Pharmacology stubs | Molecular and cellular biology stubs Reuters Group plc (LSE: RTR and NASDAQ: RTRSY); pron. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... Genera Subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae Simplexvirus Varicellovirus Mardivirus Iltovirus Subfamily Betaherpesvirinae Cytomegalovirus Muromegalovirus Roseolovirus Subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae Lymphocryptovirus Rhadinovirus Unassigned Ictalurivirus The Herpesviridae are a family of DNA viruses that cause diseases in humans and animals. ... Aciclovir (INN) (IPA: ) or acyclovir (USAN, former BAN) is a guanine analogue antiviral drug primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infection. ... Cidofovir is an injectable antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with AIDS. It suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis. ... Docosanol 10% cream is a topical treatment for recurrent herpes simplex labialis episodes (episodes of cold sores or fever blisters). ... Famciclovir is an antiviral medicine that stops the varicella zoster virus that causes shingles. ... Fomivirsen (brand name Vitravene) is an antiviral drug. ... Foscarnet sodium (FoscavirÂ®, AstraZeneca) is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes viruses, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2). ... Ganciclovir sodium (CytoveneÂ®) is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. ... Idoxuridine is an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug. ... Penciclovir (INN) (IPA: ) is a guanine analogue antiviral drug used for the treatment of various herpesvirus infections. ... Trifluridine is an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug, used primarily on the eye. ... Tromantadine Tromantadine is an antiviral medicine used to treat herpes simplex virus. ... Valaciclovir (INN) or valacyclovir (USAN) is an antiviral drug used in the management of herpes simplex and herpes zoster (shingles). ... Valganciclovir hydrochloride (ValcyteÂ®) is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus infections. ... Chemical structure of vidarabine Vidarabine is an anti-viral drug which is active against herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses. ... Influenza, commonly known as flu, is an infectious disease of birds and mammals caused by an RNA virus of the family Orthomyxoviridae (the influenza viruses). ... Amantadine, 1-aminoadamantane, is an antiviral drug that was approved by the FDA in 1976 for the treatment of influenza type A in adults. ... Arbidol (Russian Cyrillic ÐÑ€Ð±Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð») is an antiviral drug manufactured by Masterlek in Moscow, Russia. ... Oseltamivir (INN) (IPA: ) is an antiviral drug that is used in the treatment and prophylaxis of both Influenzavirus A and Influenzavirus B. Like zanamivir, oseltamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor. ... Peramivir is a pharmaceutical drug used to viral infections. ... Rimantadine (systematic name 1-(1-aminoethyl)adamantane) is an orally administered medicine used to treat, and in rare cases prevent, Influenzavirus A infection. ... Zanamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor used in the treatment of and prophylaxis of both influenza A and influenza B. Zanamivir was the first neuraminidase inhibitor commercially developed. ... Antiretroviral drugs are medications for the treatment of infection by retroviruses, primarily HIV. Different classes of antiretroviral drugs act at different stages of the HIV life cycle. ... Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drug used to treat HIV infection. ... Abacavir (ABC) is extremely potent reverse transcriptase inhibitor, meant for the treatment of AIDS. ABC is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. ... Didanosine (2-3-dideoxyinosine, ddI) is sold under the trade names VidexÂ® and Videx ECÂ®. It is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor, effective against HIV and usually used in combination with other antiviral drug therapy as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). ... Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) for the treatment of HIV infection in adults. ... Lamivudine (2,3-dideoxy-3-thiacytidine, 3TC) is a potent reverse transcriptase inhibitor of the class nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NARTI). ... Stavudine (2-3-didehydro-2-3-dideoxythymidine, d4T, brand name ZeritÂ®) is a thymidine analogue active against HIV. It is phosphorylated by cellular kinases into active triphosphate. ... Zalcitabine (2-3-dideoxycytidine, ddC), is a derivative of the naturally existing deoxycytidine, made by replacing the hydroxyl group in position 3 with a hydrogen. ... Zidovudine (INN) or azidothymidine (AZT) (also called ZDV) is an antiretroviral drug, the first one approved for treatment of HIV. It is also sold under the names RetrovirÂ® and RetrovisÂ®, and as an ingredient in CombivirÂ® and TrizivirÂ®. It is an analog of thymidine. ... Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drug used to treat HIV infection. ... Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate belongs to a class of antiretroviral drugs known as nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NtRTIs), which block reverse transcriptase, an enzyme crucial to viral production in HIV-infected people. ... Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drug used to treat HIV infection. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drug used to treat HIV infection. ... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... Loveride was an antiviral drug manufactured by Janssen (now part of Janssen-Cilag) that is active against HIV. Loveride was a NNRTI that entered phase III clinical trials in the late 1990s but failed to gain marketing approval because of poor potency. ... Protease inhibitors are a class of medication used to treat or prevent viral infections. ... Amprenavir (AgeneraseÂ®) is a protease inhibitor used to treat HIV. It was approved by the FDA on April 15, 1999, for twice-a-day dosing instead of needing to be taken every eight hours. ... Darunavir, sold as PrezistaÂ®, is a protease inhibitor used to treat HIV. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on June 23, 2006. ... Fosamprenavir calcium (LexivaÂ®) is a pro-drug of the protease inhibitor and antiretroviral drug amprenavir. ... Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Lopinavir (ABT-378) is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. ... Nelfinavir (ViraceptÂ®) is an antiretroviral drug used in the treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ... Ritonavir is a drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat AIDS. It is manufactured as Norvir® by Abbott Laboratories. ... Saquinavir (FortovaseÂ®, Roche) is a protease inhibitor, used as a component of HIV therapy. ... Tipranavir is a new protease inhibitor (PI) that was approved by the FDA in June 2005. ... A fusion inhibitor is a class of drugs used to treat HIV. External Links Fusion Inhibitor Resource Center Categories: Medical treatment stubs ... Enfuvirtide is a novel antiretroviral drug used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. ... Adefovir dipivoxil, previously called bis-POM PMEA, is an orally-administered nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI), which works by blocking DNA polymerase, an enzyme that is crucial for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to reproduce in the body. ... Fomivirsen (brand name Vitravene) is an antiviral drug. ... Imiquimod (INN, marketed by 3M under the trade name Aldaraâ„¢) is a prescription medication used to treat certain diseases of the skin, including skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma, Bowens disease, superficial squamous cell carcinoma, some superfical malignant melanomas and actinic keratosis) as well as genital warts. ... Inosine is a molecule (known as a nucleoside) that is formed when hypoxanthine is attached to a ribose ring (also known as a ribofuranose) via a Î²-N9-glycosidic bond. ... Interferons (IFNs) are natural proteins produced by the cells of the immune system of most vertebrates in response to challenges by foreign agents such as viruses, bacteria, parasites and tumor cells. ... Pleconaril is an antiviral drug being developed by Schering-Plough for prevention of asthma exacerbations and common cold symptoms in asthmatic subjects exposed to picornavirus respiratory infections. ... Podophyllin is a drug obtained from the rhizome of the American Mayapple (â€˜â€™Podophyllum peltatumâ€™â€™), an herbaceous perennial belonging to the natural order Berberidaceae, indigenous in woods in Canada and the United States. ... Ribavirin (CopegusÂ®; RebetolÂ®; RibasphereÂ®; VilonaÂ®,VirazoleÂ®, also generics from Sandoz, Teva, Warrick) is an anti-viral drug which is active against a number of DNA and RNA viruses. ... Viramidine (ICN 3142) is an anti-viral drug in Phase III human trials, but not yet approved for pharmaceutical use. ...

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References

Adverse effects