Lorazepam is classified as a sedative-hypnotic and a member of the group of drugs known as benzodiazepines. It is available in tablets and as a solution for intramuscular and intravenous injections.
The main indication for its use are some forms of anxiety disorders, so it is also commonly known as an anxiolytic. Other uses are:
treatment of symptoms associated with alcohol withdrawal
seizure disorders, such as status epilepticus
A dose equivalent to 5 mg of diazepam is 500 micrograms (0.5 mg) of lorazepam. [1] (http://bnf.vhn.net/bnf/documents/bnf.767.html)
Dosage
Needs to be individualized especially in the elderly and debilitated patients in whom the risk of oversedation is greater. Safety and effectiveness of lorazepam is not well determined in children under 18 years of age, but it is used to treat serial seizures.
Disadvantages
Lorazepam, like other benzodiazepines, can cause dependence and withdrawal symptoms after cessation of a prolonged use. The withdrawal is even more likely because lorazepam is a short-acting benzodiazepine. Therefore, lorazepam is not suited for long term treatment. Stresses of everyday life are not proper indications for its use, as they are best treated with psychotherapy.
In some cases there can be paradoxical effects with benzodiazepines, such as increased hostility and aggression.
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