base • apex • grooves (coronary/atrioventricular, interatrial, anterior interventricula, posterior interventricular) • surfaces (sternocostal, diaphragmatic) • borders (right, left) The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind in the Borough of Brooklyn in New York City. ... Human anatomy or anthropotomy is a special field within anatomy. ... The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ... Diagram of the human circulatory system. ... The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ... In anatomy, the atrium (plural: atria) refers to a chamber or space. ... The interatrial septum is the wall of tissue that separates the right and left atria of the heart. ... In the right atrium, behind the crest the internal surface of the atrium is smooth, while in front of it the muscular fibers of the wall are raised into parallel ridges resembling the teeth of a comb, and hence named the musculi pectinati (pectinate muscles). ... In the heart, a ventricle is a heart chamber which collects blood from an atrium (another heart chamber that is smaller than ventricle) and pumps it out of the heart. ... Grays Fig. ... The trabeculae carneae (columnae carneae) are rounded or irregular muscular columns which project from the whole of the inner surface of the ventricle, with the exception of the conus arteriosus. ... Structure of the Chordae Tendineae Valves like the Tricuspid valve and the Semilunar valves in the heart are attached to the walls of the heart by cord-like tendons called chordae tendineae. ... In anatomy, the papillary muscles of the heart serve to limit the movements of the mitral and tricuspid valves and prevent them from being everted. ... Grays Fig. ... The base of the heart, directed upward, backward, and to the right, is separated from the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thoracic vertebræ by the esophagus, aorta, and thoracic duct. ... Apex of the Heart: it is the most outer superficial part of the heart which is situated on the left 5th intercostal space. ... The atria of the heart are separated from the ventricles by the coronary sulcus (coronary groove, auriculoventricular groove, atrioventricular groove); this contains the trunks of the nutrient vessels of the heart, and is deficient in front, where it is crossed by the root of the pulmonary artery. ... The interatrial groove, separating the two atria, is scarcely marked on the posterior surface, while anteriorly it is hidden by the pulmonary artery and aorta. ... The ventricles of the heart are separated by two grooves, one of which, the anterior longitudinal sulcus (or anterior interventricular sulcus), is situated on the sternocostal surface of the heart, close to its left margin. ... The ventricles are separated by two grooves, one of which, the anterior longitudinal sulcus, is situated on the sternocostal surface of the heart, close to its left margin, the other posterior longitudinal sulcus (posterior interventricular sulcus, inferior interventricular groove), on the diaphragmatic surface near the right margin. ... The sternocostal surface of the heart (anterior surface of the heart) is directed forward, upward, and to the left. ... The diaphragmatic surface of the heart, directed downward and slightly backward, is formed by the ventricles, and rests upon the central tendon and a small part of the left muscular portion of the diaphragm. ... The right margin of the heart (right border of heart) is long, and is formed by the right atrium above and the right ventricle below. ... The left margin of heart (or obtuse margin) is shorter than the right border of heart, full, and rounded: it is formed mainly by the left ventricle, but to a slight extent, above, by the left atrium. ...

right heart
(vena cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (auricle, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of the inferior vena cava, valve of the coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (conus arteriosus, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula)  → pulmonic valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation) Right heart is a term used to refer collectively to the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart. ... The superior and inferior venae cavae are the veins that return the blood from the body into the heart. ... An aortic sinus is one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta which occurs at the aortic root, i. ... This page is about the muscular organ, the Heart. ... The right auricular appendix (right auricula, right auricle) is a small conical muscular pouch, the margins of which present a dentated edge. ... For the structure in the thigh, see Fossa ovalis (thigh). ... The limbus of fossa ovalis (annulus ovalis) is the prominent oval margin of the fossa ovalis. ... The right horn and transverse portion of the sinus venosus ultimately become incorporated with and form a part of the adult right atrium, the line of union between it and the auricula being indicated in the interior of the atrium by a vertical crest, the crista terminalis of His. ... The valve of the inferior vena cava (eustachian valve) serves to direct the blood from that vessel through the foramen ovale into the left atrium. ... The valve of the coronary sinus (Thebesian valve) is a semicircular fold of the lining membrane of the atrium, at the orifice of the coronary sinus. ... In anatomy, the heart valves are valves in the heart that prevent blood from flowing the wrong way. ... The right ventricle is one of four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) in the human heart. ... The upper and left angle of the right ventricle forms a conical pouch, the conus arteriosus, from which the pulmonary artery arises. ... A muscular band, well-marked in sheep and some other animals, frequently extends from the base of the anterior papillary muscle to the ventricular septum. ... In anatomy, the heart valves are valves in the heart that prevent blood from flowing the wrong way. ... The pulmonary arteries carry blood from the heart to the lungs. ... Pulmonary circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygen-depleted blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart. ...

left heart
(pulmonary veins) → left atrium (auricle) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation) Left heart is a term used to refer collectively to the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart. ... The pulmonary veins carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. ... Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. ... The left auricular appendix (left auricula, left auricle) of the heart is somewhat constricted at its junction with the principal cavity; it is longer, narrower, and more curved than that of the right side, and its margins are more deeply indented. ... The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, is a valve in the heart that lies between the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV). ... In the heart, a ventricle is a chamber which collects blood from an atrium (another heart chamber) and pumps it out of the heart. ... The aortic valve is one of the valves of the heart. ... An aortic sinus is one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta which occurs at the aortic root, i. ... The aorta (generally pronounced or ay-orta) is the largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation. ... Systemic circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. ...

pericardium  (sinus) • epicardium • myocardium • endocardium • cardiac skeleton (fibrous trigone, fibrous rings) The pericardium is a double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the great vessels. ... There are two Pericardial sinuses: transverse and oblique. ... Epicardium describes the outer layer of heart tissue (from Greek; epi- outer, cardium heart). ... Myocardium is the muscular tissue of the heart. ... In the heart, the endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart. ... Cardiac skeleton (sometimes called fibrous skeleton of the heart) refers to the structure of connective tissue in the heart that separates the atria from the ventricles. ... The left atrioventricular ring is closely connected, by its right margin, with the aortic arterial ring; between these and the right atrioventricular ring is a triangular mass of fibrous tissue, the fibrous trigone, which represents the os cordis seen in the heart of some of the larger animals, as the... The fibrous rings surround the atrioventricular and arterial orifices, and are stronger upon the left than on the right side of the heart. ...

conduction system
cardiac pacemaker • SA node • AV node• bundle of His • Purkinje fibers  The EKG complex. ... The contractions of the heart are controlled by electrical impulses, these fire at a rate which controls the beat of the heart. ... The sinoatrial node (abbreviated SA node, also called the sinus node) is the impulse generating (pacemaker) tissue located in the right atrium of the heart. ... The bundle of His is a collection of heart muscle cells specialized for electrical conduction that transmits the electrical impulses from the AV node (located between the atria and the ventricles) to the point of the apex of the fascicular branches. ... Purkinje fibers (or Purkyne tissue) are located in the inner ventricular walls of the heart, just beneath the endocardium. ...