NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Auburn, Alabama

Auburn is a city in Lee County, Alabama. It is the largest city in eastern Alabama with a 2006 population of 51,906 (according to the U.S. Census estimates).^[1] It is the principal city of the Auburn Metropolitan Area, a MSA with a population of 123,254 which, along with the Columbus, Georgia-Alabama MSA and the Tuskegee, Alabama Micropolitan Statistical Area, comprises the greater Columbus-Auburn-Opelika, Georgia-Alabama Combined Statistical Area with an estimated population of 276,000. Image File history File links Auburn-AL-city-flag. ... The Seal of the City of Auburn, Alabama File links The following pages link to this file: Auburn, Alabama User talk:Lissoy/Auburn, Alabama Categories: Logos ... // A nickname is a name of a person or thing other than its proper name. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1299x568, 75 KB) Summary Location of Auburn, Alabama in Lee County. ... Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas US Government Portal The political units and divisions of the United States include: The 50 states... This article is about the U.S. State. ... List of 67 counties in the U.S. state of Alabama: Autauga County Baldwin County Barbour County Bibb County Blount County Bullock County Butler County Calhoun County Chambers County Cherokee County Chilton County Choctaw County Clarke County Clay County Cleburne County Coffee County Colbert County Conecuh County Coosa County Covington... Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... A mayor (from the Latin mÄior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (â‰ˆ1,609 m) in length. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude and geographical regions, we list here areas between 100 kmÂ² and 1000 kmÂ². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth â€“ approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, â€² â€“ a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... CST or UTC-6 The Central Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-6) and five hours during daylight saving time (UTC-5). ... âˆ’12 | âˆ’11 | âˆ’10 | âˆ’9:30 | âˆ’9 | âˆ’8 | âˆ’7 | âˆ’6 | âˆ’5 | âˆ’4 | âˆ’3:30 | âˆ’3 | âˆ’2:30 | âˆ’2 | âˆ’1 | âˆ’0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Though DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... CST or UTC-6 The Central Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-6) and five hours during daylight saving time (UTC-5). ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... The U.S. Census is mandated by the United States Constitution. ... The Auburn Metropolitan Area, officially the Auburn-Opelika Metropolitan Statistical Area, is a metro area in east-central Alabama with a 2004 population of 120,743. ... In the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has produced a formal definition of metropolitan areas, which are organized around county boundaries. ... A Micropolis (mini-city) is a demographics term that gained currency in the 1990s to describe growing population centers in the United States that are far removed from a large city, even 100 miles (160 km) or more. ... The United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines micropolitan and metropolitan statistical areas. ...

It is the home of Auburn University. Auburn has been marked in recent years by rapid growth, and is currently the fastest growing metropolitan area in Alabama and the nineteenth-fastest growing metro area in the United States since 1990. The city's unofficial nickname is The Loveliest Village On The Plains, taken from a line in the poem The Deserted Village by Oliver Goldsmith: "Sweet Auburn! loveliest village of the plain . . ." Auburn University (AU or Auburn) is a state university located in Auburn, Alabama, USA. With more than 24,100 students and 1,200 faculty, it is the largest university in the state,[5] and according to U.S. News & World Report, has a selectivity rating of more selective. ... Oliver Goldsmith Oliver Goldsmith (November 10, 1730 or 1728 â€“ April 4, 1774) was an Irish writer and physician known for his novel The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), his pastoral poem The Deserted Village (1770) (written in memory of his brother), and his plays The Good-naturd Man (1768) and...

History

Inhabited in antiquity by the Creek, the land on which Auburn sits was opened to settlement in 1832 with the Treaty of Cusseta. The first settlers arrived in the winter of 1836 from Harris County, Georgia. These settlers, led by Judge John J. Harper, intended to build a town that would be the religious and educational center for the area. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 449 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (461 Ã— 615 pixel, file size: 36 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Rivers Langley, http://www. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 449 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (461 Ã— 615 pixel, file size: 36 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Rivers Langley, http://www. ... The Creeks are an American Indian people originally from the southeastern United States, also known by their original name Muscogee (or Muskogee), the name they use to identify themselves today. ... Creek land ceded by the Treaty of Cusseta is shaded in blue. ... Harris County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. ...

Auburn was incorporated on February 2, 1839, covering an area of 2 square miles (5.6 km²). By that time, Methodist and Baptist churches had been established, and a school had been built and had come into operation. In the mid-1840s, separate academies for boys and girls were established in addition to the primary school. This concentration of educational institutions led to a rapid influx of families from the planter class into Auburn in the 1840s and 1850s. By 1858, of the roughly 1,000 free residents of Auburn, some 500 were students. is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Methodist movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Â· Other religions Ecumenism Â· Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul Â· Church Fathers Constantine Â· Athanasius Â· Augustine Anselm Â· Aquinas Â· Palamas Â· Luther Calvin Â· Wesley Arius Â· Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury Â· Catholic Pope Coptic Pope Â· Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: Baptist is... For other uses, see Academy (disambiguation). ... A primary school in ÄŒeskÃ½ TÄ›Å¡Ãn, Poland. ... A plantation is an intentional planting of a crop, on a larger scale, usually for uses other than cereal production or pasture. ...

In 1856, the state legislature chartered a Methodist college, the East Alabama Male College in Auburn. This college, now Auburn University, opened its doors in 1859, offering a classical and liberal education. Auburn University (AU or Auburn) is a state university located in Auburn, Alabama, USA. With more than 24,100 students and 1,200 faculty, it is the largest university in the state,[5] and according to U.S. News & World Report, has a selectivity rating of more selective. ... Classical education as understood and taught in the Middle Ages of Western culture is roughly based on the ancient Greek concept of Paideia. ... In the history of education, the seven liberal arts comprise two groups of studies, the trivium and the quadrivium. ...

With the advent of the Civil War in 1861, Auburn quickly emptied. All of the schools closed, and most businesses shuttered. Auburn was the site of a hospital for Texan Confederate soldiers, but only saw direct combat with the raids of Rousseau in 1864 and Wilson in 1865. Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Official language(s) No official language See languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Largest metro area Dallasâ€“Fort Worthâ€“Arlington Area Ranked 2nd - Total 261,797 sq mi (678,051 kmÂ²) - Width 773 miles (1,244 km) - Length 790 miles (1,270 km) - % water 2. ... Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God, Our Vindicator) Anthem (none official) God Save the South (unofficial) The Bonnie Blue Flag (unofficial) Dixie (unofficial) Capital Montgomery, Alabama (until May 29, 1861) Richmond, Virginia (May 29, 1861â€“April 2, 1865) Danville, Virginia (from April 3, 1865) Language(s) English (de facto) Religion... Wilsons Raid was a cavalry operation through Alabama and Georgia in March-April 1865, late in the American Civil War. ...

After the Civil War, Auburn's economy entered a prolonged depression that would last the remainder of the century. Public schools did not reopen until the mid-1870s, and most businesses remained closed. A series of fires in the 1860s and 1870s gutted the downtown area. East Alabama Male College was turned over to the state in 1872, and with funds from the federal Morrill Act was renamed Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College with a new mission as a land grant college. Passage of the Hatch Act in 1887 allowed for expansion of agricultural research facilities on campus. One of Auburns many walking and biking trails. ... One of Auburns many walking and biking trails. ... The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are pieces of US legislation which allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges, which would be funded by the grant of federally-controlled land to each of the states which had stayed with the United States during the American Civil War. ... Land-grant universities (also called land-grant colleges or land grant institutions) are American institutions which have been designated by a Congress to receive the benefits of the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890. ... The Hatch Act of 1887 was a piece of US legislation which authorized federal funding for agricultural experiment stations connected to each land-grant university. ...

In 1892, the college became the first four-year college in Alabama to admit women. This, combined with increased interest in scientific agriculture and engineering and new funding from business licenses, allowed the city to start expanding again. By 1910, Auburn's population had returned to its antebellum level. SIAA Conference championships won by the Auburn college's football team brought attention and support to Auburn, and helped fill the city's coffers. Coeducation is the integrated education of males and females at the same school facilities. ... Agricultural science is a broad multidisciplinary field that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic, and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture. ... Engineering is the applied science of acquiring and applying knowledge to design, analysis, and/or construction of works for practical purposes. ... The Southern Conference (or SoCon) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the NCAAs Division I. SoCon football teams compete in the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (formerly known as I-AA). ...

Fortunes were quickly reversed with the collapse of cotton prices in the early 1920s and the subsequent Great Depression a decade later. Due to these events, the state government became unable to fund the college, and—as Auburn's economy was completely derived from the college—residents were forced into a barter economy to support themselves. For other uses, see The Great Depression (disambiguation). ... Barter is a simple form of trade where goods or services are exchanged for a certain amount of other goods or services, i. ...

Money began to flow into Auburn again with America's entry into World War II. Auburn's campus was turned into a training ground for technical specialists in the armed forces. After the war, Auburn was flooded by soldiers returning to school on the G.I. Bill. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Servicemens Readjustment Act of 1944 (better known as the G.I. Bill) provided for college or vocational education for returning World War II veterans (commonly referred to as GIs or G.I.s) as well as one year of unemployment compensation. ...

Primarily due to this influx of students, Auburn began a period of growth that lasted through the 1950s and 1960s. A considerable amount of residential and business construction pushed Auburn's growth outside of the original boundaries of the city, leading to a series of large annexations which expanded Auburn to nearly 24 square miles (63 km²). Construction of Interstate 85 beginning in 1957 connected Auburn to the major cities of the state. This allowed for Auburn University (renamed in 1960) to schedule more home football games in Auburn rather than in larger cities, creating a strong tourism component in Auburn's economy. Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Interstate 85 Interstate 85 (abbreviated I-85) is an interstate highway in the southeastern United States. ... Auburn University (AU or Auburn) is a state university located in Auburn, Alabama, USA. With more than 24,100 students and 1,200 faculty, it is the largest university in the state,[5] and according to U.S. News & World Report, has a selectivity rating of more selective. ... â€œTouristâ€ redirects here. ...

Growth slowed somewhat in the 1970s, and a series of budget cuts made it clear that Auburn's sole economic reliance on Auburn University put the city in a tenuous position.

Backlash against what was seen as an ineffectual city council led to the election of Jan Dempsey as mayor in 1982 and the removal of the previous city government system in favor of a council-manager system. With a new government in place, the city began aggressively pursuing industry, leading to a nearly 1,200% increase in the number of industrial jobs over the next twenty years. As public satisfaction with the city administration reached record levels, Auburn began very rapid residential growth. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 511 pixelsFull resolution (824 Ã— 526 pixel, file size: 55 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Rivers Langley, http://www. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 511 pixelsFull resolution (824 Ã— 526 pixel, file size: 55 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Rivers Langley, http://www. ... The council-manager government is one of two main variations of representative municipal government in the United States. ...

A series of reports in the 1980s and 1990s ranking the Auburn public school system among the top in the state and nation convinced thousands of new residents to move to Auburn over the past 25 years. Between 1980 and 2003, Auburn's population grew by 65%, and Auburn's economy expanded by 220%. With growth came issues of urban sprawl, which has become the primary political issue in Auburn at the turn of the 21st century. Urban sprawl (also: suburban sprawl) is the spreading out of a city and its suburbs over rural land at the fringe of an urban area. ...

Law and Government

Auburn has a council-manager government led by an eight-member city council, a mayor, and an appointed city manager. Download high resolution version (615x857, 237 KB)Map of the City of Auburn. ... Download high resolution version (615x857, 237 KB)Map of the City of Auburn. ... The council-manager government is one of two main variations of representative municipal government in the United States. ...

The city council acts as a legislative body of the city, passing laws and regulations and appointing citizens to the city's various boards, including the Auburn City Board of Education. Each member of the city council is elected for a four-year term from one of eight geographic wards. Ward 1 is designed to ensure African-American representation on the council. A city council is the most common style of legislative government in a city or town. ... Languages Predominantly American English Religions Protestantism (chiefly Baptist and Methodist); Roman Catholicism; Islam Related ethnic groups Sub-Saharan Africans and other African groups, some with Native American groups. ...

The mayor of Auburn is elected in the city at-large to a four year term. The duties of the mayor are to promote the city, communicate with residents, and break any ties in votes of the City Council. As such, the position of mayor in Auburn is primarily symbolic. The current mayor of Auburn is Bill Ham, Jr. A mayor (from the Latin mÄior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ...

The day-to-day operations of Auburn are run by the City Manager. The City Manager is appointed by and serves at the leisure of the City Council. The City Manager is responsible for the appointment and dismissal of all department heads, advises the council on policy matters, and creates and administers the city budget. The current City Manager of Auburn is Charlie Duggan. The council-manager government is one of 2 main variations of representative municipal government (for contrast, also see Mayor-Council government). ...

Geography

The city of Auburn lies in western Lee County and is bordered by the city of Opelika to the northeast and by Chambers County to the north. The city stretches south to the Macon County line in the southwest. Moores Mill Creek flowing through Chewacla State Park in Auburn, Alabama. ... Moores Mill Creek flowing through Chewacla State Park in Auburn, Alabama. ... Opelika is a city in Lee County in east central Alabama. ... Chambers County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Macon County is a county of the State of Alabama. ...

Auburn sits on the fall line at the juncture of the piedmont plateau and the coastal plain. Portions of Auburn also include the southernmost exposure of rocks indicating the Appalachian orogeny--as such, the last foothill of the Appalachian Mountains lies in Chewacla Park in southern Auburn. As a result of these three varied physical environments, Auburn has an extremely diverse geology. The fall line has meanings in both geographical features and the sport of alpine skiing. ... The James River winds its way among piedmont hills in central Virginia. ... In geography, a coastal plain is an area of flat, low-lying land adjacent to a seacoast and separated from the interior by other features. ... The Appalachian orogeny is a geological event that formed the Appalachian Mountains. ... Appalachians in North Carolina The Appalachian Mountains (French: les Appalaches) are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. ...

The southwest and west regions of the city on the plateau are marked by rolling plains and savannahs, with the undeveloped portion primarily being used for cattle grazing and ranching. South of this region sits the coastal plain, with sandy soil and pine forest. Parts of north Auburn have much more rugged topographies, with thick forests in high hills and deep hollows of the type common to parts of eastern Tennessee. The region surrounded by Chewacla Park in the south of the city contains sharp peaks and sudden drops of elevation as the 3.5 billion year-old rock of the Appalachians meets the coastal plain. In geography, a plain is a large area of land with relatively low relief. ... Savanna is a grassland dotted with trees, and occurs in several types of biomes. ... Ranching is the raising of cattle or sheep on rangeland, although one might also speak of ranching with regard to less common livestock such as elk, bison or emu. ... For other uses, see Pine (disambiguation). ... Official language(s) English Capital Nashville Largest city Memphis Largest metro area Nashville Metropolitan Area Area Ranked 36th - Total 42,169 sq mi (109,247 kmÂ²) - Width 120 miles (195 km) - Length 440 miles (710 km) - % water 2. ...

Auburn sits near the divide between the Chattahoochee and Tallapoosa River watersheds. Auburn is drained by three main creek systems: in the south, by the Chewacla/Opintlocco Creek system; in the north, by the Saugahatchee Creek system; and in the extreme northern reaches of Auburn by Sandy Creek. The dividing line between the Chewacla and Saugahatchee watersheds roughly follows railroad line east-west through the center of town. Map of the Apalachicola River system with the Chattahoochee highlighted. ... The Tallapoosa River runs from the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains in Georgia in the United States south and west into Alabama. ...

Auburn is located at 32°35′52″N, 85°28′51″W (32.597684, -85.480823)^GR1and according to the U.S. Census Bureau in 2000, the city has a total area of 102.5 km² (39.6 mi²). 101.3 km² (39.1 mi²) of it is land and 1.1 km² (0.4 mi²) of it (1.11%) is water. The elevation of Auburn at City Hall is 709 ft (216 m) above sea level; though due to Auburn's diverse topography, elevation ranges from 386 feet (118 m) above sea level where Chewacla Creek crosses Sand Hill Road to 845 feet (258 m) above sea level in northern Auburn near the Chambers County line. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (â‰ˆ1,609 m) in length. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth â€“ approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ...

Climate

Auburn has a typically Southern climate marked by mild winters, hot, muggy summers, and moderate autumns and springs. Due to Auburn's position near the Gulf of Mexico, the city receives a significant amount of rainfall--on average, 52.6 inches (1340 mm) per year—though there is a distinct dry season in the late summer and early fall. Severe storm activity is common from the late winter through early summer. Owing to its proximity to the Gulf, Auburn is also subject to fringe effects from tropical storms and hurricanes in the summer and fall. Hurricanes Opal in 1995 and Ivan in 2004 are among two of the most notable tropical systems to affect the Auburn area in recent memory, bringing torrential rains and high winds. The U.S. Southern states or the South, also known colloquially as Dixie, constitute a distinctive region covering a large portion of the United States, with its own unique heritage, historical perspective, customs, musical styles, and cuisine. ... Winter is one of the four seasons of temperate zones. ... For other uses, see Summer (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Spring. ... Gulf of Mexico in 3D perspective. ... In meteorology, precipitation is any kind of water that falls from the sky as part of the weather. ... Mid-19th century tool for converting between different standards of the inch An inch is an Imperial unit of length. ...

Winters in Auburn are typically mild, with average highs between 55 and 60°F (13 to 16 °C) and average lows between 35 and 40 °F (2 to 4°C). Snowfall is not rare, but is infrequent; Auburn on average receives less than an inch (25 mm) per year. Spring highs average between 75 and 80 °F (24 to 27°C), and lows average from 50 to 60°F (10 to 16 °C). Summer temperatures have an average peak in the high 80s and low 90s (29 to 33°C) with lows around 70°F (21°C), though the high humidity can push daytime heat indices over 100 °F (38 °C). Fall is typically drier than the other seasons, with highs in the 70s (21 to 27°C) and lows in the 50s (10 to 16°C). For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... Celsius is, or relates to, the Celsius temperature scale (previously known as the centigrade scale). ... This page is about the form of precipitation. ... Humidity is the amount of water vapor in air. ... The heat index (HI) or humidex is an index that combines air temperature and relative humidity to determine an apparent temperature â€” how hot it actually feels. ...

The record high for Auburn is 103 °F (40 °C), set on July 15, 1980 and August 10, 1980, while the record low was -7°F (-22°C), set on February 13, 1899 and January 21, 1985. is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ...

Economy

Auburn's economy is centered around Auburn University and providing university-affiliated services. Auburn University employs 4,300 people, which is roughly one-quarter of the city's total workforce. In addition, 2,400 Auburnites are employed by the federal and state government in positions which are generally connected with the university. Some 8,500 are employed in service sector jobs. The tertiary sector of industry, also called the service sector or the service industry, is one of the three main industrial categories of a developed economy, the others being the secondary industry (manufacturing and primary goods production such as agriculture), and primary industry (extraction such as mining and fishing). ...

Auburn's industrial base is built around mid-sized, high tech manufacturing and research firms. Auburn has four technology parks where main areas of industrial focus are on the manufacture of small engines, automotive wheels, fuel cells, plastic injection technology, and vehicle armor. The 156 acre (0.6 km²) Auburn University Research Park is currently under construction and will be anchored by a firm which specializes in research in high-resolution, dark field optical microscopy. Overall, the manufacturing sector accounts for some 4,000 jobs in Auburn. Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, making by hand) is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale. ... This article is about the concept. ... A fuel cell is an electrochemical device similar to a battery, but differing from the latter in that it is designed for continuous replenishment of the reactants consumed; i. ... Robert Hookes microscope (1665) - an engineered device used to study living systems. ...

Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 42,987 people, 18,421 households, and 7,239 families residing in the city. The population density was 424.2/km² (1,098.6/mi²). There were 20,043 housing units at an average density of 197.8/km² (512.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 78.05% White, 16.79% Black or African American, 0.19% Native American, 3.31% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.57% from other races, and 1.05% from two or more races. 1.55% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Download high resolution version (1000x1504, 264 KB)Auburn Universitys Samford Hall; taken 09/05/2004 by J. Glover (AUtiger) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1000x1504, 264 KB)Auburn Universitys Samford Hall; taken 09/05/2004 by J. Glover (AUtiger) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... William J. Samford Hall is a structure on the campus of Auburn University in Auburn, Alabama. ... Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ...

There were 18,421 households out of which 18.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.6% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 60.7% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.93. Marriage is an interpersonal relationship with governmental, social, or religious recognition, usually intimate and sexual, and often created as a contract, or through civil process. ...

In the city the population was spread out with 15.4% under the age of 18, 44.6% from 18 to 24, 21.9% from 25 to 44, 11.7% from 45 to 64, and 6.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23 years. For every 100 females there were 99.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $17,206, and the median income for a family was $55,619. Males had a median income of $41,012 versus $26,209 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,431. About 14.0% of families and 38.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.5% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over. The per capita income for a group of people may be defined as their total personal income, divided by the total population. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population who have an income below the national poverty line The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...

Education

Auburn, as a college town is largely driven by the influence of education. Auburn has one post-secondary school, Auburn University, which has an enrollment of 23,000. Auburn University is a Land-grant university with traditionally strong programs in business, engineering, agriculture, and veterinary medicine. The university is largely focused on undergraduate education, with a graduate enrollment of only 4,000. Auburn University is a research institution, with primary areas of research focus including wireless engineering, molecular biosciences, transportation, aquaculture, and forest sustainability. There is also a College Town next to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in Berkshire, England. ... Auburn University (AU or Auburn) is a state university located in Auburn, Alabama, USA. With more than 24,100 students and 1,200 faculty, it is the largest university in the state,[5] and according to U.S. News & World Report, has a selectivity rating of more selective. ... Land-grant universities (also called land-grant colleges or land grant institutions) are institutions of higher education in the United States which have been designated by Congress to receive the benefits of the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890. ... In economics, a business is a legally-recognized organizational entity existing within an economically free country designed to sell goods and/or services to consumers, usually in an effort to generate profit. ... Engineering is the applied science of acquiring and applying knowledge to design, analysis, and/or construction of works for practical purposes. ... Veterinary medicine is the application of medical, diagnostic, and therapeutic principles to companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife, and production animals. ... In some educational systems, undergraduate education is post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelors degree. ...

Auburn is also home to several research centers, including the Ludwig von Mises Institute. Ludwig von Mises Institute for Austrian Economics, Auburn, Alabama The Ludwig von Mises Institute (LvMI), based in Auburn, Alabama, is a libertarian academic organisation engaged in research and scholarship in the fields of economics, philosophy and political economy. ...

Auburn's public school system includes one kindergarten, five elementary schools (a sixth is scheduled to open in 2007), one middle school, one junior high school, and one high school. Auburn's school system has repeatedly been ranked among the top public school systems in the state and nation. Auburn City Schools has been ranked among the top 100 school districts in the United States by Parenting magazine and as the best educational value in the Southeast by the Wall Street Journal. Auburn's Early Education Center has specialized programs for autism education, has been recognized as a national Blue Ribbon school, and is an Intel and Scholastic School of Distinction. Auburn High School has strong International Baccalaureate and music programs, and was ranked in 2006 by Newsweek as the top non-magnet public high school in Alabama, and one of the top 30 in the United States. The Auburn City School District or Auburn City Schools is the school district of Auburn, Alabama. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Primary or elementary education is the first years of formal, structured education that occurs during childhood. ... Middle school (also known as intermediate school or junior high school) covers a period of education that straddles primary education and secondary education, serving as a bridge between the two. ... Middle school and junior high school cover a period of education that straddles primary education and secondary education and serve as a bridge between them. ... For other uses, see High school (disambiguation). ... Parenting is a magazine published in the United States. ... The U.S. Southern states or the South, also known colloquially as Dixie, constitute a distinctive region covering a large portion of the United States, with its own unique heritage, historical perspective, customs, musical styles, and cuisine. ... The Wall Street Journal is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with an average daily circulation of 1,800,607 (2002). ... Autism is a brain development disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, and restricted and repetitive behavior, all exhibited before a child is three years old. ... Auburn High School Auburn High School is a public high school in Auburn, Alabama, enrolling 1135 students in grades 10-12. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into International Baccalaureate Organization. ... The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ... In the U.S. system of education, a magnet school is a public school which offers innovative courses, specialized training, etc. ...

Transportation

Auburn is located in the southeastern part of Alabama and is accessible by Interstate 85, US 29, and US 280. The city also has a general aviation airport, the Auburn-Opelika Robert G. Pitts Airport, which is 2 miles east of downtown Auburn. The major commercial airports closest to Auburn are the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL) (Atlanta) and the Columbus Metropolitan Airport (CSG) (Columbus). There are also two regional airports close to Auburn: Montgomery Regional Airport (MGM) (Montgomery) and the Birmingham International Airport (BHM) (Birmingham). Each of these airports is within 2 hours driving distance from Auburn and together they offer air service to most of the world's major airports.
Other modes of transportation for getting into Auburn are Express85 and Tiger Taxi. If you need a ride to the Auburn campus you have Tiger Transit which provides transportation services for Auburn University students, faculty, and staff. Auburn is one of the most bicycle-friendly small towns in the country, and received an award for being a bike friendly town from the League of American Bicyclists. The Auburn Bike Committee posts a list of bike rides and events [1]. This article is about the U.S. State. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Interstate 85 Interstate 85 (abbreviated I-85) is an interstate highway in the southeastern United States. ... United States Highway 29 is a north-south United States highway that runs for 1,036 miles (1,667 km) from the western suburbs of Baltimore to Pensacola, Florida. ... U.S. Highway 280 is a spur of U.S. Highway 80. ... Auburn-Opelika Robert G. Pitts Airport (IATA: AUO, ICAO: KAUO) is a public airport located 2 miles (3 km) east of downtown Auburn in Lee County, Alabama. ... FAA diagram of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL) Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (IATA: ATL, ICAO: KATL, FAA LID: ATL), locally known as Atlanta Airport, Hartsfield Airport, Hartsfield-Jackson, or simply Hartsfield, is located seven miles (11 km) south of the central business district of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. ... Nickname: Location in Fulton County and the state of Georgia Coordinates: , Country State Counties Fulton, DeKalb Government - Mayor Shirley Franklin (D) Area - City 132. ... Columbus Metropolitan Airport (IATA: CSG, ICAO: KCSG) is a public airport located in western of Columbus, Georgia. ... Columbus is a city in Muscogee County, Georgia, United States. ... Montgomery Regional Airport (IATA: MGM, ICAO: KMGM), also known as Dannelly Field, is a public airport located six miles (9. ... Coordinates: , Country State County Montgomery Incorporated December 3, 1819 Government - Mayor Bobby Bright Area - City 156. ... Birmingham International Airport (IATA: BHM, ICAO: KBHM) is the major airport that serves Birmingham, Alabama and Central Alabama. ... Nickname: Location in Jefferson County in the state of Alabama Coordinates: , Country State County Jefferson, Shelby Government - Mayor Bernard Kincaid (D) Area - City 151. ...

Arts, Culture, and Recreation

Auburn is the home to the Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art. The Smith Museum maintains a collection of primarily 19th and 20th Century American and European art. The museum's exhibits include the Advancing American Art Collection, consisting of 36 works by mid-20th Century American artists including Jacob Lawrence, Ben Shahn, and Georgia O'Keefe, a collection of engravings by naturalist John James Audubon, and works by Dali, Chagall, Renoir, Picasso, and Matisse. Major sculptural works at the museum include a collection of Tibetan bronzes, Jean Woodham's Spinoff, and Dale Chihuly's Amber Luster Chandelier. An aerial view of the Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art in Auburn, Alabama. ... An aerial view of the Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art in Auburn, Alabama. ... The Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art is an art museum on the campus of Auburn University, and is the only university art museum in Alabama. ... Jacob Lawrence taken by Kenneth Space. ... Sacco & Vanzetti mosaic by Ben Shahn, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY Ben Shahn (September 12, 1898 - March 14, 1969) was a Lithuanian-born American artist and teacher. ... Georgia O’Keeffe in Abiquiu, New Mexico, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1950 Georgia OKeeffe (November 15, 1887 – March 6, 1986) was an American artist born in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. ... Table of natural history, 1728 Cyclopaedia Natural history is an umbrella term for what are now often viewed as several distinct scientific disciplines of integrative organismal biology. ... John James Audubon John James Audubon[1] (April 26, 1785 â€“ January 27, 1851) was a Franco-American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter. ... Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto DalÃ i DomÃ¨nech, Marquis of Pubol (May 11, 1904 â€“ January 23, 1989), was a Spanish (Catalan) surrealist painter. ... Marc Chagall as photographed in 1941 by Carl Van Vechten. ... Pierre-Auguste Renoir (February 25, 1841â€“December 3, 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the Impressionist style. ... A young Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso, formally Pablo Ruiz Picasso, (October 25, 1881 - April 8, 1973) was one of the recognized masters of 20th century art. ... Self-Portrait in a Striped T-shirt (1906). ... Sculptor redirects here. ... This article is about historical/cultural Tibet. ... Dale Chihuly. ...

Also in Auburn is the Telfair Peet Theatre, which performs a series of plays and musicals each year. The Auburn Community Orchestra, as well as the bands of Auburn University and the Auburn High School Honors Band perform dozens of yearly concerts, including a series of outdoor concerts in the fall at Kiesel Park. Other musical series in Auburn include that of the Auburn Knights Orchestra, a big band jazz orchestra, and the Sundilla Acoustic Concert Series. The theatre is rumoured to be haunted by a ghost named Sydney, who the theatre department appeases before every performance with a package of Reese's Pieces. A big band is a type of musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late 1940s. ... For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ... The Auburn University Chapel is a structure on the National Register of Historic Places and is the oldest building in its original location in Auburn, Alabama. ...

Auburn is also home to Auburn Area Community Theater (AACT), a community-based organization that puts on three productions a year, including a spring children's show. All performances are rehearsed and performed at the Jan Dempsey Community Arts Center.

There are also a variety of dance schools in auburn that give classes including ballet, tap, jazz, tango, hip-hop, and even teaches Irish dances from the Karl Drake School.

Recreational opportunities in Auburn include 16 parks, highlighted by Chewacla State Park, a 700 acre (2.8 km²) park in the Appalachian foothills, Kiesel Park, a 200 acre (0.8 km²) "passive" park with numerous trails, and the Louise Kreher Forest Ecology Preserve. The Donald E. Davis Arboretum showcases 150 different tree species native to Alabama and the Southeast. Auburn is also ringed by miles of multi-use trails and several lakes. This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Chewacla State Park is a state park in Auburn, Alabama. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... A trail, in the most general sense, is any linear route for travel. ...

Sports

See also: Auburn Tigers Auburn Tigers is the name given to Auburn University athletic teams. ...

Auburn has no professional sports teams, but nonetheless has a vibrant sports culture due to the presence of Auburn University's NCAA Division I athletic squads. Auburn University football in particular is a major force in Auburn's culture and economy. When Auburn University has home football games in the fall, the city often sees over 100,000 visitors, and the yearly economic impact is measured at nearly $100 million. While other sports do not attract as many tourists to Auburn, the university's 17 varsity sports offer citizens a variety of other opportunities for viewing competition at virtually the highest level. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA, often pronounced N-C-Double-A or N-C-Two-A ) is a voluntary association of about 1,200 institutions, conferences, organizations and individuals that organizes the athletic programs of many colleges and universities in the United States. ... Division I (or DI) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States. ... The Auburn Tigers football team represents the Auburn University in college football as a member of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, competing in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). ... In the United States and Canada, varsity sports teams are the principal athletic teams representing a college, university, or high school or other secondary school. ...

Home football games particularly change the face of Auburn for several weekends a year. Tens of thousands of fans flood the campus hours—sometimes days—before the game to tailgate, creating a festival-like atmosphere throughout the weekend. Football games in Auburn are played in 87,451 seat Jordan-Hare Stadium, which sits on the main campus, just a few blocks from downtown. A college football game between Colorado State and Air Force. ... A tailgate party at the 2005 Big 12 Championship game - note the pickup truck tailgates In North America, a tailgate party is an often celebratory social event held on and around the open tailgate of a vehicle. ... For other uses, see Festival (disambiguation). ... Jordan-Hare Stadium is the playing venue for Auburn Universitys football team located on campus in Auburn, Alabama, USA. The stadium is named for Ralph Shug Jordan (pronounced JURD-an), the Universitys winningest football coach, and Cliff Hare, a member of Auburns first football team. ...

Basketball is played at 10,500 seat Beard-Eaves-Memorial Coliseum, while baseball games are held at 4,096 seat Plainsman Park, which was named the top collegiate ballpark in the nation by Baseball America in 2003. One of Auburn's most competitive sports is the swimming program, which has won seven of the last nine NCAA national championships including the last five straight and 11 consecutive SEC men's championships. While the women have won five NCAA national titles and four SEC championships. The teams and competes at the James Martin Aquatic Center. More Olympic swimmers have come from Auburn's swimming program than any other university swimming program. College basketball most often refers to the American basketball competitive governance structure established by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, or NCAA. Game between Illinois State Redbirds & Ball State Cardinals, February 17, 2007 in an ESPN Bracketbuster contest. ... Beard-Eaves-Memorial Coliseum is a 10,500-seat multi-purpose arena in Auburn, Alabama. ... College baseball is baseball as played on the intercollegiate level at institutions of higher education, predominantly in the United States. ... Samford Stadium-Hitchcock Field at Plainsman Park is the college baseball venue for the Auburn University Tigers. ... Baseball America is an alternative Major League Baseball resource, with in-depth coverage of every level of the game and a particular focus on up-and-coming players. ... This article concentrates on human swimming. ... The 2007 Auburn teams celebrate their national titles at Toomers Corner in Auburn The Auburn Tigers swimming and diving program is Auburn Universitys most successful athletic program. ... The five Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted at the Games at Antwerp, 1920. ...

The Auburn Metro Area is home to 146 holes of golf at six courses, and has played host to several professional and amateur golf tournaments. Auburn Links was rated as one of the top three new courses in the nation when it opened in 1996, and the Robert Trent Jones-designed Grand National course is often cited as one of the top public courses in the nation. Because of this, in 2005, the Auburn Metro Area was ranked number 1 in the United States for golf by Golf Digest. The Auburn Metropolitan Area, officially the Auburn-Opelika Metropolitan Statistical Area, is a metro area in east-central Alabama with a 2004 population of 120,743. ... This article is about the sport. ... Robert Trent Jones, Sr. ...

Notable Auburnites

Auburn has had a number of notable citizens in its 170-year history, including Nobel Prize winners, world-class architects, artists, governors, generals and admirals, and professional athletes.

See article: Notable Auburnites The following is a list of notable Auburnites, people who have lived or are currently living in Auburn, Alabama. ...

Suburbs and Outlying Communities

Opelika is a city in Lee County in east central Alabama. ... Loachapoka is a town located in Lee County, Alabama. ... Waverly is a town located in Chambers County, Alabama. ... Location of Beauregard in Lee County. ... Location of Beulah in Lee County. ... Location of Gold Hill in Lee County. ... Bee Hive, Alabama is an unincorporated community in Lee County, Alabama. ... A 1924 picture of The Bottle. The Bottle, Alabama is a community located in the northern corporate limits of Auburn, Alabama. ...

Auburn in fiction

G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero is a military-themed action figure (3 3/4 inches tall) that was supported by a Marvel Comic and a popular cartoon television show that ran in the 1980s. ... Beach-Head is the codename of Wayne R Sneeden, the GI JOE Command Sergeant Major. ... Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions is a novel by Daniel Wallace, about a young man at his fathers deathbed who tries to reconcile his memories of his dad with who he really is. ... Daniel Wallace (born 1959) is an American author best known for his 1998 novel Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions - the basis for the Tim Burton film Big Fish. ... Timothy Tim William Burton (born August 25, 1958) is an Academy Award-nominated American film director, writer and designer. ... Big Fish is a 2003 fantasy drama film, directed by Tim Burton and written by John August. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Oceans Eleven is a 1960 heist film directed by Lewis Milestone and starring five Rat Packers: Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis, Jr. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... Dannys Song Two Scene 1, Dannys House* Dannys Mom (watching Dannys song):UMAHHHSHS Movie, WHERES MY JACK DANIELS Dannys Dad:Here it is Dannys Mom:Get outta here fanboy Me:Tell em steve dave Dannys Mom:Im gonna go see dannys o umaaaahhhhhhh... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Harper Lee Nelle Harper Lee (born April 28, 1926) is an American novelist known for her Pulitzer Prizeâ€“winning 1960 novel To Kill a Mockingbird, her only major work to date. ... To Kill a Mockingbird is a Southern Gothic bildungsroman novel by Harper Lee. ... Anne Rivers Siddons (born 9 January 1936) is an American novelist who writes stories set in the southern United States. ... This article is about the American television series. ... http://ramblinwreck. ... Fourth and Long Gone is a 1985 novel written by college coaching legend Pepper Rodgers. ...

References

^ ^a ^b Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Alabama, Listed Alphabetically: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2006 (CSV). 2007 Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division (June 28, 2007). Retrieved on June 28, 2007.

Atkins, Leah Rawls (1992). Blossoms Amid the Deep Verdure. Retrieved June 8, 2005.
Auburn-Opelika Metropolitan Planning Organization/Lee Russell Council of Governments (2004). Auburn-Opelika 2030 Long Range Transportation Plan, Draft Final Report. Atlanta, Ga., Day Wilburn Associates, Inc.
City of Auburn (1998). Auburn 2020. Retrieved June 8, 2005.
City of Auburn. City Council. Retrieved June 8, 2005.
City of Auburn, Economic Development Department (2005) City of Auburn Community Profile 2005. Retrieved June 10, 2005.
City of Auburn, Office of the City Manager (2000). Growth Boundary Plan for the City of Auburn. Pamphlet. Auburn, Ala.
Auburn University Athletic Department (2004). 2004 Auburn Football Media Guide. Retrieved June 10, 2005.
Flynt, Wayne (2001). "The Great Depression and the South". Lecture given April 2, 2001, Auburn, Ala.
Frazer, Mary B. Reese (1920). Early History of Auburn. Manuscript. Preserved on microfilm through the USAIN/NEH State and Local Literature Preservation Project, (1997) Mobile, Ala., Document Technology, Inc.
Hausman, Tamar. School Expenses. The Wall Street Journal, Southeast Journal. (May 13, 1998).
The Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art at Auburn University (2004). JCSMFA Permanent Collection. Retrieved June 10, 2005.
Newsweek. The Complete List of the Top 1000 High Schools. Retrieved June 10, 2005.
Nunn, Alexander (Ed.) (1983). Lee County and Her Forebears. Montgomery, Ala., Herff Jones. LCCCN 83-081693
Logue, Mickey & Simms, Jack (1996). Auburn: A Pictorial History of the Loveliest Village, Revised. Auburn, Ala. ISBN 1-885860-08-0
Schafer, Elizabeth D. (2003). Auburn: Plainsmen, Tigers, and War Eagles.Charleston, SC: Arcadia.
Schafer, Elizabeth D. (2004). Auburn Football. Charleston, SC: Arcadia.
United States Geological Survey (1971). Auburn Quadrangle Alabama-Lee Co. 7.5 Minute Series (Topographic). Retrieved June 8, 2005.
United States Geological Survey (1971). Opelika West Quadrangle Alabama-Lee Co. 7.5 Minute Series (Topographic). Retrieved June 8, 2005.
Watson, Douglas J. (1997). Workable Government: Auburn Provides Solutions for Community Challenges. Auburn, Ala., Craftmaster Printers.
The Weather Channel (2005). Daily Averages for Auburn, AL (36830). Retrieved June 9, 2005.
Wright, John Peavy (1969). Glimpses into the past from my Grandfather's Trunk. Alexander City, Ala., Outlook Publishing Company, Inc. LCCCN 74-101331

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