Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1 March 1812 – 14 September 1852) was an English architect, designer and theorist of design now best remembered for his work on churches and on the Houses of Parliament. He was the son of a French draughtsman, Augustus Charles Pugin, who trained him to draw Gothic buildings for use as illustrations in his books. This was the key to his work as a leader of the Gothic revival movement in architecture. Between 1821 and 1838 Pugin and his father published a series of volumes of architectural drawings, the first two entitled, Specimens of Gothic Architecture, and the following three, Examples of Gothic Architecture, that were to remain both in print and the standard references for Gothic architecture for at least the next century. Pugin most commonly refers to Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1812–1852), English architect and designer. ... is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting... is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Architect (disambiguation). ... “Houses of Parliament” redirects here. ... Augustus Charles Pugin Westminster Hall as drawn by Pugin, with figures by Thomas Rowlandson. ... Victoria Tower at the Palace of Westminster, London: Gothic details provided by A.W.N. Pugin The Gothic revival was a European architectural movement with origins in mid-18th century England. ...

Pugin became an advocate of Gothic architecture, which he believed to be the true Christian form of architecture. He attacked the influence of "pagan" Classical architecture in his book Contrasts, in which he set up medieval society as an ideal, in contrast to modern secular culture. A fine example of his work in this regard is the church of St Giles in Cheadle, Staffordshire. The western facade of Reims Cathedral, France. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... Cheadle is a small market town near the centre of England with a population of around 15000. ...

After the burning of the Palace of Westminster in 1834, Pugin was employed by Sir Charles Barry to work on the new Parliament buildings in London. He converted to Roman Catholicism, but also designed and refurbished Anglican as well as Roman Catholic churches throughout the country and abroad. His views, as expressed in works such as True Principles of Christian Architecture (1841) were highly influential. “Houses of Parliament” redirects here. ... The Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster, Barrys most famous building. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...

Other works include the interior of St Chad's Cathedral, Erdington Abbey, and Oscott College, all in Birmingham. He also designed the college buildings of St Patrick and St Mary in St. Patrick's College, Maynooth; though not the college chapel. His original plans included both a chapel and an aula maxima, neither of which were built due to financial constraints. The college chapel was designed by a follower of Pugin, the Irish architect J.J.McCarthy. Pugin also designed St. Mary's Cathedral in Killarney. He revised the plans for St. Michael's Church in Ballinasloe, Galway. St Chads Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral in Birmingham, England, dedicated to St Chad. ... Erdington Abbey Church is the more usual name of the church of Saints Thomas and Edmund of Canterbury. ... St. ... This article is about the British city. ... St Patricks College, Maynooth is the National Seminary for Ireland, a college and seminary often called Maynooth College located at Maynooth, Ireland. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Connacht County: Dáil Éireann: Galway West European Parliament: North-West Dialling Code: 091 Postal District(s): G Area: 50. ...

Pugin produced a "mediæval court" at the Great Exhibition of 1851, but died suddenly after a mental collapse. The Great Exhibition: Paxtons Crystal Palace enclosed full-grown trees in Hyde Park. ...

Slightly less grand than the above are the railway cottages at Windermere railway station in Cumberland. Believed to date from 1849, and probably some of the first houses to be built in Windermere, the terrace of cottages was built for railway executives. One of the fireplaces is a copy of one of his in the Palace of Westminster. He was the father of E.W. Pugin and Peter Paul Pugin, who continued their father's architectural firm as Pugin and Pugin, including several buildings in Australasia. Windermere railway station is the railway station that serves Windermere in Cumbria. ... Cumberland is one of the 39 traditional counties of England. ... Location within the British Isles. ... (Image) Edward Welby Pugin (1834-1875)was the eldest son of Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, a famous architect & designer of Gothic architecture. ...

Early years

Augustus Northmore Welby Pugin was the son of an émigré French architect who came to England to escape the Revolution. His father, Augustin Pugin (originally de Pugin), a French Protestant of good family, worked in the fashionable “gothick” taste of the late 18th century. In England he got work as a designer and illustrator of books on Gothic architecture and decoration compiled by the architect John Nash. He also kept a number of pupils whom he trained, together with his son, in architectural drawing. Every summer this little school went on trips to sketch Gothic both at home in England and also in France. In this way the younger Pugin accumulated a wealth of detailed knowledge about the Gothic style from an early age. At his father’s death in 1832 Pugin was able to carry on the illustrated series that his father had begun. The French Revolution (1789–1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... John Nash may refer to: John Nash (1752-1835), British architect John Forbes Nash (born 1928), mathematician, recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics and subject of the novel and film titled A Beautiful Mind. ...

The young Pugin received his elementary education as a day-boy at Christ's Hospital, better known as the Bluecoat School. Pugin had shown a precocious talent for design and at the age of 15 went to work for the London furniture-makers Morel & Seddon, designing furniture in “gothick” style for Windsor Castle. At the same time he was involved, as a freelance designer, in making drawings of furniture and metalwork for other London firms. At 17 Pugin set up his own small business, supplying furniture and ornamental carved work for houses throughout the United Kingdom. After an initial success the business failed in 1831. During this period Pugin was also designing for Covent Garden Theatre, notably the staging for Sir Walter Scott’s Kenilworth adapted as a ballet. Bluecoat School directs here. ... This article is about the castle in Windsor. ... The Floral Hall of the Royal Opera House The Royal Opera House is a performing arts venue in London. ... For the first Premier of Saskatchewan see Thomas Walter Scott Sir Walter Scott (August 14, 1771 - September 21, 1832) was a prolific Scottish historical novelist and poet popular throughout Europe. ...

In 1833 he was working with Sir Charles Barry on designs for King Edward’s School, Birmingham. This collaboration was followed in 1835-6 by detailed designs for Barry's entries in the competition to build the new Houses of Parliament. 1835 was a major turning point in Pugin’s career. His book Gothic Furniture in the Style of the Fifteenth Century was published, showing a new understanding of medieval techniques of construction. In the same year he built his first house, St Marie’s Grange, Salisbury, and most importantly, converted to Catholicism. While still a delicate youth he became intensely fond of the sea, had a smack of his own, did some small trading in carrying woodcarvings from Flanders, and was shipwrecked off Leith, near Edinburgh in 1830. This love of the sea was strong in him to the end of his life. The Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster, Barrys most famous building. ... This article is about the British city. ... For other uses, see Salisbury (disambiguation). ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... For other uses, see Flanders (disambiguation). ... The Water of Leith looking upriver from the docks, with the old buildings along Leith Shore including The Kings Wark and The Old Ship Hotel and Kings Landing. ...

Marriage and conversion

In 1831 he married Ann Garnett, and shortly afterwards was imprisoned for non-payment of rent. He then opened a shop in Hart Street, Covent Garden, for the supply of architects' drawings and architectural accessories. The venture, however, did not succeed. His wife died in childbirth on 27 May 1832. In 1833 he married Louisa Burton who bore him six children, among them Edward (1834–1875) one of the two sons who successively carried on his business (the other was the younger Peter Paul (1851–1904) from his last marriage with Jane Knill). Both received from the Pope the decoration of the Order of St Sylvester. After his second marriage he took up his residence at Salisbury, Wiltshire and in 1834 embraced the Catholic faith, his wife following his example in 1839. Of his conversion he tells us that the study of ancient ecclesiastical architecture was the primary cause of the change in his sentiments, by inducing him to pursue a course of study, terminating in complete conversion. He never swerved in his fidelity to the Church, notwithstanding the bitter trials he experienced. In 1835 he bought a small plot of ground at Laverstock, near Salisbury, on which he built for himself a quaint 15th century-style house, St Marie's Grange. is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... (Image) Edward Welby Pugin (1834-1875)was the eldest son of Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, a famous architect & designer of Gothic architecture. ... For other uses, see Salisbury (disambiguation). ...

Pugin the man

Pugin^[1] was somewhat below the middle stature and rather thick-set, with long dark hair and grey eyes that seemed to take in everything. He usually wore a sailor's jacket, loose pilot trousers, a low-crowned hat, a black silk handkerchief thrown negligently round his neck, and shapeless footwear carelessly tied. His form and attire suggested the seaman rather than a man of art. A voluble talker both at work and at table, he possessed a fund of anecdote and a great power of dramatic presentation; and when in good health overflowed with energy and good humour. And if sometimes his language was vigorous or personal, he was generous and never vindictive. Inured to industry from childhood, as a man he would work from sunrise to midnight with extraordinary ease and rapidity. His short thick hands, his stumpy tapering fingers, with the aid of a short pencil, a paid of compasses and a carpenter's rule, performed their delicate work even under such unfavourable circumstances as sailing his lugger off the south coast of England. Most of his architectural work he entrusted to an enthusiastic builder whom he had known as a workingman at Beverley, East Riding of Yorkshire. He trained the workmen he employed, and was in turn idolised by them. In his home at Ramsgate, Kent he lived with the regularity and abstemiousness of a monk, and the intellectual eagerness of a student. His benevolence made him everywhere the father of the poor.

Architecture did not take up his entire attention at The Grange; from the tower of the house Pugin would watch for ships aground off the Goodwin Sands. He would put out in his wrecker, The Caroline, to rescue the ships and cargo. The salvage money he gained from these rescues brought him a tidy supplement to his income from architecture. The Goodwin Sands are a 10-mile long sand bank in the English Channel, lying six miles east of Deal in Kent, England. ...

Scarisbrick Hall

By 1836 Pugin had formulated his ideas on architecture, and in that year he published Contrasts, which was virtually his manifesto as a Catholic, Gothic, architect. In it he set out to prove that “the degraded state of the arts in this country is purely owing to the absence of Catholic feeling”, and that the Gothic style of architecture was the only one appropriate for a Christian country to adopt. Classical architecture, he argued, was irredeemably pagan and unsuited to express Christian social values. Contrasts brought Pugin’s ideas to a wide audience, and as the new champion of Catholic architecture he was rapidly taken up by Catholic patrons including Charles Scarisbrick. In 1836 he designed the roofed stone garden seat at the north side of Scarisbrick Hall,^[2] and also the fireplace in the Great Hall. On 24 April 1837 he noted in his diary “Began Mr Scarisbrick’s house.” Scarisbrick Hall Scarisbrick Hall is a country house situated just to the south-east of the village of Scarisbrick in Lancashire England. ... is the 114th day of the year (115th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Pugin began work on Thomas Rickman’s existing west wing, to which he added the library bay window, the garden porch and north-west turret, as well as external and internal decoration. Also in 1837 he designed the south front of the Hall; although this was further embellished when built. Thomas Rickman (June 8, 1776 - January 4, 1841), English architect, was born on the 8th of June 1776 at Maidenhead, Berkshire, where he assisted his father (a Quaker) in business as a grocer and druggist until 1797. ...

The problems of planning the building were considerable, as it was the client’s wish to preserve the old part of the Hall, and any new work had to take this into account. Pugin’s solution was to provide a north-south and east-west corridor connecting the old and new parts of the Hall on both ground and first floors. The problem of lighting these corridors was solved with masterly ingenuity; Pugin put skylights over the east-west corridor and a glazed turret over the point where the corridors crossed. He then made the upper corridor floor half the width of the one beneath and introduced superbly carved bracket supports between which light could fall into the lower corridor. True to his own code, he had made an awkward problem into a feature of the building.

In 1838 Pugin proceeded to design the north elevation and this was followed by the Clock Tower in 1839. This has since been replaced with a more spectacular tower by E.W. Pugin (his son), but the original appears in the carved view of the Hall on the main staircase at Scarisbrick. It apparently had a steeply pitched roof over the clock stage, and was the prototype for the clock tower of the Houses of Parliament. (Image) Edward Welby Pugin (1834-1875)was the eldest son of Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, a famous architect & designer of Gothic architecture. ...

Drawings of 1840 show Pugin working on the windows of the Great Hall, and designing the series of attractive and humorous carvings that ornament the bosses on its exterior. This vast room was planned as a banqueting hall, and so the bosses all show scenes concerned with eating and drinking. In the same year Pugin made designs for the main staircase and staircase roof. The previous lack of this apparently vital feature would not have disturbed Charles Scarisbrick’s comfort, as there are two spiral staircases leading from the Oak Room and the North Library in the West Wing to his bedroom suite above.

In 1841 Pugin was engaged in designing the leaded windows of the Library. There is a range of very attractive geometric patterns in the leading of casements at Scarisbrick. The original effect must have been rich, as they were finished with gilding.

After this there comes a gap in the dated drawings. Pugin’s work was in demand from other clients, and although he continued to work at Scarisbrick until at least 1845, the first impetus was gone and Charles Scarisbrick’s generosity seems to have been wearing thin. From 1844 onwards Pugin was involved in the tremendous task of designing the interior decoration and furniture for the new Houses of Parliament. He was also keeping up his own busy architectural practice and finding time to write more books. Once asked why he kept no clerk to help him, Pugin replied: “Clerk, my dear sir, clerk, I never employ one. I should kill him in a week.” Instead, Pugin wore himself out, and died in 1852.

In such a short life it is remarkable that Pugin had managed to influence the course of architecture and design so strongly. Through his writings he could justly claim that he had “revolutionised the taste of England.” At Scarisbrick Hall he had been given his first real opportunity to put his ideas into practice, and the result must have justified Charles Scarisbrick’s expectations completely.

St Mary's College, Oscott

In 1837 he made the acquaintance of the authorities of St Mary's College, Oscott, Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire where his fame as a writer had preceded him. He found there men in sympathy with his ideas about art and religion. The president, Rev. Henry Weedall, was so impressed by him, that he accepted his services for the completion of the new chapel and for the decorations of the new college, which was opened in 1838. He designed the apse with its effective groinings, the stained glass of the chancel windows, the decorated ceiling, the stone pulpit, and the splendid Gothic vestments. He constructed the reredos of old wood-carvings brought from the Continent, he placed the Limoges enamels on the front of the super-altar, he provided the 17th century confessional, altar rails, and stalls, the carved pulpit (from St Gertrude's, Louvain), the finest in England, as well as the ambries and chests of the sacristy (see "The Oscotian", July, 1905). He built both lodges and added the turret called "Pugin's night-cap" to the tower. Above all he inspired superiors and students with an ardent enthusiasm for his ideals in Gothic art, liturgy, and the sacred chant. Tradition points out the room in which on Saturday afternoons he used to instruct the workmen from Hardman's, Birmingham, in the spirit and technic of their craft. The president appointed him Professor of Ecclesiastical Antiquities (1838-44). While at the "Old College" he gave his lectures in what is now the Orphans' Dining Room, and at the new college in a room which still bears in the inscription "Architectura". This association with one of the leading Catholic colleges in England afforded him valuable opportunities for the advancement of his views.

Palace of Westminster

Much discussion has arisen concerning the claims of Pugin to the credit of having designed the Houses of Parliament at Westminster. The old Palace of Westminster had been destroyed by fire in 1834; plans for the new buildings were invited, and those of Charles Barry (afterwards Sir Charles) received the approval of the Commissioners from among some eighty-four competitors. The first stone of the new erection was laid in 1840 and Queen Victoria formally opened the two houses in 1852. At the outset Barry called in Pugin (1836-37) to complete his half-drawn plans, and he further entrusted to him the working plans and the entire decoration (1837-52). Pugin himself wrote: Barry's great work was immeasurably superior to any that I could at the time have produced, and had it been otherwise, the Commissioners would have killed me in twelve months (i.e. by their opposition and interference). Pugin's biodgrapher Rosemary Hill (God's Architect: Pugin & the Building of Romantic Britain (2007)) demonstrates that, although Barry designed the building as a whole, and was the only man capable of coordinating such a large scale project and dealing with its difficult paymasters, Barry relied entirely on Pugin for its distinctive Gothic interiors, wallpapers, and furnishings, including the royal thrones and the clock tower of Big Ben, which is very close in form to earlier Pugin designs, including one for Scarisbrick Hall. Big Ben was Pugin's last design until his descent into madness and death. Of it, probably his best known construction, he wrote, "I never worked so hard in my life for Mr Barry for tomorrow I render all the designs for finishing his bell tower & it is beautiful" (Hill, op cit, p 482). Westminster is a district within the City of Westminster in London. ... “Houses of Parliament” redirects here. ... The Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster, Barrys most famous building. ... Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. ...

Writings

The influence he wielded must be ascribed as much to his vigorous writings and exquisite designs as to any particular edifice which he erected. His Contrasts (1836) placed him at once ahead of the pioneers of the day. His "Glossary" (1844), so brilliant a revival in form and colour, produced nothing short of a revolution in church decoration. Scarcely less important were his designs for Furniture (1835), for Iron and Brass Work (1836), and for Gold and Silversmiths (1836) to which should be added his Ancient Timber Houses of the XVth and XVIth Centuries (1836), and his latest architectural work on Chancel Screens and Rood Lofts (1851). Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 419 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (816 × 1167 pixels, file size: 95 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This book, folio, actually, was published in the USA in 1927 - it was a reprint of something much older, and the 1927 edition did not... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 419 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (816 × 1167 pixels, file size: 95 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This book, folio, actually, was published in the USA in 1927 - it was a reprint of something much older, and the 1927 edition did not...

Besides the above elaborately illustrated productions, many other explanatory and apologetic writings, especially his lectures delivered at Oscott (see Catholic Magazine, 1838, April and foll.) gave powerful expression to the message he had to deliver. As closely allied with his idea of the restoration of constructive and decorative art, he brought out a pamphlet on the chant: An Earnest Appeal for the Revival of the Ancient Plain Song (1850). It is worthy of mention that some of his earliest drawing appears in the volumes published by his father (Examples of Gothic Architecture, 1821, 226 plates; Architectural Antiquities of Normandy, 1828, 80 plates; Gothic Ornaments, England and France, 1831, 91 plates). Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ...

"Architectural genius"

In knowledge of medieval architecture and in his insight into its spirit and form, he stood above all his contemporaries. As a draughtsman he was without a rival. The success of his career is to be sought not so much in the buildings he erected, which, being mostly for the Catholic body, were nearly always shorn of their chief splendour by the poverty of his patrons. He invented now new forms of design, though he freely used the old; his instinct led him to art as such, but to the Gothic embodiment of art, which seemed to him the only true form of Christian architecture. He lacked the patience and breadth of the truly great mind, yet he may justly claim to rank as the architectural genius of the century. His unquestioned merit is the restoration of architecture in England and the revival of the forms of medieval England, which since his day have covered the land. Queen Victoria granted his widow a pension of £100 a year, and a committee of all parties founded the Pugin Travelling Scholarship (controlled by the Royal Institute of British Architects) as the most appropriate memorial of his work and a partial realisation of the project which he had brought forward in his Apology for the Revival of Christian Architecture in England (1843).

Pugin and the Earl of Shrewsbury

SS Peter and Paul, Newport, Shropshire, designed by Augustus Pugin.

Pugin had a long term professional relationship with John Talbot, the 16th Earl of Shrewsbury. It was an interesting combination of minds for both architect and patron were Roman Catholic converts: Pugin, a wealthy gentleman architect from the upper middle class, and Talbot, the richest noble in the land. It was, to all intents and purposes, a business partnership made in heaven for the furtherance of God’s kingdom here on earth. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1360 × 2048 pixels, file size: 922 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) SS Peter and Paul, Newport, Shropshire. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (1360 × 2048 pixels, file size: 922 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) SS Peter and Paul, Newport, Shropshire. ... The Earl of Shrewsbury is the senior Earl on the Roll in the Peerage of England (the more senior Earldom of Arundel being held by the Duke of Norfolk). ...

Pugin's genius fused with the Catholic fervour and finance of the Talbots, and peppered Staffordshire with churches, convents and schools of medieval splendour and magnificence. Pugin, the medieval dreamer and set designer of Victorian Gothic found in John Talbot not only a friend but also a collaborator. The building programme was certainly led by Talbot as patron, with Pugin as his master-craftsman. Indeed, it has overtones of the rapport between Edward III and Henry Yevele, in the 14th century and of Henry VII and his master builder, John Wastell of Bury St Edmunds, in the 15th century. Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ... Edward III King of England Edward III (13 November 1312–21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English Kings of medieval times. ... Henry Yevele (c. ... Henry VII (January 28, 1457 – April 21, 1509), King of England, Lord of Ireland (August 22, 1485 – April 21, 1509), born Henry Tudor was the first monarch of the Tudor dynasty. ... , Bury St Edmunds is a town in the county of Suffolk, England, and was formerly the county town of West Suffolk. ...

The list of buildings erected by the Talbot–Pugin partnership in Staffordshire during the twelve years between 1836 and 1848 is formidable: St Mary’s, Uttoxeter; the Hospital of St John, Alton Castle and Alton Towers; St Giles’ Church, School and Presbytery, Cheadle; St Joseph’s Convent, also in Cheadle; St Wilfrid’s, Cotton; St Mary’s, Brewood. Fourteen buildings in all. Alton Towers is one of the United Kingdoms most famous theme parks. ... Cheadle is a small market town near the centre of England with a population of around 15000. ...

Pugin and Australasia

St Francis Xavier's Church, Berrima, New South Wales, designed by Augustus Pugin.

The first Catholic bishop of New South Wales, Australia, John Bede Polding, met Pugin and was present when St Chad's Cathedral in Birmingham and St Giles' Church, Cheadle were officially opened. Polding persuaded Pugin to design a series of churches for him. Although a number of churches do not survive, in particular none in Sydney, St Francis Xavier's in Berrima, New South Wales is regarded as a fine example of a Pugin church. Pugin's legacy in Australia, is particularly of the idea of what a church should look like: Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 587 KB) Summary Berrima, New South Wales, Australia - St Francis Xaviers Church designed by Augustus Pugin. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 587 KB) Summary Berrima, New South Wales, Australia - St Francis Xaviers Church designed by Augustus Pugin. ... “NSW” redirects here. ... John Bede Polding OSB (18 November 1794 – 16 March 1877) was the first Roman Catholic bishop and archbishop of Sydney Australia. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... Berrima is a village in the Southern Highlands district on the old Hume Highway between Canberra and Sydney, Australia, and is now popular with visitors from both cities, especially on weekends. ...

Pugin's notion was that Gothic was Christian and Christian was Gothic, ... It became the way people built churches and perceived churches should be. Even today if you ask someone what a church should look like, they'll describe a Gothic building with pointed windows and arches. Right across Australia, from outback towns with tiny churches made out of corrugated iron with a little pointed door and pointed windows, to our very greatest cathedrals, you have buildings which are directly related to Pugin's ideas.^[3]

After his death A.W. Pugin's two sons; E.W. Pugin and Peter Paul Pugin, continued operating their father's architectural firm under the name Pugin and Pugin. This work includes most of the "Pugin" buildings in Australia and New Zealand. (Image) Edward Welby Pugin (1834-1875)was the eldest son of Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, a famous architect & designer of Gothic architecture. ...

Later years

The Grange in Ramsgate was designed by Pugin for his own use.

During this period he did much of his best work in writing, teaching, and structural design. Although at different times he had visited France and the Netherlands either alone, or in the company of the Earl of Shrewsbury, he did not visit the great cities of Italy until 1847. The ecclesiastical buildings of Rome sorely disappointed him; but he had his compensation in the gift from Pope Pius IX of a splendid gold medal as a token of approval, which gratified Pugin more than any event in his life. His second wife having died in 1844, he married in 1848 Jane, daughter of Thomas Knill of Typtree Hall, Herefordshire, by whom he had two children. In the meantime he had removed from Laverstock, and after a temporary residence at Cheyne Walk, Chelsea (1841), he took up his residence at Ramsgate, Kent living first with his aunt, Miss Selina Welby, who made him her heir, and then in the house called St Augustine's Grange,^[4] which, together with a church, he had built for himself. Of these he said that they were the only buildings in which his designs had not been curtailed by financial conditions. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 597 pixelsFull resolution (2832 × 2112 pixels, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 597 pixelsFull resolution (2832 × 2112 pixels, file size: 2. ... The Earl of Shrewsbury is the senior Earl on the Roll in the Peerage of England (the more senior Earldom of Arundel being held by the Duke of Norfolk). ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... Herefordshire is a historic and ceremonial county and unitary district (known as County of Herefordshire) in the West Midlands region of England. ... Statue of Thomas More on Cheyne Walk. ... See also Ramsgate (disambiguation) for other places with this name. ... Augustine of Canterbury (birth unknown, died May 26, 604) was the first Archbishop of Canterbury, sent to Ethelbert of Kent, Bretwalda (ruler) of England by Pope Gregory the Great in 597. ...

Under a presentiment of approaching death, of which he had an unusual fear, he went into retreat in 1851, and prepared himself by prayer and self-denial for the end. At the close of the year his mind became affected and early in 1852 he was placed in the asylum commonly called Bedlam, in St George's Fields, Lambeth. At the urgent request of his wife and in opposition to the wishes of the rest of his friends, he was removed from the asylum, first to the Grove, Hammersmith, where after six weeks' care his condition had improved to such an extent that it was possible for him to return to Ramsgate; but two days after he reached home he had a fatal stroke. Look up Bedlam in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Lambeth is a place in the London Borough of Lambeth. ... Hammersmith is an urban centre in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham in West London, England, approximately 5 miles (8km) west of Charing Cross on the north bank of the River Thames. ...

A.W.N. Pugin died, at the age of 40, on 14 September 1852 as a result, not of insanity, but probably of the effects of mercury poisoning.^[5] is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... It has been suggested that Acrodynia be merged into this article or section. ...

Pugin's legacy extends far beyond his own architectural designs. He was responsible for popularising a style and philosophy of architecture that reached into every corner of Victorian life. He influenced writers like John Ruskin, and designers like William Morris. His ideas were expressed in private and public architecture and art throughout Great Britain and beyond. Upper: Steel-plate engraving of Ruskin as a young man, made circa 1845, scanned from print made circa 1895. ... This page is about William Morris, the writer, designer and socialist. ...

List of Pugin's principal buildings in England

House designs, with approximate date of design and current condition

• St Marie’s Grange, Alderbury 1835 – altered; a private house

• Derby presbytery 1838 - demolished

• Scarisbrick Hall from 1837 – largely intact; a school

• Uttoxeter presbytery 1838 – largely intact; in use

• Keighley presbytery 1838 – altered; in use

• Bishop’s House, Birmingham 1840 – demolished

• Warwick Bridge presbytery – intact with minor alterations; in use

• Clergy House, Nottingham 1841 – largely intact; in use

• Garendon Hall scheme 1841 – not executed

• Bilton Grange 1841 – intact; now a school

• Oxenford Grange farm buildings 1841 – intact; private house and farm

• Cheadle presbytery 1842 – largely intact; now a private house

• Woolwich presbytery 1842 – largely intact; in use

• Brewood presbytery 1842 – largely intact; in use

• St Augustine’s Grange (“The Grange”), Ramsgate 1843 – under restoration

• Alton Castle 1843 – intact; a Catholic youth centre

• Oswaldcroft, Liverpool 1844 – altered; a residential home

• Dartington Hall scheme 1845 - unexecuted

• Lanteglos-by-Camelford rectory 1846 – much altered; an hotel

• Rampisham rectory 1846 – unaltered; private house

• Woodchester Park scheme 1846 - unexecuted

• Fulham presbytery 1847 – intact; in use

• Wilburton Manor House 1848 – largely intact; a school

Institutional designs , Shepshed, often known until 1888 as Sheepshed[1], (also Sheepshead - a name derived from the village being well involved in the wool industry) is a town in Leicestershire, England with a population of around 14,000 people. ...

• Convent of Mercy, Bermondsey 1838 – destroyed

• Mount St Bernard’s Abbey 1839 – largely intact; in use

• Downside Abbey schemes 1839 & 1841 - unexecuted

• Convent of Mercy, Handsworth 1840 – largely intact; in use

• St John’s Hospital, Alton 1841 – intact; in use

• Convent of St Joseph, school and almshouses, Chelsea 1841; altered; a school

• Convent of Mercy, Liverpool 1841 & from 1847 - demolished

• Spechley school and schoolmaster’s house 1841 – intact, now a private house

• Balliol College, Oxford, scheme 1843 – unexecuted

• Ratcliffe College 1843 – partially executed; largely intact; in use

• Liverpool Orphanage 1843 – demolished

• Magdalen College School, Oxford, schemes 1843-4 - unexecuted

• Convent of Mercy, Nottingham 1844 – altered; private flats

• Mercy House and cloisters, Handsworth 1844-5 – cloisters intact; otherwise destroyed

• Cotton College 1846 – derelict

• St Anne’s Bedehouses, Lincoln, 1847 – intact; in use

• Convent of the Good Shepherd, Hammersmith, 1848 – demolished

• Convent of St Joseph’s, Cheadle 1848 – largely intact; private house

• Major Ecclesiastical Designs

• St James’, Reading 1837 – altered

• St Mary’s, Derby 1837 – altered

• Oscott College Chapel 1837-8 – extant

• Our Lady and St Thomas of Canterbury, Dudley 1838 – altered

• St Anne’s, Keighley 1838 – altered and extended

• St Alban’s, Macclesfield 1838 – extant

• St Benedict Abbey (Oulton Abbey) Stone Staffs complete and in use

• St Marie’s, Ducie Street, Manchester 1838 – not executed

• St Augustine’s, Solihull 1838 – altered and extended

• St Marie’s, Southport 1838 – altered

• St Marie’s, Uttoxeter 1839 – altered

• St Wilfred’s, Hulme (Manchester) 1839 – extant

• Chancel of St John’s Banbury 1839 – extant

• St Chad’s, Birmingham 1839 – extant

• St Giles’, Cheadle 1840 – extant

• St Oswald’s, Liverpool 1840 – only tower remains

• St George’s, Southwark 1840 – almost entirely rebuilt

• Holy Trinity, Radford 1839 – extant

• Our Lady and St Wilfred, Warwick Bridge 1840 – extant

• St Marie’s, Brewood 1840 – extant

• St Marie’s, Liverpool 1841 – demolished

• St Augustine’s, Kenilworth 1841 – extant

• St Marie’s, Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1841 – extant, with tower by C. Hansom

• St Barnabas’, Nottingham 1841 – extant

• St Marie’s, Stockton-on-Tees, 1841 – extant

• Jesus Chapel, Ackworth Grange, Pontefract 1841 – demolished

• St John the Evangelist, Kirkham 1842 – altered

• St Peter’s, Woolwich 1842 – extended

• St Winifrede’s, Shepshed 1842 – now a private house

• SS Peter and Paul, Albury Park 1842 – extant

• Our Lady and St Thomas, Northampton 1844 – demolished

• St Marie’s, Wymeswold (restoration) 1844 – extant

• St Wilfred’s, Cotton 1844 – largely abandoned

• St Peter’s, Marlow 1845 – extant

• St Augustine’s, Ramsgate 1845 – extant

• St Marie’s, Rugby 1845 – much added to

• St Lawrence’s, Tubney 1845 – extant

• St Edmund’s College chapel, Old Hall Green 1846 – extant

• St Marie’s, West Tofts 1845 – disused and inaccessible

• St Thomas of Canterbury, Fulham 1847 – extant

• St Osmond’s, Salisbury 1847 – much added to

• Chancel of St Oswald’s, Winwick 1847 – extant

• Erdington Abbey, Birmingham 1848

• Chapel restoration, Jesus College, Cambridge 1849 – extant

• Rolle Mortuary Chapel, Bicton Grange, Bicton 1850 – extant

and of the Balliol College College name Balliol College Named after John de Balliol Established 1263 Sister college St Johns College, Cambridge Master Andrew Graham JCR President Helen Lochead Undergraduates 403 MCR President Chelsea Payne Graduates 228 Location of Balliol College within central Oxford , Homepage Boatclub Balliol College (pronounced... Erdington Abbey Church is the more usual name of the church of Saints Thomas and Edmund of Canterbury. ...

See also

• Mintons Ltd
• John Dibblee Crace

Mintons Ltd, a major international ceramics manufacturing company, originated with Thomas Minton (1765-1836) the founder of Thomas Minton and Sons, who established his pottery factory in Stoke-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, England, in 1793, producing earthenware and from 1798 bone china. ... John Dibblee Crace (1838 – 18 November 1919) was a distinguished British interior designer, who provided decorative schemes for the British Museum, the National Gallery,[1] the Royal Academy and Longleat among many other notable buildings. ...

References

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Sources

• Michael Fisher, Alexandra Wedgwood, Pugin-Land: A W N Pugin, Lord Shrewsbury and the Gothic Revival in Staffordshire, Stafford Fisher, 2002.
• Rachel Hasted, Scarisbrick Hall – A Guide, Social History at Lancashire County Museum Service, 1984.
• Rosemary Hill, Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin: A Biographical Sketch, in A.W.N. Pugin: Master of Gothic Revival, Yale University Press, New Haven and London 1995.
• Rosemary Hill. God's Architect: Pugin and the Building of Romantic Britain. Allen Lane, 2007. ISBN 9780713994995
• A. Pugin and A.W. Pugin, Gothic Architecture selected from various Ancient Edifices in England, Vol. 1 and Vol. 2, J.R. Jansen, Carlton Building, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, 1927 (these were first published in five volumes between 1821 and 1838)

External links

• Pugin Society
• Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin 1812-1852, A comprehensive overview of Pugin's life with nearly 400 images
• New Advent Catholic encyclopaedia, Pugin entry
• St Giles' Roman Catholic Church, Cheadle, Staffordshire with 360° images of the interior
• [1]