NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Australia Day

Australia Day is the official national day of Australia, which commemorates the establishment of a settlement and penal colony at Port Jackson by Captain Arthur Phillip, who later became the first Governor.^[1] Australia Day is celebrated on 26 January annually, and has been declared as an official public holiday in all states and territories of Australia. Known also as Anniversary Day or Foundation Day, Australia Day is widely considered to be an important day in the history of Australia. Bounty Day is celebrated on Pitcairn Island on January 23rd, in commemoration of the burning of HMAV Bounty by the mutineers in 1790. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... National flag and state ensign. ... Australian Aborigines are the indigenous peoples of Australia. ... Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ... The First Fleet is the name given to the 11 ships which sailed from Great Britain on May 13, 1787 to establish the first European colony in New South Wales. ... â€œSydney Harbourâ€ redirects here. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Insignia of a Companion of the Order of Australia. ... The Australian of the Year Awards commenced in 1960. ... ANZAC Day is commemorated by Australia and New Zealand on 25 April every year to remember members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who in the Battle of Gallipoli landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War I. ANZAC Day is also a public holiday in the... â€œThe Great War â€ redirects here. ... It has been suggested that National holiday be merged into this article or section. ... A penis colony is a colony used to detain prisoners and generally use them for penal labor in an economically underdeveloped part of the states (usually colonial) territories, and on a far larger scale than a prison farm. ... â€œSydney Harbourâ€ redirects here. ... Admiral Arthur Phillip RN (11 October 1738 â€“ 31 August 1814) was a British naval officer and colonial administrator. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The word holiday has related but different meanings in English-speaking countries, with the exception of the United States where usage differs greatly. ... The states and territories of Australia make up the Commonwealth of Australia under a federal system of government. ... The history of Australia began when people first migrated to the Australian continent from the north, at least 40,000-45,000 years ago. ...

On Australia Day, the winner of the Australian of the Year award is announced by the Prime Minister; the award is given to any Australian citizen who has shown a "significant contribution to the Australian community and nation", and is an "inspirational role model for the Australian community".^[2] Subcategories of the award include "Young" and "Senior Australian of the Year", and award for the "Australian Local Hero". The Australian of the Year Awards commenced in 1960. ... Judicial High Court Lower Courts Constitution State and territory governments Executive Governors and Administrators Premiers and Chief Ministers Legislative Parliaments and Assemblies State electoral systems ACT - NSW - NT - Qld. ...

Recorded celebrations date back to 1808, and in 1818, Governor Lachlan Macquarie held the first official celebration of Australia Day.^[3] In 2004, an estimated 7.5 million people attended Australia Day celebrations and functions across the country.^[3] See also: 1807 in Australia, other events of 1808, 1809 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... See also: 1817 in Australia, other events of 1818, 1819 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... Major General Lachlan Macquarie, Governor of New South Wales Major-General Lachlan Macquarie CB (31 January 1762[1] â€“ 1 July 1824), British military officer and colonial administrator, served as Governor of New South Wales from 1810 to 1821 and had a leading role in the social, economic and architectural development... See also: 2003 in Australia, other events of 2004, 2005 in Australia See also: 2004 Australian incumbents Australian legislative election, 2004 // Incumbents Prime Minister - John Howard Governor General - Michael Jeffery Premier of New South Wales - Bob Carr Premier of South Australia - Mike Rann Premier of Queensland - Peter Beattie Premier of...

History

26 January 1788 was the date on which the First Fleet, under Captain Arthur Phillip arrived at Sydney Cove and set up the Colony of New South Wales. By 26 January 1808, the day that the New South Wales Corps arrested Governor Bligh in the Rum Rebellion, it was being celebrated as 'First Landing' or 'Foundation Day'. In 1818 (the 30th anniversary) Governor Macquarie had a 30-gun salute at Dawes Point and gave government workers a holiday^[4] - a tradition that was soon followed by banks and other public offices. is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... See also: other events of 1788, 1789 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... The First Fleet is the name given to the 11 ships which sailed from Great Britain on May 13, 1787 to establish the first European colony in New South Wales. ... Admiral Arthur Phillip RN (11 October 1738 â€“ 31 August 1814) was a British naval officer and colonial administrator. ... See also: 1807 in Australia, other events of 1808, 1809 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... The New South Wales Corps (also known as the Rum Corps and the Botany Bay Rangers) were the first foot soldiers to serve in Australia, in the then colony of New South Wales. ... William Bligh in 1814 Vice-Admiral William Bligh, FRS (9 September 1754 â€“ 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator. ... A contemporary propaganda cartoon of Blighs arrest produced to show Bligh as being a coward The Rum Rebellion of 1808 was the only successful (if only temporarily so) armed takeover of government in Australias recorded history. ... See also: 1817 in Australia, other events of 1818, 1819 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... Major General Lachlan Macquarie, Governor of New South Wales Major-General Lachlan Macquarie CB (31 January 1762[1] â€“ 1 July 1824), British military officer and colonial administrator, served as Governor of New South Wales from 1810 to 1821 and had a leading role in the social, economic and architectural development... Dawes Point is an inner-city suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ...

In 1888 all colonial capitals (with the exception of Adelaide) celebrated 'Anniversary Day' and by 1935 all states of Australia were celebrating 26 January as Australia Day (although it was still known as Anniversary Day in New South Wales). See also: 1887 in Australia, other events of 1888, 1889 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... See also: 1934 in Australia, other events of 1935, 1936 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The 1938 sesquicentenary (150th anniversary) of British settlement in New South Wales in 1788 was widely celebrated. Preparations began in 1936 with the formation of a Celebrations Council. In that year, New South Wales was the only state to abandon the traditional long weekend and the annual Anniversary Day public holiday was held on the actual anniversary day - Wednesday 26 January.^[5] See also: 1937 in Australia, other events of 1938, 1939 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... â€œNSWâ€ redirects here. ...

In 1946 the Commonwealth and State governments agreed to unify the celebrations on 26 January as 'Australia Day', although the public holiday was instead taken on the Monday closest to 26 January.^[1] See also: 1945 in Australia, other events of 1946, 1947 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Since 1994 all states and territories have taken the Australia Day public holiday on 26 January.^[1] See also: 1993 in Australia, other events of 1994, 1995 in Australia See also: 1994 Australian incumbents // Queen of Australia - HM Queen Elizabeth II Governor General - Bill Hayden Prime Minister - Paul Keating Premier of New South Wales - John Fahey Premier of South Australia - Dean Brown Premier of Queensland - Wayne Goss... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Celebrations

Australia Day is a national public holiday. For some years the holiday was held on the closest Monday, to provide a long weekend. It is now held on the actual anniversary, with that day being the public holiday. Image File history File links Australia-Day-banner. ... South Bank entrance to the South Bank Parklands near the Queensland Performing Arts Centre (photo taken during 2005) South Bank Parklands, opened to the public on 20 June 1992, is an area of parkland created on the site of Expo 88, which was held in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. ... For other uses, see Brisbane (disambiguation). ... Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Motto(s): Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Quentin Bryce Premier Anna Bligh (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 28 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product ($m) $158,506 (3rd... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2337x919, 576 KB) Photograph taken by VirtualSteve. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2337x919, 576 KB) Photograph taken by VirtualSteve. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1294x835, 405 KB) Summary Photo taken (26th Jan 2006) and supplied by Nachoman-au. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1294x835, 405 KB) Summary Photo taken (26th Jan 2006) and supplied by Nachoman-au. ... 2006 Skyworks from the Applecross foreshore. ... Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... For other uses, see Holiday (disambiguation). ...

The National Australia Day Council (NADC) is the coordinating body for the Australian of the Year Awards and Australia Day celebrations across the nation. The NADC heads a network of state and territory Australia Day affiliate organisations and local Australia Day committees. The coordinating body for the Australian of the Year Awards and Australia Day celebrations across the nation is the National Australia Day Council (NADC). ...

Australia Day is marked by civic celebrations around the country, including the Order of Australia and Australian of the Year awards for outstanding achievement. Air Force aerial displays are held in some capital cities. In Sydney the ferry race and tall ships race has become tradition, along with a surfing race across the harbour. Insignia of a Companion of the Order of Australia. ... The Australian of the Year Awards commenced in 1960. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ...

Citizenship ceremonies are also held on Australia Day. The Australia Day Achievement Medallion is awarded to citizens based on excellence in both government and non-government organisations. Customarily, the Prime Minister will make an address to the nation. â€œCitizenâ€ redirects here. ... Judicial High Court Lower Courts Constitution State and territory governments Executive Governors and Administrators Premiers and Chief Ministers Legislative Parliaments and Assemblies State electoral systems ACT - NSW - NT - Qld. ...

Fireworks celebrations are held in many towns and cities around the country. The Perth Lotterywest Skyworks display is billed as the largest Australia Day celebration in the country, with more than a third of the city's population (around 500,000 estimated for the 2006 Skyworks) lining the river foreshore for the display. Location of Perth within Australia This article is about the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia. ... 2006 Skyworks from the Applecross foreshore. ...

The Australian music scene enjoys a significant event on Australia Day - the Triple J Hottest 100. The Sydney leg of the Big Day Out music festival has also traditionally occurred on Australia Day, however in 2007, the date was moved to 25 January due to the flag ban controversy at the event. There is also often a one day cricket match such as the 2006 Australia Day match in Adelaide. In Canberra the Australia Day Live Concert takes place where the Australian of the Year is announced. Australian music is the music originating from the country of Australia. ... Double J redirects here. ... The Triple J Hottest 100 is an annual music poll, based on the votes of Australian youth radio station Triple J listeners, in order to determine their favourite song of the year. ... The Big Day Out (BDO) is an annual music festival that tours Australia and New Zealand which originated in Sydney in 1992. ... is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Big Day Out (BDO) is an annual music festival that tours Australia and New Zealand which originated in Sydney in 1992. ... The VB Series is the current name for the international cricket tournament held in the height of the Australian cricket season, i. ... Australia Day Live was first launched in 2004 in celebration of Australia Day. ...

Suggested changes to the date

Some have suggested making ANZAC Day Australia's national day, or changing to 1 January, commemorating 1 January 1901 when Australia's six colonies federated into one nation. Each of the alternatives raised also poses problems — ANZAC Day because many war veterans believe that it is their day, and that it is also a public holiday in New Zealand, Cook Islands, Niue, Samoa and Tonga, while 1 January is already a public holiday and is in the middle of the Christmas holiday season. ANZAC Day is commemorated by Australia and New Zealand on 25 April every year to remember members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who in the Battle of Gallipoli landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War I. ANZAC Day is also a public holiday in the... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Many supporters of the continued use of Australia Day as Australia's national day point out that 26 January commemorates an actual historical event, similar to ANZAC Day, Bastille Day in France, Canada Day in Canada, Independence Day in the United States, and Republic Day in various nations. is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... ANZAC Day is commemorated by Australia and New Zealand on 25 April every year to remember members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who in the Battle of Gallipoli landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War I. ANZAC Day is also a public holiday in the... For the Battlestar Galactica episode, see Bastille Day (Battlestar Galactica). ... Canada Day (French: FÃªte du Canada) is Canadas national holiday, marking the establishment of Canada as a self-governing Dominion on July 1, 1867. ... Fourth of July redirects here. ... Republic Day is the name of a public holiday in several countries to commemorate the day when they first became republics. ...

Criticism and alternative celebrations

To some Aboriginal Australians and sympathisers, the idea of celebrating the anniversary of the arrival of the British has been seen as incongruous with the adverse effects British settlement had on Australia's indigenous people. The sesquicentenary celebrations in 1938 were accompanied by an Aboriginal Day of Mourning and Protest. Another large protest in 1988 led to yearly "Invasion Day" protests marking the loss of indigenous culture.^[6] The anniversary is also known as "Survival Day" and marked by events such as the Survival Day concert first held in Sydney in 1992, celebrating the fact that the indigenous people and culture have not been completely wiped out.^[7] Image File history File links Emblem-important. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Proclamation of the Day of Mourning. ...

In response, official celebrations have tried to include indigenous people, holding ceremonies such as the Woggan-ma-gule ceremony honouring the past and celebrating the present in Sydney in 2006, involving the New South Wales Governor and Indigenous Australians. Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... Her Excellency Professor Marie Roslyn Bashir, AC, CVO (born 1930) is the current Governor of New South Wales and Chancellor of the University of Sydney. ...

Australia Day is also treated with ambivalence by those who consider the anniversary of the founding of one colony not relevant to Australia as a whole.^{[citation needed]} Some Western Australians point out that Western Australia was not even claimed by Britain until 19 September 1829. The importance of Australia Day as a national event is downplayed by a portion of Australians as a cultural cringe ^{[citation needed]}. Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person... is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Cultural cringe, in cultural studies and social anthropology, is an internalized inferiority complex which causes people in a country to dismiss their own culture as inferior to the cultures of other countries. ...

References

^ ^a ^b ^c History of Australia Day. National Australia Day Council. Retrieved on 2007-01-27.
^ Selection criteria. National Australia Day Council. Retrieved on 2007-10-29.
^ ^a ^b Australia Day History. Australia Day Council of New South Wales. Retrieved on 2007-10-29.
^ Sydney Gazette, 24 January 1818 (quoted in More Pig Bites Baby! Stories from Australia's First Newspaper, volume 2, ed. Micahel Connor, Duffy and Snellgrove, 2004, ISBN 1-876631-91-0)
^ Australia Day - History. Australia Day Council of New South Wales (2005). Retrieved on 2006-07-06.
^ 'Invasion Day' protesters highlight injustice. ABC news. Retrieved on 2007-01-29.
^ Significant Aboriginal Events in Sydney. Sydney City Council website. Retrieved on 2007-01-29.

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Sydney Gazette was the first published newspaper in Australia. ... is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The ABC or Australian Broadcasting Corporation is the national, Australia. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The City of Sydney comprises the central business district and surrounding Inner West suburbs of the greater metropolitan area of Sydney, Australia. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Categories: Articles needing additional references from January 2007 | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since January 2007 | Articles with unsourced statements since May 2007 | National days | Public holidays in Australia | January observances Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

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