In mainland Australia, the keeping of standard time is divided into three time zones: Australian Eastern Standard Time EST/AEST (UTC+10), Australian Central Standard Time CST/ACST (UTC+9:30) and Australian Western Standard Time WST/AWST (UTC+8). There are also some areas using a time unofficially known as Australian Central Western Standard Time (UTC+8:45). Most Australian external territories also observe different time zones (see below). A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... UTC+10 time zone Australia (AEST—Australian Eastern Standard Time) Australian Capital Territory**, New South Wales** (except Broken Hill, which observes South Australia time), Queensland, Tasmania** (which observes DST starting on the first weekend of October instead of the last), Victoria** Guam (Chamorro Standard Time via US Law) Federated States... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7...

Time zones

Australian time zones during standard time

The standardisation of time in Australia began in 1892, when surveyors from the Australian colonies gathered in Melbourne for the Intercolonial Conference of Surveyors. The delegates accepted the recommendation of the 1884 International Meridian Conference to adopt Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) as the basis for standard time, and in line with common practice in other parts of the world, devised a system of time zones with offsets in multiples of one hour from GMT. The colonies enacted legislation to this effect, which took effect in February 1895. Western Australia led GMT by 8 hours, South Australia by 9 hours, and Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania by 10 hours. The three time zones became known as Western, Central and Eastern Standard Time. Image File history File links Australia-Timezones-Standard. ... Image File history File links Australia-Timezones-Standard. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Prime Meridian, Greenwich The Prime Meridian is the meridian (line of longitude) passing through the Royal Greenwich Observatory, Greenwich, England; it is the meridian at which longitude is 0 degrees. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries not observing daylight saving Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in England. ... Time Zone is also a historical computer game. ... Emblems: Floral - Kangaroo Paw (Anigozanthos manglesii); Mammal - Numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus); Bird - Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) Motto: none Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Const. ... Emblems: Hairy Nosed Wombat (faunal); Leafy Seadragon (marine); Piping Shrike (bird: unofficial); Sturts Desert Pea (floral); Opal (gemstone) Motto: United for the Common Wealth Slogan or Nickname: Festival State Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Government Const. ... Emblems: Faunal - Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus); Floral - Cooktown orchid (Dendrobium bigibbum); Bird - Brolga (Grus rubicunda); Aquatic - Barrier Reef Anemonefish (Amphiprion akindynos); Gem - Sapphire; Colour - Maroon Motto: Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Const. ... Capital Sydney Government Const. ... Emblems: Pink heath (floral)Weedy Seadragon (Aquatic) helmeted honeyeater (bird) Leadbeaters possum (faunal) Motto: Peace and Prosperity Slogan or Nickname: Garden State, The Place To Be, On The Move Other Australian states and territories Capital Melbourne Government Const. ... Emblems: Flora - Tasmanian Blue Gum; Mineral - Crocoite Motto: Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Slogan or Nickname: The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Const. ...

In May 1899, South Australia moved its standard time to GMT+9:30. Though widespread at the time, non-integer number of hours offset has at times been subject to criticism, with unsuccessful proposals in 1986 and 1994 to adopt GMT+10 or revert to GMT+9 in South Australia. 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Emblems: Hairy Nosed Wombat (faunal); Leafy Seadragon (marine); Piping Shrike (bird: unofficial); Sturts Desert Pea (floral); Opal (gemstone) Motto: United for the Common Wealth Slogan or Nickname: Festival State Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Government Const. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...

Since that time, the only major change has been the adoption of Central Standard Time in Broken Hill, New South Wales, and the use of GMT+10:30 on Lord Howe Island. This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Lord Howe Island showing Mts Lidgbird and Gower. ...

The Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory maintained the standard time zones of their parent states (New South Wales and South Australia) when they separated from them in 1910 and 1911. Emblems: The floral emblem of the ACT is the Royal Bluebell and the faunal emblem is the Gang-gang cockatoo Motto: For the Queen, the Law and the People Slogan or Nickname: (none) Other Australian states and territories Capital Canberra Government Const. ... Capital Darwin Government Const. ... 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ...

Anomalies

The town of Broken Hill, in far-western New South Wales, follows South Australian time. This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Capital Sydney Government Const. ... Emblems: Hairy Nosed Wombat (faunal); Leafy Seadragon (marine); Piping Shrike (bird: unofficial); Sturts Desert Pea (floral); Opal (gemstone) Motto: United for the Common Wealth Slogan or Nickname: Festival State Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Government Const. ...

Some towns on the Eyre Highway in the south-east corner of Western Australia, between the South Australian border almost as far as Caiguna, do not follow official Western Australian time. Instead, they use what is unofficially known as Central Western Standard Time, which was originally halfway between Western and Central time--UTC+8:45. The area maintained its fixed offset from UTC when daylight saving time was introduced in South Australia. Now that Western Australia is also observing DST on a trial basis, the Central Western area is also setting its clocks ahead an hour during local summer. Named for Edward John Eyre the Eyre Highway is a highway linking Western Australia and South Australia. ... Emblems: Floral - Kangaroo Paw (Anigozanthos manglesii); Mammal - Numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus); Bird - Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) Motto: none Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Const. ... John Eyre Motel, Caiguna Caiguna () is located on the Eyre Highway in Western Australia, some 1090 km east of Perth. ...

Towns following this zone include Madura, Mundrabilla, Eucla and Border Village in South Australia. The total population of the area is estimated at 200. Border sign Madura (; post code: 6443) is a small roadhouse community located on the Eyre Highway in Western Australia, on the Nullarbor Plain. ... Mundrabilla Roadhouse Mundrabilla is located on the Eyre Highway in Western Australia, some 1360 km east of Perth. ... Eucla is the easternmost town in Western Australia. ...

The Indian Pacific train has its own time zone - a so-called "train time" when traveling between Kalgoorlie and Port Augusta which was UTC+9 hours during November 2005 when daylight saving was observed in the east. This is because of the 2 1/2 hour difference in times between South Australia and Western Australia. Fresh from the launch of the new Indian Pacific livery on 24th September, NR 28 hauls the Indian Pacific out of Perth (through Maylands) on Wednesday, 28th September 2005. ... Kalgoorlie is a Western Australian city located about 600 km east of Perth. ... Port Augusta (population 15,250) is a town in South Australia. ... Japan Standard Time Korea Standard Time External links Find cities currently in UTC+9 Category: ...

External territories

Australia's many external territories follow their own time zones. Only two follow daylight saving time.

UTC +5 is the timezone for : Pakistan Standard Time in Pakistan. ... UTC+7 is used in: Laos Thailand Cambodia Vietnam External links Find cities currently in UTC+7 Category: ... Orthographic projection over Macquarie Island Macquarie Island lies in the Southern Ocean, about half-way between Australia and Antarctica. ... UTC+10 time zone Australia (AEST—Australian Eastern Standard Time) Australian Capital Territory**, New South Wales** (except Broken Hill, which observes South Australia time), Queensland, Tasmania** (which observes DST starting on the first weekend of October instead of the last), Victoria** Guam (Chamorro Standard Time via US Law) Federated States... as non DST time Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae, Pohnpei, and surrounding area New Caledonia Russia Kuril Islands* Magadan Oblast* Sakha Republic* (eastern portion) Solomon Islands Vanuatu as DST Australia (Australian Eastern Daylight Time) Australian Capital Territory** New South Wales** Tasmania** (where daylight saving time starts on the first weekend... Lord Howe Island showing Mts Lidgbird and Gower. ... The Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT) is the part of Antarctica claimed by Australia. ... Mawson Station from the air. ... UTC +6 is the timezone for : Bhutan Time Generic UTC+6 in other countries. ... Davis Station is a permanent base in Antarctica managed by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD). ... Casey Station is a permanent base in Antarctica managed by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD). ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7...

Daylight saving

Australian time zones during daylight saving time (for the 2006-07 through 2008-09 summer periods)

South Australia, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and Tasmania observe daylight saving time on a permanent basis. This has resulted in three time zones becoming five for half the year. South Australia follows Australian Central Daylight Time (ACDT, UTC+10:30) and the south eastern states follow Australian Eastern Daylight Time (AEDT, UTC+11). Image File history File links Australia-Timezones-Daylight-2007-09. ... Image File history File links Australia-Timezones-Daylight-2007-09. ... Daylight saving time (also called DST, or Summer Time) is the local time a region is designated for a portion of the year, usually an hour forward from its standard official time. ...

Western Australia is operating daylight saving time in a trial period from the summer of 2006-2007 until summer 2008-2009, after which a referendum will be held to determine if it should be put in place permanently. During daylight saving, time in Western Australia is one hour ahead of Western Standard Time (so it will be UTC+9) Ballots of the Argentine plebiscite of 1984 on the border treaty with Chile A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ...

Of the states that observe daylight saving, most begin on the last Sunday in October at 2:00 am local standard time, and end on the last Sunday in March at 3:00 am local daylight saving time. An exception to this is the island state of Tasmania, which (due to its southern latitude) begins daylight saving earlier, on the first Sunday in October at 2:00 am local standard time. Also, in 2006 only, Western Australia starts on December 3. Latitude, usually denoted symbolically by the Greek letter φ, gives the location of a place on Earth north or south of the Equator. ...

Debate over daylight saving

Public opinion of daylight saving in Queensland is divided. The Queensland-New South Wales border area is heavily populated and as a result businesses are inconvenienced by the difference in time. Generally, the urban south east corner would prefer daylight saving, and the rural towns and farming regions elsewhere are against it. South East Queensland is the region of the State of Queensland, Australia that contains most of that states population. ...

This is to be expected, given that seasonal differences in daylight become more pronounced as one gets further away from the equator.

Western Australia has also had much debate over daylight saving, with the issue being put to referendum three times in 1975, 1984 and 1992, being defeated all three times. Daylight saving has been trialled in the state on various occasions. The government of Western Australia has passed legislation to trial daylight saving for a fourth time beginning December 3, 2006 and lasting three years, at the end of which a referendum would be held to decide the final fate of daylight saving in the state. The Daylight Saving Bill (No. 2) 2006 was passed in the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of Western Australia on October 31, 2006 and in the Legislative Council on November 21. This timeframe allowed only 12 days for computer systems administrators, and operating system manufacturers, to test, release and install a patch. Emblems: Floral - Kangaroo Paw (Anigozanthos manglesii); Mammal - Numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus); Bird - Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) Motto: none Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Const. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... This article is about the year 1984. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... December 3 is the 337th (in leap years the 338th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2006 (MMVI), a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ballots of the Argentine plebiscite of 1984 on the border treaty with Chile A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... The Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of parliament in the Australian state of Western Australia. ... The Parliament of Western Australia consists of the Western Australian Legislative Council, the Western Australian Legislative Assembly and the Governor of Western Australia. ... October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI), a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Legislative Council, or upper house, is one of the two chambers of parliament in the Australian state of Western Australia. ... November 21 is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Special events

In 2000, all states that normally observe Eastern Daylight Time over summer — New South Wales, Victoria, the Australian Capital Territory and Tasmania — started daylight saving early, due to the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. These states changed on the 27 August 2000. South Australia did not change until the regular time, which that year was on the 29 October 2000. This article is about the year 2000. ... The 2000 Summer Olympics or the Millennium Games/Games of the New Millennium, officially known as the Games of the XXVII Olympiad, were the Summer Olympic Games held in 2000 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ... August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... October 29 is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 2000. ...

In 2006, all states that followed daylight saving time (the above listed states plus South Australia) delayed the return to their respective Standard Times by a week, due to the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne. Daylight saving ended on 2 April 2006. 2006 (MMVI), a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 2006 Commonwealth Games were held in Melbourne, Australia between March 15 and March 26. ... Melbournes Yarra River is a popular area for walking, jogging, cycling, rowing and for relaxing on the banks with a picnic Melbourne (pronounced ) is the second most populous city in Australia, with a metropolitan area population of approximately 3. ... April 2 is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 273 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI), a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Accuracy and standards

Although Australia has maintained a version of the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) atomic time scale since the 1990s, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) remained the basis for the standard time of all states until 2005. In November 2004, the Attorneys General endorsed a proposal from the Australian National Measurement Institute to adopt UTC as the basis of all Australian standard times, thereby eliminating the effects of slight variations in the Earth's rotation rate that are inherent to mean solar time. New South Wales and Victoria enacted legislation to this effect, commencing on 1 September 2005. Other states are expected to follow. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC - see below for explanation) is a high-precision atomic time standard. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries not observing daylight saving Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in England. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Solar time is based on the idea that, when the sun reaches its highest point in the sky, it is noon. ... Capital Sydney Government Const. ... Emblems: Pink heath (floral)Weedy Seadragon (Aquatic) helmeted honeyeater (bird) Leadbeaters possum (faunal) Motto: Peace and Prosperity Slogan or Nickname: Garden State, The Place To Be, On The Move Other Australian states and territories Capital Melbourne Government Const. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

• The Australian National Time System National Standards Commission Leaflet No. 8, January 2003. Linked via Wayback machine
• NSW Legislative Council Hansard, 2 March 2005
• Daylight Saving Petitions
• Daylight Saving Time History of daylight saving time implementation dates at the Bureau of Meteorology website.

Internet Archive headquarters, San Francisco The Internet Archive (archive. ...

External links

• http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia-13time