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Jerome's "Authentic" Gospel of Matthew
One account of a life and teachings ascribed to Jesus was written by a person whom the church fathers identified as the Apostle Matthew. The earliest known Gospel of Matthew is written in Greek, and no copy survives indicating an earlier version. Jerome, a Church Father, says that there was an early version of Matthew called the Gospel of the Hebrews which Jerome says most people refer to as the Authentic Gospel of Matthew (Jerome's Commentary on Matthew ch. 2). Jerome states it was written in Aramaic, and he believed it to be apostolic and authoritative, writing about it extensively, thus preserving much of the text. Alternate meanings: See Apostle (Mormonism), The Apostle (1997 movie) The Twelve Apostles (in Greek απόστολος apostolos = someone sent forth/sent out, an emissary) were probably Jewish men (10 names are Aramaic, 4 names are Greek) chosen from among the disciples, who were sent forth by Jesus of Nazareth to preach the...
The Gospel of Matthew (literally: according to Matthew, Grk: kata Maththaion) is one of the four Gospel accounts of the New Testament. ...
, by Albrecht Dürer Jerome (about 340 - September 30, 420), (full name Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus) is best known as the translator of the Bible from Greek and Hebrew into Latin. ...
The Church Fathers or Fathers of the Church are the early and influential theologians and writers in the Catholic Church, particularly those of the first five centuries of Christian history. ...
, by Albrecht Dürer Jerome (about 340 - September 30, 420), (full name Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus) is best known as the translator of the Bible from Greek and Hebrew into Latin. ...
Aramaic is a Semitic language with a four-thousand year history. ...
However, an overwhelming majority of modern scholars think that Jerome was simply mistaken, conflating three quite distinct but closely related works - the Gospel of the Hebrews, Gospel of the Ebionites, and Gospel of the Nazarenes. Jerome states that these three are the same, even though he saw them at different times, as they were held at the library at Caesarea, the Nazarene community in Beroea, and the Ebionite community, respectively, relying only on his memory and prior quotes to make the claim. Other Church Fathers quote from something called the 'Gospel of the Hebrews' (in Greek) but do not identify it with the gospel of Matthew, agreeing with the vast majority of modern academia. The Gospel of the Hebrews (see About titles below), is a lost gospel that is only preserved in a few quotations in the Panarion of Epiphanius, a church writer who lived at the end of the 4th century AD, who goes on to say that. ...
The Gospel of the Ebionites is a text sharing an affinity with the Gospel of the Hebrews and the Gospel of the Nazarenes. ...
This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, etc. ...
Caesarea Palaestina, also called Caesarea Maritima, a town built by Herod the Great about 25 - 13 BC, lies on the sea-coast of Israel about halfway between Tel Aviv and Haifa, on the site of a place previously called Pyrgos Stratonos (Strato or Stratons Tower, in Latin Turris Stratonis). ...
Nazarene refers to certain sects of Jewish Christians. ...
Old Town Aleppo viewed from the Citadel Aleppo is also the name of two townships in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. ...
The Ebionites (from Hebrew; Ebionim, the poor ones) were a sect of Judean followers of John the Baptizer and later Jesus (Yeshua in Aramaic) which existed in Judea and Palestine during the early centuries of the Common Era. ...
Matthew and Aramaic Eusebius (EH3.39.14-16), writing much later, cites an earlier writer, Papius, who claims that Matthew originally wrote 'in the Hebrew style/dialect'. Eusebius then goes on to say that Papius was 'a man of exceedingly small intelligence' (Hist. Eccl. 3.39.13). Even if Papius was correct, it could merely mean that Papius is claiming that Matthew wrote in Hebrew or (more plausibly) Aramaic, or it could simply be a reference to the Jewish style of Matthew. Other scholars agree with Eusebius' assessment of Papius. Papias was also quoted by Irenaeus, making the same claim as Epiphanius, that the Apostle Matthew wrote his gospel in a Hebrew script, Epiphanius adding that none of the other parts of the New Testament originated in Hebrew. Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by 6 million people mainly in Israel, parts of the Palestinian territories, the United States and by Jewish communities around the world. ...
Aramaic is a Semitic language with a four-thousand year history. ...
Papias (working in the 1st half of the 2nd century) was one of the early leaders of the Christian church, canonized as a saint. ...
Saint Irenaeus (c. ...
Epiphanius (clearly manifested) was the name of several early Christian scholars and ecclesiastics: Epiphanius of Salamis, bishop of Salamis in Cyprus, died 410, author of Panarion Epiphanius of Constantinople, died 535, Patriarch of Constantinople 520—535 Epiphanius Scholasticus, known only as the assistant of Cassiodorus who compiled the Historiae Ecclesiasticae...
Modern theory of the origin of the canonical Gospel of Matthew According to the modern theory to solve the synoptic problem, known as the two source hypothesis, the canonical Gospel of Matthew was based on the Gospel of Mark, the Q document, together with elements in neither of those, collectively known as the M Source. Although it is possible that the M Source is connected to the Gospel of the Hebrews, Gospel of the Ebionites, and Gospel of the Nazarenes, which Jerome conflates into one Authentic Gospel of Matthew, the vast majority of scholars consider this highly unlikely, as the quotes from these texts indicate that they are heavily reliant on the gospel of Mark (see Markan priority) and the Q document. The synoptic problem concerns the literary relationship between and among the first three canonical gospels (the Gospels of Mark, Matthew, and Luke), known as the synoptic gospels. ...
The Two-Source Hypothesis is the most commonly accepted solution to the synoptic problem among biblical scholars, which posits that there are two sources to Gospel of Matthew and Gospel of Luke: the Gospel of Mark and a lost, hypothetical sayings collection called Q. The Two-Source Hypothesis was first...
The Gospel of Mark is the second in the familiar sequence of the New Testament Gospels, as they were established by Jerome and appear in many but not all early manuscripts of complete gospels, and as they are commonly printed. ...
The Q document or Q (Q for German Quelle, source) is a postulated lost textual source for the Gospel of Matthew and Gospel of Luke. ...
Markan priority is the hypothesis that the Gospel of Mark was the first written of the three Synoptic Gospels, and that the two other synoptic evangelists, Matthew and Luke, used Marks Gospel as one of their sources. ...
References - Burnett Hillman Streeter, The Four Gospels : A Study of Origins
- P. Parker, The Gospel Before Mark
- R. Brown, The Birth of the Messiah
External links Online translations of the Gospel of Matthew: The Gospel of Matthew (literally: according to Matthew, Grk: kata Maththaion) is one of the four Gospel accounts of the New Testament. ...
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