Avhustyn Voloshyn (Ukrainian: Августин Волошин, 1874–1945) was a Subcarpathian politician, teacher, and essayist. He was president of independent Carpatho-Ukraine, which existed for a few days in 1939. Carpathian Ruthenia (Ukrainian Карпатська Русь, Karpatska Rus ) or Carpatho-Ukraine or Carpathian Ukraine is a name for a small part of Central Europe that was part of the Kingdom of Hungary (since 1526 under Habsburg rule). ... A politician is an individual involved in politics to the extent of holding or running for public office. ... A teachers room in a Japanese middle school, 2005. ... An essayist is an author who writes compositions which can be about any particular subject. ... Carpatho-Ukraine (Ukrainian: , Karpats’ka Ukrayina) was an autonomous region within Czechoslovakia from late 1938 to March 15, 1939. ...

Voloshyn was born in 1874 in Kelesin, Subcarpathia (province of Hungary). He studied at Uzhhorod School of Theology and at Budapest University. He became a Greek Catholic priest, from 1924 a Papal chamberer. He was professor of mathematics at Uzhhorod Teacher Institute from 1900 to 1917. In 1918, he became head of the Subcarpathian National Council, which in 1919 begged Czechoslovakia to confederate Subcarpathia into Czechoslovakia. This was realised in Autumn 1919. In 1925, he was voted as MP in Houses of Parliament in Prague. In October 1938, he was the head of the Subcarpathian Autonomous Region. During the total destruction of Czechoslovakia by Hitler's Germany, he tried to preserve Subcarpathian independence and became president of Carpatho-Ukraine for a few days (March 14, 1939) with the help of the rest of the Czechoslovakian army, which was fighting against the Hungarians, allies of Hitler. On March 19, 1939, the last Czechoslovakian troops retreated to the Romanian Kingdom's border, which was Czechoslovakia's ally. Subcarpathia was occupied by Hungary. Greek Catholic Cathedral in Uzhhorod Uzhhorod (Ukrainian and Russian: Ужгород; in Ruthenian: Уґоград;Slovak and Czech: Užhorod; Hungarian: Ungvár; German: Ungwar; Yiddish: אונגװיר, Ungvir, Ingver, Yngvyr) is a city in Ukraine, at the border with Slovakia. ... Nickname: Paris of the East, Pearl of the Danubeor Queen of the Danube Motto: Official website: www. ... The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC), also known as the Ukrainian Catholic Church, is one of the successor Churches to the acceptance of Christianity by Grand Prince Vladimir the Great (Ukrainian Volodymyr) of Kiev (Kyiv), in 988. ... Prague (Czech: Praha, see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... Map of the Zakarpattia Oblast of Ukraine Carpathian Ruthenia, Transcarpathian Ruthenia, or Subcarpathia (Ukrainian: Karpats’ka Rus’, Slovak: Podkarpatská Rus, Hungarian: Kárpátalja) is a small region of Central Europe located in western Ukraine, today mostly in Ukraines Zakarpattia Oblast (Ukrainian: Zakarpats’ka oblast’) and easternmost Slovakia, mostly... Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889 – April 30, 1945, standard German pronunciation in the IPA) was the Führer (leader) of the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party) and of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. ... Carpatho-Ukraine (Ukrainian: , Karpats’ka Ukrayina) was an autonomous region within Czechoslovakia from late 1938 to March 15, 1939. ... From 1859 to 1877, Romania evolved from a personal union of two principalities (Moldavia and Wallachia) under a single prince to a full-fledged kingdom with a Hohenzollern monarchy. ...

Voloshyn fled to Prague, where he lived as a private person. In March 1945, the Soviet Red Army occupied Subcarpathia, set the Subcarpathians under communist dictatorship, and annexed Subcarpathia to Soviet Ukraine. The leftist government of Czechoslovakia did nothing against this. The Subcarpathians were robbed of their citizenship of Czechoslovakia, became "Russians," and many were arrested and sent into gulags and concentration camps in the USSR. Private property in Subcarpathia was confiscated and the land collectivised. Prague (Czech: Praha, see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... Soviet redirects here. ... The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (in Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya), the armed forces first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ... State motto: Пролетарі всіх країн, єднайтеся! Official language None. ... Gulag (Russian: ГУЛАГ (help· info)) is an acronym for Главное Управление Исправительно—Трудовых Лагерей и колоний, Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagerey i kolonii, The Chief Directorate [or Administration] of Corrective Labour Camps and Colonies of the NKVD. Anne Applebaum, in her book Gulag: A History, explains: Literally, the word GULAG is an acronym, meaning Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei, or... A concentration camp is a large detention centre created for political opponents, aliens, specific ethnic or religious groups, civilians of a critical war-zone, or other groups of people, often during a war. ... Collective farming is an organizational unit in agriculture in which peasants are not paid wages, but rather receive a share of the farms net output. ...

When Soviet troops occupied Prague in May 1945, Avhustyn Voloshyn was kidnapped by the KGB and taken to Soviet Russia. He died in July 1945 in the prison of Butirki in Moscow, along with many other people kidnapped from Czechoslovakia by the Soviet secret service. The KGB emblem and motto: The sword and the shield KGB (transliteration of КГБ) is the Russian-language abbreviation for State Security Committee, (Russian: (help· info); Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti). ... Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: (help· info)) is the capital of Russia and the countrys principal political, economic, financial, educational and transportation center, located on the river Moskva. ...

See also

• First Vienna Arbitration.
• Vienna Awards.

The First Vienna Award was the result of the First Vienna Arbitration of 2 November 1938, which took place in Vienna in the Belvedere Castle on the eve of World War II. By the award, arbiters from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy tried to achieve a non-violent way to... Vienna Awards or Vienna Arbitration Awards or Vienna Arbitral Awards or Vienna Diktats or Viennese Arbitrals are various names for two arbitral awards (1938 and 1940) by which arbiters of National Socialist Germany and Fascist Italy sought to enforce peacefully the territorial claims of Revisionist Hungary, ruled by Regent Admiral...

References

• Tomeš, Josef. Biografický slovník Vol. III.