Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan) is a country in the Caucasus, at the crossroads of Europe and Southwest Asia, with a coast on the Caspian Sea. It has frontiers with Russia in the north, Georgia in the northwest, Armenia in the west and southeast and southwest, and Iran in the south. The Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic (an exclave of Azerbaijan) borders Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and Turkey to the northwest. The Entholinguistic patchwork of the modern Caucasus - CIA map The Caucasus, a region bordering Asia Minor, is located between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea which includes the Caucasus Mountains and surrounding lowlands. ... A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, covering around 10,790,000 km² (4,170,000 sq mi) or 2. ... Southwest Asia (PDF) Southwest Asia (often called the Middle East) is the southwestern part of Asia. ... Caspian Sea viewed from orbit The Caspian Sea or Mazandaran Sea is a landlocked endorheic sea between Asia and Europe (European Russia). ... National motto: none Official language Azerbaijani Capital Nakhichevan (city) President Heydar Aliyev Prime Minister Artur Rasizade Area  - Total  - % water 5,500 km² negligible Population  - Total 310,000 Establishment  - Declared  - Recognition 1991 recognized internationally only as part of Azerbaijan Currency Azerbaijani Manat Time zone  - in summer EET (UTC+4) EEST (UTC... D is Bs exclave, but is not an enclave. ...

The country’s formal name is the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası). Azerbaijan is a secular state, and has been a member of the Council of Europe since 2001. A majority of the population are Shia Muslim and of Western Turkic descent, known as Azerbaijanis, or simply Azeris. The country is formally an emerging democracy, however with strong authoritarian rule. The Palace of Europe in Strasbourg The Council of Europe is an international organisation of 46 member states in the European region. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Shiʻa Islam (Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite) makes up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%–35% of all Muslim. ... Turkic peoples are Northern and Central Eurasian peoples who speak languages belonging to the Turkic family, and who, in varying degrees, share certain cultural and historical traits. ... Azerbaijanis or Azerbaijani Turks, are a Muslim people who number more than 25 million worldwide. ... This article applies to political ideologies. ...

Azərbaycan Respublikası
Republic of Azerbaijan

Flag Coat of Arms
Motto: none
Anthem: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Dövlət Himni
Capital	Baku 40°22′ N 49°53′ E
Largest city	Baku
Official languages	Azerbaijani
Government President Prime Minister	Representative democracy Ilham Aliyev Artur Rasizade
Independence  - Declared  - Formerly	From the Soviet Union August 30, 1991 Azerbaijan SSR
Area  • Total  • Water (%)	86,600 km² (112th) negligible
Population  • 2005 est.  • 2000 census  • Density	7,911,974 (91st) N/A 90/km² (81st)
GDP (PPP)  • Total  • Per capita	2004 estimate $37,841,000,000 (87th) $4,500 (112th)
HDI ({{{HDI_year}}})	{{{HDI}}} ({{{HDI_rank}}}) – {{{HDI_category}}}
Currency	Manat (AZM)
Time zone  • Summer (DST)	(UTC+4) (UTC+5)
Internet TLD	.az
Calling code	+994

Image File history File links Azerbaijan_flag_large. ... Coat of Arms of Azerbaijan public Other version at Image:Azerbaijan coa large. ... Flag Ratio 1:2 The flag of Azerbaijan consists of three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), red, and green; a white crescent and an eight-pointed star are centered in the red band. ... Azerbaijan mixes traditional and modern symbols. ... This page lists state and national mottos for the worlds independent states and their subdivisions. ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is formally recognized by a countrys government as their states official national song. ... National Anthem of the Republic of Azerbaijan (AzÉ™rbaycan Respublikasının DövlÉ™t Himni in Azeri) is the national anthem of Azerbaijan, and the original title of this anthem is March of Azerbaijan (AzÉ™rbaycan marşı). The words was written by poet Ahmed Javad, and the melody was... This country locator map was created by Vardion and is released into the public domain. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... Satellite view of Baku The Baku harbour on the south of Absheron peninsula The Maiden Tower in old town Baku Bakı (Azeri: Bakı, Russian: Баку), also known as Baku, is the capital of Azerbaijan. ... Demographics of Azerbaijan, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. ... Satellite view of Baku The Baku harbour on the south of Absheron peninsula The Maiden Tower in old town Baku Bakı (Azeri: Bakı, Russian: Баку), also known as Baku, is the capital of Azerbaijan. ... An official language is a language that is given a unique legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ... The country of Azerbaijan is a presidential republic, with the President of Azerbaijan as the head of state, and the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan as head of government. ... Representative democracy is a form of democracy and theory of civics in which voters choose (in free, secret, multi-party elections) representatives to act in their interests, but not as their proxies—i. ... Ilham Heydar oglu Aliyev (Azerbaijani in full: Ä°lham HeydÉ™r oÄŸlu Əliyev) (born December 24, 1961) has been president of Azerbaijan for the New Azerbaijan Party since 2003. ... Artur Tahir oÄŸlu RasizadÉ™ (born 1935) is the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan. ... August 30 is the 242nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (243rd in leap years), with 123 days remaining. ... 1991 (MCMXCI) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... State motto: Бүтүн өлкәләрин пролетарлары, бирләшин! Official language None. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 km² and 10,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... This is a list of sovereign states and other territories by population, estimated for the year 2005. ... List of countries/dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The figures in the following table are based on areas including inland water bodies (lakes, reservoirs, rivers). ... In economics, purchasing power parity (PPP) is a number used to compare the standard of living of two countries. ... 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... These are two lists of countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product (GDP), the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. ... This is a list of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita for the year of 2004, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year, divided by the average population for... World map indicating HDI of nation-states, 2003. ... 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of countries by Human Development Index, as included in the United Nations Development Programme Report 2005. ... The manat is the currency unit of Azerbaijan. ... ISO 4217 is an international standard describing three letter codes to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... Time zones are areas of the Earth that have adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Daylight saving time (also called DST) is the North American term for a system intended to save daylight (the British observe summer time, and likewise the Europeans). ... Coordinated Universal Time or UTC, also sometimes referred to as Zulu time or Z, is an atomic realization of Universal Time (UT) or Greenwich Mean Time, the astronomical basis for civil time. ... Coordinated Universal Time or UTC, also sometimes referred to as Zulu time or Z, is an atomic realization of Universal Time (UT) or Greenwich Mean Time, the astronomical basis for civil time. ... The following is a list of currently existing Internet Top-level domains (TLDs). ... .az is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Azerbaijan. ... // At a glance In depth Zone 1 – North American Numbering Plan Area nanpa. ...

Origin and history of the name

There are several hypotheses regarding the origins of the name "Azerbaijan." The most common theory is that it is derived from "Atropatan." Atropat was the satrap at the time of the Persian Achaemenid dynasty, and gained independence after Alexander the Great destroyed the Achaemenids. The region was known as Media Atropatia or Atropatene at the time. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Achaemenid empire at its greatest extent The Achaemenid Dynasty (Hakamanishiya in the Old Persian (Avestan ??) language - transliterated Hakamanshee in Modern Persian) - was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire. ... Alexander the Great fighting the Persian king Darius (Pompeii mosaic, from a 3rd century BC original Greek painting, now lost). ... Azerbaijan or Azerbeijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan, Azərbeycan) is a country in the Caucaus region, adjacent to the Caspian Sea. ...

There are also alternative opinions that the term is a slight Turkification of Azarbaijan, in turn an Arabicized version of the original Persian name Azarpayagan, made up of azar+payag+an (azar=fire; payag=base; an=suffix of location); that it traditionally means "the land of eternal flames" or "the land of fire." Some Azeri historians also contend that the name is made up of four Azerbaijani components: az+er+bay+can, which means "the land of the brave Az people" or "an elevated place for the wealthy and exalted."

Historically, the territory of the present-day Azerbaijan Republic has been called Arran, named after Arran, a legendary founder of Caucasian Albania. However, the precise location identified by this name has shifted somewhat over time, currently referring to the lowland Karabakh plains situated between the Kura and Araks rivers. Aran giving it this name created difficulties in the first half of the 20th century and in the succeeding years, and these cannot be ignored. ... Ancient countries of Caucasus: Armenia, Iberia, Colchis and Albania Caucasian Albania (or Aghbania) was an ancient state that covered what is now southern Dagestan and most of todays Azerbaijan of the Caucasus. ... Kura (Georgian Mtkvari, Azerbaijani Kür) is a river in the Caucasus Mountains. ... Aras, Araks, Arax, Araxes, or Araz (Persian: ارس, Azerbaijani: Araz), is a river rising in Anatolia in Turkey, flowing along the Turkey-Armenia border, then along the Iran border, entering Azerbaijan, and falling into Kura river as a right tributary. ...

Some opponents of the name Azerbaijan assert that it is anachronistic to use it in a historical context before 1918, because, they say, the term was first introduced by the national intelligentsia in early 20th century and later was endorsed by the Bolsheviks, with intention of claiming the northern province of Persia. To substantiate this claim they state that till early 20th century the population of present-day Azerbaijan had no clear ethnic identification and referred to themselves primarily as "Muslims." (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...

History

Main article: History of Azerbaijan This is just the correct side of the history of Azarbaijan. ...

Historically Azeri people belong to Turks, which include Uzbeks, Turkmens, Kyrgizs and other nations, who were living in territories from Pacific Ocean till Black Sea.

The first state to emerge in the territory of present-day Republic of Azerbaijan was Mannae in the 9th century BC, lasting until 616 BC when it was overthrown by the Medes. The satrapies of Atropatene and Caucasian Albania were established in the 4th century BC and included the approximate territories of present-day Azerbaijan and southern parts of Dagestan. The Mannaeans were an ancient people of Asia Minor, occupying the region East of Assyria and South-East of Urartu, in present-day North-West Iran. ... The Medes were an Iranian people, who lived in the western and north-western portion of present-day Iran. ... Ancient countries of Caucasus: Armenia, Iberia, Colchis and Albania Caucasian Albania (or Aghbania) was an ancient state that covered what is now southern Dagestan and most of todays Azerbaijan of the Caucasus. ... (5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - other centuries) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) // Events Invasion of the Celts into Ireland Battle of the Allia and subsequent Gaulish sack of Rome 383 BCE Second Buddhist Councel at Vesali. ... The Republic of Dagestan (Russian: ), older spelling Daghestan, is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ...

Islam spread in Azerbaijan following the Arab conquests in the 7th–8th centuries. In the 11th century, the Seljuk Turks became the dominant force in Azerbaijan and laid the ethnic foundation of contemporary Azerbaijanis. In the 13–14th centuries, the country experienced Mongol-Tatar invasions. Islām is described as a dÄ«n, meaning way of life and/or guidance. Six articles of belief There are six basic beliefs shared by all Muslims: 1. ... // Events Islam starts in Arabia, the Quran is written, and Syria, Iraq, Persia, North Africa and Central Asia convert to Islam. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. ... The Seljuk Turks (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq; in Turkish Selçuklu; in Arabic سلجوق SaljÅ«q, or السلاجقة al-Salājiqa; in Persian سلجوقيان SaljÅ«qiyān) were a major branch of the Oghuz Turks... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right}. It is housed in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was that century which lasted from 1301 to... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... Tatar dance - Tatar (left) fighting with the soldier of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (right). ...

Azerbaijan was part of the Safavid state in 15th–18th centuries. It also underwent a brief period of feudal fragmentation in the mid-18th to early 19th centuries, and consisted of independent khanates. Following the two wars between the Qajar dynasty of Persia and the Russian Empire, Azerbaijan was acquired by Russia through the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813, and the Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828. The Safavid Empire at its 1512 borders. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... The Qajar dynasty was the ruling family of Persia from 1796 to 1925. ... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of Russian history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start... Gulistan Peace Treaty of 1813, a peace treaty between imperial Russia and Persia, signed on October 24 (November 5) in a village of Gulistan in Karabakh at the end of the Russo-Persian War of 1804-1813. ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Treaty of Turkmenchay (also Turkmenchai, Torkamanchay) was signed on February 10, 1828 between Persia (now Iran) and Russia. ... 1828 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

After the collapse of the Russian Empire during World War I, Azerbaijan declared independence and established the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. This first Muslim republic in the world lasted only two years, from 1918 to 1920, before the Soviet Red Army invaded Azerbaijan. Subsequently, Azerbaijan became part of the Soviet Union. World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machine guns, and poison gas. ... Flag of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (1918-1920). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1920 (MCMXX) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Soviet redirects here. ... Red Army flag The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya in Russian), the armed forces organised by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ...

Azerbaijan re-established its independence upon the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite a cease-fire in place since 1994, Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict with Armenia over the predominantly ethnic Armenian Nagorno-Karabakh region. Azerbaijan has lost 16% of its territory including Karabakh, and must support some 800,000 refugees and internally displaced persons as a result of the conflict. 1991 (MCMXCI) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... An armistice is the effective end of a war, when the warring parties agree to stop fighting. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ... Power lines leading to a trash dump hover just overhead in El Carpio, a Nicaraguan refugee camp in Costa Rica Under international law, a refugee is a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her...

Politics

Main article: Politics of Azerbaijan ...

Azerbaijan is a presidential republic. The head of state and head of government are separate from the country’s law-making body. The people elect the president for a five-year term of office. The president appoints all cabinet-level government administrators. A fifty-member national assembly makes the country’s laws. The people of Azerbaijan elect the National Assembly. Azerbaijan has universal suffrage above the age of eighteen. However, the Azerbaijani government has been accused of widespread corruption (a kleptocracy, according to some people), as well as rigging parliamentary and presidential elections. The President of the United States visits the President of the Philippines. ... This article needs copyediting (checking for proper English spelling, grammar, usage, tone, style, and voice). ... The country of Azerbaijan is a presidential republic, with the President of Azerbaijan as the head of state, and the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan as head of government. ... A Cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of government, typically representing the executive branch. ... The National Assembly is the name of either a legislature, or the lower house of a bicameral legislature in some countries. ... Universal suffrage (also general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of suffrage, or the right to vote, to all adults, without distinction as to race, sex, belief or social status. ... Kleptocracy (sometimes Cleptocracy) (root: Klepto+cracy = rule by thieves) is a pejorative, informal term for a government so corrupt that no pretense of honesty remains. ...

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is divided into: 59 rayons (rayonlar; rayon - singular), 11 cities* (saharlar; sahar - singular), 1 autonomous republic** (muxtar respublika); All listed are rayons (with Rayonu after their name) unless otherwise noted. ...

Azerbaijan is divided into:

• 59 rayons (rayonlar; rayon – singular),
• 11 cities* (şəhərlər; şəhər – singular),
• 1 autonomous republic** (muxtar respublika);

Absheron Rayonu, Agjabedi Rayonu, Agdam Rayonu, Agdash Rayonu, Agstafa Rayonu, Agsu Rayonu, Ali Bayramli Sahari*, Astara Rayonu, Baku Sahari*, Balakan Rayonu, Barda Rayonu, Beylaqan Rayonu, Bilasuvar Rayonu, Jabrayil Rayonu, Calilabad Rayonu, Dashkasan Rayonu, Davaci Rayonu, Fizuli Rayonu, Gadabay Rayonu, Ganja Sahari*, Goranboy Rayonu, Goychay Rayonu, Hajigabul Rayonu, Imishli Rayonu, Ismayilli Rayonu, Kalbajar Rayonu, Kurdamir Rayonu, Lachin Rayonu, Lankaran Rayonu, Lankaran Sahari*, Lerik Rayonu, Masalli Rayonu, Mingechevir Sahari*, Naftalan Sahari*, Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic**, Neftchala Rayonu, Oguz Rayonu, Gabala Rayonu, Gakh Rayonu, Gazakh Rayonu, Gobustan Rayonu, Guba Rayonu, Gubadly Rayonu, Gusar Rayonu, Saatli Rayonu, Sabirabad Rayonu, Sheki Rayonu, Sheki Sahari*, Salyan Rayonu, Shamakhy Rayonu, Shamkir Rayonu, Samux Rayonu, Siyazan Rayonu, Sumqayit Sahari*, Shusha Rayonu, Shusha Sahari*, Tartar Rayonu, Tovuz Rayonu, Ujar Rayonu, Khachmaz Rayonu, Khankendi Sahari*, Khanlar Rayonu, Khizi Rayonu, Khojaly Rayonu, Khojavend Rayonu, Yardimli Rayonu, Yevlakh Rayonu, Yevlakh Sahari*, Zangilan Rayonu, Zagatala Rayonu, Zardab Rayonu. A city is an urban area, differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. ... In its final decades of its existence, the Soviet Union consisted of 15 Soviet Socialist Republics (SSR), often called simply Soviet republics. ... Apsheron (Abseron Yasaqligi) is a peninsula and a Rayon in eastern Caucasus in the historical region of Arran. ... Agcabadi is a rayon in central Azerbaijan. ... Agdam is a rayon in southwestern Azerbaijan. ... Agdas is a rayon in central Azerbaijan. ... Agstafa is a rayon in northwestern Azerbaijan. ... Agsu is a rayon in central Azerbaijan. ... Əli Bayramlı is a sahar of Azerbaijan. ... Astara is also the name of a rayon in Azerbaijan, see Astara, Azerbaijan Astara is a city in the Iranian province of Gilan. ... Satellite view of Baku The Baku harbour on the south of Absheron peninsula The Maiden Tower in old town Baku Bakı (Azeri: Bakı, Russian: Баку), also known as Baku, is the capital of Azerbaijan. ... Balakan is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Beylaqan is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Bilasuvar is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Cabrayil is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Calilabad is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Daskasan is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Davaci is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Fizuli is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Gadabay is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Ganja (Azeri: GÉ™ncÉ™) is Azerbaijans second largest city. ... Goranboy is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Goycay is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Haciqabul is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Imisli is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Ismayilli is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Kalbacar is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Kurdamir is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Lacin is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Lankaran is a sahar (city) in Azerbaijan. ... Lankaran is a sahar (city) in Azerbaijan. ... Lerik is a town and rayon in southern Azerbaijan, near the Iranian border. ... Masalli is a rayon of Azerbaijan Republic. ... Mingaçevir, sometimes spelled Mingechevir, is the fourth-biggest city in Azerbaijan with a population of about 100,000. ... Naftalan is a sahar (city) in Azerbaijan. ... National motto: none Official language Azerbaijani Capital Nakhichevan (city) President Heydar Aliyev Prime Minister Artur Rasizade Area  - Total  - % water 5,500 km² negligible Population  - Total 310,000 Establishment  - Declared  - Recognition 1991 recognized internationally only as part of Azerbaijan Currency Azerbaijani Manat Time zone  - in summer EET (UTC+4) EEST (UTC... Neftcala is a city and rayon on the shores of the Caspian Sea. ... Oguz is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Gabala is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Qax is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Qazax is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Qobustan is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Quba (also known as Guba and Kuba) is a city and a rayon in northeastern Azerbaijan. ... Qubadli is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Qusar is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Saatli is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Sabirabad is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Saki (or Sheki) is a city in North-west Azerbaijan. ... Saki (or Sheki) is a city in North-west Azerbaijan. ... Salyan is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Samaxi is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Samkir is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Samux is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Categories: Caucasus geography stubs | Cities in Azerbaijan | Rayons of Azerbaijan ... Map of Azerbaijan showing Sumqayit sahar Sumqayit (Sumqayıt in Azerbaijani; former Russian name Sumgait) is a city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, about 30 kilometres away from the capital, Baku. ... Shusha (Azeri: ÅžuÅŸa, Armenian: Õ‡Õ¸Õ¬Õ·Õ«; translit. ... Shusha (Azeri: ÅžuÅŸa, Armenian: Õ‡Õ¸Õ¬Õ·Õ«; translit. ... Tartar refers to: the Tatars, an ethnic group in present-day Russia (this term formerly extended to nearly all Central Asian and Mongolian ethnic groups) Mongolian tribe Tartars in 12th century hardened dental plaque (see calculus (dental)). You may also be looking for: tartar sauce, salts of tartaric acid: cream... Tovuz is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Ucar is a rayon, situated to the south of Goycay, in the centre of Azerbaijan. ... Xacmaz is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Stepanakert is the capital of the self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. ... Xanlar is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Xizi is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... TO GENOCIDE EVENTS IN KHOJALI Over the night from February 25 to 26, 1992 Armenian armed forces implemented the capture of the Khojali city with support of hard equipment and the personnel of the infantry guards regiment #366 of former Soviet Union. ... Xocavand is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Yardimli is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Yevlakh (Azeri: Yevlax) is a small town in Azerbaijan, 265 km west of capital Baku. ... Yevlakh (Azeri: Yevlax) is a small town in Azerbaijan, 265 km west of capital Baku. ... Zangilan is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Zaqatala is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ... Categories: Caucasus geography stubs | Cities in Azerbaijan | Rayons of Azerbaijan ...

Geography

Map of Azerbaijan

Main article: Geography of Azerbaijan Map of Azerbaijan. ... Map of Azerbaijan. ... Map of Azerbaijan with cities This article describes the geography of Azerbaijan. ...

Azerbaijan has an arid climate, except in the southeast near Gilan. Temperatures vary by season. In the southeast lowland, temperatures average 6°C (43°F) in the winter and 26°C (80°F) in the summer — though daily maxima typically reach 32°C (89°F). In the northern and western mountain ranges, temperatures average 12°C (55°F) in the summer and –9°C (20°F) in the winter. A dune in the Egyptian desert In geography, a desert is a landscape form or region that receives little precipitation. ... Guilan (گیلان in Persian) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran, during antique time known as part of Hyrcania, with a population of approximately 2 million and an area of 14,700 sq. ... In physical geography, a lowland is any broad expanse of land with a general low level. ... The most general definition of a mountain range is a group of mountains bordered by lowlands. ...

Annual rainfall over most of the country varies from 200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 inches) and is generally lowest in the northeast. In the far southeast, however, the climate is much moister and annual rainfall can be as high as 1300 mm (51 inches). For most of the country, the wettest periods are in spring and autumn, with summers being the driest.

Economy

Main article: Economy of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan is an economy in transition in which the state continues to play a dominant role. ...

The economy is largely based on industry. Industries include machine manufacture, petroleum and other mining, petroleum refining, textile production, and chemical processing. Agriculture accounts for one-third of Azerbaijan’s economy. Most of the nation’s farms are irrigated. In the lowlands, farmers grow such crops as cotton, fruit, grain, tea, tobacco, and many types of vegetables. Silkworms are raised for the production of natural silk for the clothing industry. Azerbaijan’s herders raise cattle, sheep and goats near the mountain ranges. Seafood and fish are caught in the nearby Caspian Sea. Azerbaijan has a highly dynamic economy, mainly because of oil, and has a GDP growth rate of up to 11% a year. Nodding donkey pumping an oil well near Sarnia, Ontario Petroleum (from Latin petra – rock and oleum – oil), crude oil, sometimes colloquially called black gold, is a thick, dark brown or greenish liquid. ... The El Chino Mine located near Silver City, New Mexico is an open-pit copper mine This article is about mineral extraction. ... Refining is the process of purification of a substance, usually used of a natural resource that is almost in a usable form, but which is more useful in its pure form. ... This article is about the type of fabric. ... High-altitude aerial view of irrigation in the Heart of the Sahara Irrigation (in agriculture) is the replacement or supplementation of rainfall with water from another source in order to grow crops. ... Picking cotton in Georgia Cotton is a sexy fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to the tropical and subtropical regions of both the Old World and the New World. ... Fruit stall in Barcelona, Catalonia. ... Cereal crops are mostly grasses cultivated for their edible seeds (actually a fruit called a caryopsis). ... A cup of hot tea A tea bush. ... Species N. glauca N. longiflora N. rustica N. sylvestris N. tabacum Ref: ITIS 30562 as of August 26, 2005 Tobacco (, L.) refers to a genus of broad-leafed plants of the nightshade family indigenous to North and South America or to the dried and cured leaves. ... Vegetables in a market Vegetable is a culinary term denoting any part of a plant that is commonly consumed by humans as food, but is not regarded as a culinary grain, fruit, nut, herb, or spice. ... Binomial name Bombyx mori Linnaeus, 1758 The silkworm (Bombyx mori, Latin: silkworm of the mulberry tree) is the larva of a moth that is very important economically as the producer of silk. ... Silk weaver Silk is a natural protein fiber that can be woven into textiles. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular usage) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... Species See text A Sheep is a mammal known as Keating, one of several woolly ruminant quadrupeds in the genus Ovis. ... Species See Species and subspecies A goat is a mammal in the genus Capra, which consists of nine species: the Ibex, the West Caucasian Tur, the East Caucasian Tur, the Markhor, and the Wild Goat. ... Seafood in Brussels, Belgium Seafood is any sea animal that is served as food or is suitable for eating. ... Groups Conodonta Hyperoartia Petromyzontidae (lampreys) Pteraspidomorphi (early jawless fish) Thelodonti Anaspida Cephalaspidomorphi (early jawless fish) Galeaspida Pituriaspida Osteostraci Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) Placodermi Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) Acanthodii Osteichthyes (bony fish) Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish) Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfish) A fish is a poikilothermic (cold-blooded) water-dwelling... Caspian Sea viewed from orbit The Caspian Sea or Mazandaran Sea is a landlocked endorheic sea between Asia and Europe (European Russia). ...

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Azerbaijan Demographics of Azerbaijan, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. ...

According to the CIA World Factbook, about eighty-nine percent of Azerbaijan’s population is ethnic Azerbaijani, or Azeris. Other major ethnicities include local Talysh, Lezgi, Avar and Tat and numerous other minorities, as well as Russians. Some people argue that the number of Talysh is more than officially recorded, as many of them are counted as Azerbaijanis. The country’s large Armenian population mostly fled to Armenia and to other countries with the beginning of the Armenian-Azeri conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. During the same period, Azerbaijan also received a large influx of Azerbaijanis fleeing Armenia and later Nagorno-Karabakh and adjacent provinces occupied by the Armenians. World Factbook 2004 cover The World Factbook is an annual publication by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with basic almanac-style information about the various countries of the world. ... Azerbaijanis or Azerbaijani Turks, are a Muslim people who number more than 25 million worldwide. ... Talysh (also Talishi, Taleshi or Talyshi) are an Iranian people who speak one of the Northwestern Iranian languages. ... Classification Lezgi belongs to the Lezgian group of the Dagestan or Northeast Caucasian language family. ... Avars or Caucasian Avars are a modern people of Caucasus, mainly of Dagestan, in which they are the predominant group. ... TAT is an acronym for Tapas Acupressure Technique Turn-around time Tourism Authority of Thailand Trans-Atlantic Telephone, in the context of transatlantic telephone cables Total air temperature in aviation Thematic Apperception Test The Astonishing Tribe ... Talysh (also Talishi, Taleshi or Talyshi) are an Iranian people who speak one of the Northwestern Iranian languages. ... Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ... Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ...

Most Azerbaijanis, or Azeris, are Shia Muslim. Other religions or philosophical beliefs that are followed by many in the country are the Sunni and Sufi sects of Islam, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Russian Orthodox Church, and various secular beliefs (many of which are left over from the Soviet era of less tolerance for spirituality). Shiʻa Islam (Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite) makes up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%–35% of all Muslim. ... Islām is described as a dÄ«n, meaning way of life and/or guidance. Six articles of belief There are six basic beliefs shared by all Muslims: 1. ... These five broad types of question are called analytical or logical, epistemological, ethical, metaphysical, and aesthetic respectively. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... The Armenian Apostolic Church, sometimes incorrectly called the Armenian Orthodox Church is the worlds oldest national church and one of the original churches, having been founded in 301. ... Christ the Redeemer, a well-known Russian Orthodox icon from Zvenigorod. ... Soviet redirects here. ... ...

Culture

Main article: Culture of Azerbaijan The culture of Azerbaijan has developed as a result of many influences, including its Turkic, Islamic, and Central Asian heritage as well as Russian influences due to its former status as a Soviet republic. ...

The official language of Azerbaijan is Azerbaijani, a member of the Oguz subdivision of the Turkic language family, and is spoken by around 95% of the republic’s population, as well as about a third of the population of Iran. Its closest relatives are Turkish and Turkmen. As a result of the language policy of the Soviet Union, Russian is also commonly spoken as a second language among the urbane. Oguz is a rayon of Azerbaijan. ...

• Music of Azerbaijan
• Islam in Azerbaijan
• Azerbaijani literature

Azerbaijan is part of the Caucasian music region, but also shares musical similarities with Central Asian Turkic nations and Persian music. ... Juma mosque in Baku, built in 1606, was ordered to close in 2004 because worshipers supposedly posed a threat to the architectural integrity of the mosque. ... Azerbaijani literature, in keeping with the great age of the Azerbaijani civilization, reaches back into antiquity, with some of its greatest works of literature being written as early as the 6th Century. ...

Miscellaneous topics

• Communications in Azerbaijan
• Transportation in Azerbaijan
• Military of Azerbaijan
• Foreign relations of Azerbaijan
• Public holidays in Azerbaijan
• List of Azerbaijanis
• Nagorno-Karabakh

Communications in Azerbaijan: // Telephones Telephones - main lines in use: 640,000 (1995) Telephones - mobile cellular: 6,000 (1995) Telephone system: Azerbaijans telephone system is a combination of old Soviet era technology used by Azerbaijani citizens and small- to medium-size commercial establishments, and modern cellular telephones used by an... Transportation in Azerbaijan Railways total: 2,125 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines broad gauge: 2,125 km 1. ... In July 1992, Azerbaijan ratified the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE), which establishes comprehensive limits on key categories of conventional military equipment and provides for the destruction of weaponry in excess of those limits. ... Azerbaijan is a member of the United Nations; the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe; NATOs Partnership for Peace; Euro-Atlantic Partnership; World Health Organization; CFE Treaty member state; the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; the Council of Europe; the Community of Democracies; the International Monetary Fund... This article needs to be wikified. ... This is a list of prominent people from the Republic of Azerbaijan (or, previously, the Azerbaijan SSR). ... Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ...

External links and references

• CIA World Factbook — Azerbaijan
• BBC Country Profile: Azerbaijan
• Azerbaijan from A to Z
• Azerbaijan International – world's largest website about Azerbaijan
• Democratic Youth Movement New Idea
• Virtual Azerbaijan Republic
• Caucaz.com: Weekly online publishing articles and reports about Azerbaijan and South Caucasus. Available in English and French
• Baku Today
• independant newspaper Azadliqý
• State Statistical Committee of the Azerbaijan Republic
• United Nations Office in Azerbaijan with a country report
• IFEX: Press Freedom in Azerbaijan
• Library of Congress Portals on the World — Azerbaijan

This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, covering around 10,790,000 km² (4,170,000 sq mi) or 2. ... Motto: none Anthem: Intermeco Capital Sarajevo Largest city Sarajevo Official languages Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian Government  â€¢ President  â€¢ Prime Minister Federal republic Ivo Miro Jović1 (Croat) Borislav Paravac (Serb) Sulejman Tihić (Bosniak) Adnan Terzic Independence From Yugoslavia: 5 April 1992 Area  â€¢ Total  â€¢ Water (%)   51,129 km² (124th) Negligable Population  â€¢ July 2005... Motto: Pravda vítÄ›zí (Czech for Truth prevails) Anthem: Kde domov můj Capital Prague Largest city Prague Official languages Czech Government President Prime Minister Republic Václav Klaus Jiří Paroubek Formation Independence  â€¢ Regained  â€¢ Dismemberment 9th century October 28, 1918 January 1, 1993 Area  â€¢ Total  â€¢ Water (%)   78,866 km... The Most Serene Republic of San Marino or San Marino (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino or San Marino) is one of the smallest nations in the world. ... // Headline text == 1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 class=toccolours style=float: right; width: 300px; clear: both; margin: 0. ... Motto: None Anthem: Inno e Marcia Pontificale Capital Vatican City1 41°54′N 12°27′E Largest city Vatican City1 Official languages Latin2 Government Head of State Secretary of State Governor Elective monarchy Pope Benedict XVI Angelo Cardinal Sodano Edmund Cardinal Szoka Independence -Treaty signed Lateran Treaties 11 February 1929... Dependent areas are territories that for some reason do not possess full political independence or sovereignty as states. ... There is also an Akrotiri peninsula on the island of Crete. ... Official languages Faroese, Danish Capital Tórshavn Monarch Margrethe II Prime Minister Jóannes Eidesgaard Area  - Total  - % water World ranking: 189th 1,399 km² 0. ... Jan Mayen Orthographic projection centred on Jan Mayen Island Jan Mayen Island, a part of the Kingdom of Norway, is a 373 km² arctic volcanic island partly covered by glaciers and divided into two parts by a narrow isthmus. ... The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin in Manx) or Mann (Mannin in Manx), is a self-governing democracy located in the Irish Sea at the geographical centre of the British Isles. ...

This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... Southwest Asia (PDF) Southwest Asia (often called the Middle East) is the southwestern part of Asia. ...

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Armenia | Azerbaijan | Belarus | Georgia | Kazakhstan | Kyrgyzstan | Moldova | Russia | Tajikistan | Turkmenistan | Ukraine | Uzbekistan