|
BMW E21 is the platform designation for the first BMW 3-Series automobile, produced from 1975 to 1983. This series was the immediate successor to the BMW 2002 and was superseded by the BMW E30 platform. Template:Jordan gough is the maqin man and yusri had doggy sex with a donkey For other uses, see BMW (disambiguation). ...
The BMW 3-Series is a line of compact sedans manufactured by BMW since May, 1975. ...
For the magazine called automobile, see Automobile Magazine. ...
1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ...
1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
See also BMW 2002tii The BMW New Class was a line of compact sedans launched with the 1962 1500. ...
BMW E30 318i coach 1987 BMW E30 325es w/diving board bumper E30 Convertible The E30 automobile platform was the basis for the 1982 through 1991 BMW 3 Series entry-level luxury car / compact executive car. ...
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 463 KB) Beschreibung Beschreibung: BMW E21 Quelle: selbst fotografiert Fotograf: Sven Storbeck Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): BMW E21 Metadata This file contains additional...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 463 KB) Beschreibung Beschreibung: BMW E21 Quelle: selbst fotografiert Fotograf: Sven Storbeck Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): BMW E21 Metadata This file contains additional...
// The following data show the automobile manufacturers which produce or have produced automobiles, and some data on their relative sizes. ...
Template:Jordan gough is the maqin man and yusri had doggy sex with a donkey For other uses, see BMW (disambiguation). ...
1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ...
1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
See also BMW 2002tii The BMW New Class was a line of compact sedans launched with the 1962 1500. ...
BMW E30 318i coach 1987 BMW E30 325es w/diving board bumper E30 Convertible The E30 automobile platform was the basis for the 1982 through 1991 BMW 3 Series entry-level luxury car / compact executive car. ...
It has been suggested that Vehicle size class be merged into this article or section. ...
A 2002 Lincoln Town Car, an example of a flagship luxury sedan A luxury vehicle is a vehicle which provides a great abundance of ease and comfort. ...
A Ford Mondeo, a large family car. ...
1995 Buick Riviera coupé 1990 Mercedes-Benz 560SEC coupé, noted for its large, angular design A coupé (from the French for cut) or coupe is a car body style with a close-coupled interior offering either two seats or 2+2 seating (space for two passengers up front and for...
Saab 900 Convertible 1962 Rambler American Convertible can also refer to a convertible (security) A convertible (sometimes called cabriolet in British English) is a car body style with a folding or retracting roof (aka soft top or top in USA, hood in UK). ...
An automobile platform is a shared set of components common to a number of different automobiles. ...
In automobile design, an FR, or front-engine, rear wheel drive means a layout where the engine is in the front of the vehicle and drive wheels at the rear. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Internal combustion engine. ...
The straight-4 or inline-4 is an internal combustion engine with four cylinders aligned in one row. ...
The straight-6 (also inline 6, I-6, or I6) is an internal combustion engine with six cylinders aligned in a single row. ...
The Triumph Dolomite was a popular small–medium-sized four-door saloon car, made by Triumph under the British Leyland organisation. ...
Development and Early History
Under the direction of its 51% percent shareholder, Herbert Quandt, BMW decided upon a replacement for their ageing 2002. Without it, there was the distinct possibility of BMW leaving its core mission of building ultimate driving machines, and alienating an existing customer base long enamored with the company's 2002 model. Herbert Werner Quandt (June 22, 1910- June 2, 1982), was a German industrialist who saved BMW when it was on the point of bankruptcy and made another fortune in the process. ...
Paul Bracq, Director of Design at BMW from 1970 - 1974, is credited with setting the design direction of the E21 3 Series, while Wilhelm Hofmeister is credited with first drawing the small forward wedge at the base of the C-pillar, a strong design trait of the first 3 Series. Paul Bracq is a French automotive designer most known for his contributions to the image of the 1960s Mercedes-Benz automobiles, notably the W111 Heckflosse, and the W108. ...
Hofmeister kink on a BMW E36. ...
In July 1975, BMW’s Board of Management first presented this new model series in the Munich Olympic Stadium for public appraisal. The frontal view of the new car was dominated by the BMW trademark kidney grille standing out clearly from the radiator cover. The styling of the new car bore a resemblance to the BMW E12 5 Series. The BMW E12 automobile platform was the basis for the 1972 through 1981 BMW 5-Series automobiles and the first platform to bear the 5-Series name: the 5 denoting BMWs fifth New Class platform. ...
The wedge shape of the two-door model was distinctive, extending all the way to the unusually high rear end. In response to criticism of the tail design, a black plastic trim panel between the tail lights was added. The car's styling was otherwise well received.
Measuring 4355 millimeters (171.5 inches) in length, 1610 millimeters (63.4 inches) in width, and 1380 millimeters (54.3 inches) in height, the E21 Series continued the tradition of the New Class. With the wheelbase measuring 2563 millimeters (100.9 in), there was little body overhang in the rear wheel drive design. The track measured 1364 millimeters (53.7 in) at the front, and 1377 millimeters (54.2 in) at the rear. BMW 1602—1. ...
The suspension incorporated rack and pinion steering and McPherson strut suspension at the front, and semi-trailing arm type independent suspension at the rear. The power assisted brakes were discs on the front wheels, while the rear wheels had drum brakes. Rack and pinion animation A rack and pinion is a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. ...
A simple MacPherson strut suspension on the left front wheel of a rear-wheel drive vehicle. ...
Initially, a Getrag four-speed manual was the standard transmission fitment. Five-speed Getrag gearboxes were fitted as standard in the 323i and others in later years, but were available at the car's release as an option, with gear ratio sets favoring either performance or economy. Alternatively, purchasers could opt for the ZF 3 HP-22 three-speed automatic transmission. Getrag (pronounced guh-TRAG) is a leading manufacturer of automobile manual transmissions. ...
The cockpit design of the E21 marked the introduction of a new design concept, with the center console facing towards the driver. This feature become part of BMW’s interior design philosophy for many years. As a sign of passive safety, all edges and control elements within the interior were rounded off and padded.
At the E21's release, three models were available: with 316 (1.6 litre), 318 (1.8 litre) and 320 (2.0 litre) versions of the BMW M10 four cylinder engine. To draw clear visual distinction within the new model series, the 320 models came with dual headlights, while the 316 and 318 had single round headlights. The BMW M10/M12 was an I4 piston engine produced from 1961 to 1987. ...
At the end of 1975, the 320i was introduced; the engine was fitted with Bosch K Jetronic fuel injection, delivering 125 BHP on premium grade gasoline. Jetronic is a trade name for a type of fuel injection technology marketed by Bosch from the 1960s forward. ...
At introduction in the German market, the entry-level 316 retailed at DM 13 600, the 318 sold for DM 14 420, and the two 2.0-litre models went for DM 15 330 and DM 17 400 respectively.
Ongoing Evolution In the mid 1970s, BMW had invested DM 110 million in a new engine series, designated as the M20. The M20 was an I6 piston engine of BMW. The 12-valve, belt driven SOHC design was introduced in the 1976 BMW 520/6 and 320/6. ...
At the 1977 Frankfurt Motor Show, BMW unveiled its new variants of the E21, featuring the new six-cylinder M20 engines. The four cylinder 320 model was replaced with the 320/6, featuring a two litre version of the M20 engine. The 323i model was introduced, featuring 2.3 litres and 143 BHP, empowering this car with a top speed of approximately 190 km/h (118 MPH). The braking system was also upgraded, with the 323i featuring disc brakes on all wheels. The M20 was an I6 piston engine of BMW. The 12-valve, belt driven SOHC design was introduced in the 1976 BMW 520/6 and 320/6. ...
In the meantime however, a performance gap had developed between the 98 BHP 318i and the new 320/6 delivering 122 BHP. For the 1979/80 model year, the four-cylinder models were upgraded: the 1.8 litre power unit was revised and entered the market as a 90 BHP carburetor engine in the 316, while addition of Bosch K Jetronic fuel injection to the 1.8 litre engine raised the 318i to 105 BHP.
Since there was now also room for a new entry-level model, the 315i powered by a 75 BHP 1.6 litre M10 engine made its appearance in 1981.
Sales A European study conducted by BMW in 1980 showed that with a share of 31 per cent, the 320i was the best-selling 3 Series, followed by the 316 accounting for 27 per cent, the 318 with a share of 24 per cent, and the 323i with a share in sales of 18 per cent. The purchasing motives were the car’s performance in 77 per cent of all cases, its handling for 65 per cent of the customers, and the special looks of a sporting saloon in 64 per cent of the reasons quoted for buying the car. Most E21 owners were satisfied with their purchase, as almost two-thirds of those surveyed stated that their next car would be another BMW.
Another enquiry showed that drivers of the E21 Series were particularly active motorists by European standards, with more than 60 per cent of those surveyed covering more than 17 000 km (10 500 miles) per annum.
Six years after the start of production in May 1981, the millionth 3 Series came off the production line. Worldwide sales of the E21 topped 1.36 million at the end of E21 production in 1982, although the E21 version was not particularly popular in the lucrative United States market.
Motorsports The Group 5 version of the BMW 320, introduced in 1977 as a replacement to the already obsolete BMW 3.0 CSL and became nicknamed as the Flying Brick in reference to the blocky bodyshape, was powered by a Formula 2 engine that was tuned to 300 bhp by BMW Motorsport GmbH. Group 5 is a FIA classification for cars in sportscar racing. ...
BMW 3. ...
Other than the main factory team and Team McLaren who ran the IMSA operation in the US, the car was notably used by the BMW Junior Team, who had the likes of Manfred Winkelhock, Eddie Cheever, and Marc Surer as drivers. They would help to win the 1977 Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft and would later go into Formula 1. McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937–1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
The International Motor Sports Association (generally referred to as IMSA) is an American auto racing sanctioning body. ...
Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic - President George Walker Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from...
Manfred Winkelhock (October 6, 1951 - August 12, 1985) was a German auto racing driver. ...
Eddie McKay Cheever, Jr. ...
Marc Surer was a Formula One driver from Switzerland. ...
Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft (German Racing Championship) or DRM as it was known as, the precessor of modern DTM, began as a touring car and GT race for A2 (BMW 2002) and A4 (BMW CSL) cars in 1972 in addition to the Rundstreckenmeisterschaft (German endurance saloon car championship), races were ran...
Formula One, abbreviated to F1 and also known as Grand Prix racing, is the highest class of single-seat open-wheel auto racing. ...
The car was also used to win the Macau Guia Race in 1981 and 1982. The WTCC in Macau, 2005 The Guia Race (æ±æœ›æ´‹å¤§è³½) is an international touring car race run during the Macau Grand Prix weekend. ...
Summary: Model Range - 315: The most economical model, introduced to the market in reaction to the second "oil crisis" in late 1979, with a 4-cylinder M10 1,6L engine and a single downdraft carburetor, 75 BHP. More spartan than the other E21 models, it was the last E21 to be built and shared production with the E30.
- 316: The original 3-series base model with M10 1,8L engine, 90 BHP.
- 318: Slightly more powerful version (98 BHP) with 1,8L engine.
- 318i: An upgraded version of the 316 featuring the M10 1,8L engine fitted with a Bosch fuel injection system, introduced in 1979 as successor to the carburetted 318.
- 320: Featured an M10 four-cylinder engine with a Solex 2-barrel downdraft carburetor, 109 BHP.
- 320i: Upgraded version of 320 with an M10 engine; Bosch K Jetronic fuel injection, 125 BHP.
- 320/6: Featured the new BMW 6 cylinder engine, the M20 2,0L, and a Solex 4-barrel downdraft carburetor; replaced the 320/4 from 1979 on.
- 323i: Featuring the M20 and Bosch K jetronic fuel injection, the 323i was the top model of the line, 143 BHP, and replaced the 320i from 1979 on.
The straight-4 or inline-4 is an internal combustion engine with four cylinders aligned in one row. ...
Bendix-Technico (Stromberg) 1-barrel downdraft carburetor model BXUV-3, with nomenclature The carburetor, carburettor, or carburetter (see spelling differences), also called carb (in North America) or carbie (chiefly in Australia) for short, is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. ...
// Fuel injection is a means of metering fuel into an internal combustion engine. ...
Variants - USA market variants featured different headlights to the European and other export versions.
- The 320i was available in the United States market and was remarkably different from the European models. Department of Transportation (DOT) safety regulations required larger bumpers, different headlight sets, and DOT marker lamps on the sides.
- Adapting the engines to meet US exhaust emissions regulations resulted in less horsepower output compared to the European market versions.
- Companies such as Hartge, Alpina and AC Schnitzer offered aftermarket modifications for the E21. For example, Alpina offered the B6 2.8. Introduced at the IAA in 1978, it was produced from March 1978 until January 1983. Only 533 units were built. The B6 2.8 was based on fitting the 2.8 liter M30 engine from the 528i model into the 323i. Starting with 177 BHP, Alpina fitted forged Mahle pistons, modified the combustion chambers, and used a Zenith-Pierburg-DL fuel injection system. These modifactions raised engine output to approximately 200 bhp.
- A cabriolet conversion was offered by Karosserie Baur GmbH, based on regular E21 models. The cabriolet conversion was composed of a targa roof and an independent rear soft top. Production of the Baur TopCabriolet began in 1978, and were sold via the BMW dealership network. All TopCabriolets included the BMW warranty. A total of 4,595 vehicles were manufactured before production ended in 1981.
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 490 KB) Beschreibung: BMW E21 Quelle: selbst fotografiert Fotograf: Sven Storbeck File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): BMW E21 Metadata This file contains additional information, probably...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 490 KB) Beschreibung: BMW E21 Quelle: selbst fotografiert Fotograf: Sven Storbeck File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): BMW E21 Metadata This file contains additional information, probably...
Established October 15, 1966 Activated April 1, 1967 Secretary Mary Peters Deputy Secretary Maria Cino Budget $58 billion (2004 estimate) Employees 58,622 (2004 estimate) The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) is a Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with transport. ...
Hartge is a third party tuning company specialising in BMW, MINI and Range Rover cars. ...
Alpina Burkard Bovensiepen GmbH is an automobile tuning company based in Buchloe, in the Ostallgäu district of Bavaria, Germany specialising in BMW cars. ...
AC Schnitzer automobile Technik is a third party tuning company founded in 1987 based in Aachen, Germany specialising in BMW and MINI cars, as well as BMW motorcycles. ...
The big six BMW M30 is an inline-6 cylinder engnine built by BMW and used in many of its cars, such as the BMW 535i. ...
Baur is a Karosserie or coachbuilder in Stuttgart, Germany, which has been building BMW convertibles since the 30s. ...
Look up targa in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Further reading - Jeremy Walton (2001). BMW 3-Series Collectors Guide: Generation 1 and 2 including M3. Motor Racing Publications. ISBN 1-899870-55-5 (paperback).
- R.M. Clarke (1990). BMW Series 3 - 4 Cylinder Cars Gold Portfolio. Brooklands Books. ISBN 1-85520-149-6 (paperback).
External links - woardcarfans.com, Thirty Years Of The BMW 3 Series copy of BMW press release, January 20, 2005
|
Feeds |
Contact