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Encyclopedia > Baba Yaga
Baba Yaga by Ivan Bilibin

Baba Yaga (Russian: Ба́ба-Яга́), is, in Slavic folklore, the wild old woman; the witch; and mistress of magic. She is also seen as a forest spirit, leading hosts of spirits. Baba Yaga, by Ivan Bilibin File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Baba Yaga, by Ivan Bilibin File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Ivan Ya. ... Slavic mythology and Slavic religion evolved over more than 3,000 years. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Witchcraft. ... Not to be confused with Magic (illusion). ...

Contents

Etymology

The name differs within the various Slavic languages. "Baba Yaga" is spelled "Baba Jaga" in Polish and as "Ježibaba" in Czech, and Slovak. In Slovene, the words are reversed, producing Jaga Baba. The Russian is Бáба-Ягá; Bosnian is Baba Roga, Bulgarian uses Баба Яга and Ukrainian, Баба Яґа; all of the last three are translated as Baba Yaga.  Countries where a West Slavic language is the national language  Countries where an East Slavic language is the national language  Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages), a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup...


In South Slavic languages and traditions, there is a similar old witch: Baba Roga (Croatian and Bosnian), Cyrillic equivalent Баба Рога (Macedonian and Serbian). The word Roga implies that she has horns. This article or section should be merged with List of South Slavic languages South Slavic languages is one of the three groups of Slavic languages (besides West and East Slavic). ... Serbian (; ) is one of the standard versions of the Shtokavian dialect, used primarily in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia, and by Serbs in the Serbian diaspora. ...


The name of Baba Yaga is composed of two elements. Baba (originally a child's word) means grandmother in most Slavic languages. Yaga is a diminutive form of the Slavic name Jadwiga: (Jaga/Jagusia/Jadzia, etc.), although some etymologists conjecture other roots for the word. For example, Vasmer mentions the Proto-Slavic ęgа. This page is a candidate to be copied to Wiktionary. ...  Countries where a West Slavic language is the national language  Countries where an East Slavic language is the national language  Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages), a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup... Jadwiga is a Polish name, equivalent of German Hedwig. ... Max Vasmer (1886 – 1962) was a Russian-born German linguist who studied problems of etymology of Indo-European, Finno-Ugrian and Turkic languages and worked on history of Slavic, Baltic, Iranian, and Finno-Ugrian peoples in Eastern Europe. ... Proto-Slavic is the proto-language from which Old Church Slavonic and all the other Slavic languages later emerged. ...


Folklore

Vasilisa the Beautiful at the Hut of Baba Yaga, by Ivan Bilibin

In Russian tales, Baba Yaga is portrayed as a hag who flies through the air in a mortar, using the pestle as a rudder and sweeping away the tracks behind her with a broom made out of silver birch. She lives in a log cabin that moves around on a pair of dancing chicken legs, and/or surrounded by a palisade with a skull on each pole. The keyhole to her front door is a mouth filled with sharp teeth; the fence outside is made with human bones with skulls on top — often with one pole lacking its skull, so there is space for the hero or heroes. In another legend, the house does not reveal the door until it is told a magical phrase: Turn your back to the forest, your front to me. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 475 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (541 × 683 pixel, file size: 107 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 475 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (541 × 683 pixel, file size: 107 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Ivan Ya. ... Tsukioka Yoshitoshi, The Hag, August 1890. ... A mortar and pestle is a tool used to crush, grind, and mix substances. ... Binomial name Betula pendula Roth. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

The Red Rider, by Bilibin

In some tales, her house is connected with three riders: one in white, riding a white horse with white harness, who is Day; a red rider, who is the Sun; and one in black, who is Night. She is served by invisible servants inside the house. She will explain about the riders if asked, but may kill a visitor who inquires about the servants. Baba Yaga is sometimes shown as an antagonist, and sometimes as a source of guidance; there are stories where she helps people with their quests, and stories in which she kidnaps children and threatens to eat them. Seeking out her aid is usually portrayed as a dangerous act. An emphasis is placed on the need for proper preparation and purity of spirit, as well as basic politeness. Image File history File links Ivan Bilibin (1876-1942). ... Image File history File links Ivan Bilibin (1876-1942). ... Ivan Bilibins illustration of the red rider from Vasilissa the Beautiful. ...


In the folk tale Vasilissa the Beautiful, recorded by Alexander Afanasyev (Narodnye russkie skazki, vol 4, 1862), the young girl of the title is given three impossible tasks that she solves using a magic doll given to her by her mother. Ivan Bilibins illustration of the red rider from Vasilissa the Beautiful. ... Alexander Nikolayevich Afanasyev (Russian: Александр Николаевич Афанасьев) (11 July 1826 — 23 October 1871) was a Russian folklorist best known for his pioneering study and publication of Russian folktales. ...


In the Christianised version of the story, Vasilissa is sent to visit Baba Yaga on an errand and is enslaved by her, but the hag's servants — a cat, a dog, a gate and a tree — help Vasilissa to escape because she has been kind to them. In the end, Baba Yaga is turned into a crow. Similarly, Prince Ivan in The Death of Koschei the Deathless is aided against her by animals whom he has spared. The Death of Koschei the Deathless is a Russian fairy tale included by Andrew Lang in The Red Fairy Book. ...


Baba Yaga in Polish folklore differs in details. For example, the Polish Baba Jaga's house has only one chicken leg. Bad witches living in gingerbread houses are also commonly named Baba Jaga. Baba Jaga, flying on a mop, wearing black and red striped folk cloth of Świętokrzyskie Mountains is an unofficial symbol of Kielce region (it is connected with legendary witches sabbaths on Łysa Góra mountain). ÅšwiÄ™tokrzyskie Mountain landscape ÅšwiÄ™tokrzyskie Mountains (sometimes also known as the Holy Cross Mountains, Polish  Góry ÅšwiÄ™tokrzyskie?) are a mountain range in central Poland, in the vicinity of the city of Kielce. ... Map of the centre of Kielce Monastery Exbud headquarters-symbol of todays Kielce City The monument to commemorate of tragedy in New York 11 September 2001 Bishops Palace Building of Stefan Å»eromski Theatre The new stadium in Kielce Bus Station in Kielce of characterisic shape of alien saucer Kielce... Francisco Goyas Los Caprichos: Linda maestra! (Nice mistress!) - witches heading to a Sabbath In Christian folklore, the Sabbath (also known as Witchs Sabbath) was a gathering supposed to have been celebrated by Satanists, witches and warlocks to honor the Devil, offend God, Jesus, the sacraments, the cross, and... Łysa Góra (also known as Łysiec or ÅšwiÄ™ty Krzyż) is a mountain in ÅšwiÄ™tokrzyskie Mountains, Poland. ...


In some fairy tales, such as The Feather of Finist the Falcon, the hero meets not with one but three Baba Yagas. Such figures are usually benevolent, giving the hero advice or magical presents, or both.[1] The Feather of Finist the Falcon or Finist the Falcon is a Russian fairy tale collected by Alexander Afanasyev in Narodnye russkie skazki. ... For other uses, see Rule of three. ...



Cabin on chicken legs

Nicholas Roerich, "Изба смерти" ("Hut of Death", sketch, 1905), an artistic expression of burial traditions of Ancient Slavs
Sami storehouse, Stockholm, Sweden

According to legend, Baba Yaga dwells in a "cabin on chicken legs with no windows and no doors." Baba Yaga herself usually uses the chimney to fly in and out on her mortar. Sometimes the door appears at the other side of the hut; to see it, a hero should pronounce "Hut, o hut, turn your back to the woods, your front to me" and thus force the cabin to turn around and discover the door. Image File history File links Izbasmerti. ... Image File history File links Izbasmerti. ... Guests from Overseas, 1899 (Varangians in Russia) Longships Are Built in the Land of the Slavs (1903) Nicholas Roerich, (October 9, 1874 - December 13, 1947) also known as Nikolai Konstantinovich Rerikh (Russian: Николай Константинович Рёрих), was a Russian painter and spiritual teacher. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (3,072 × 2,304 pixels, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (3,072 × 2,304 pixels, file size: 1. ... Look up Sami, sami in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Chimney in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...


This may be an interpretation of an ordinary construction popular among hunter-nomadic peoples of Siberia of Uralic (Finno-Ugric) and Tungusic families, invented to preserve supplies against animals during long periods of absence. A doorless and windowless log cabin is built upon supports made from the stumps of two or three closely grown trees cut at the height of eight to ten feet. The stumps, with their spreading roots, give a good impression of "chicken legs". The only access into the cabin is via a trapdoor in the middle of the floor. Bears are strong, smart and stubborn enough to break into any door, but they cannot use a ladder or climb a rope to reach the trapdoor.[citation needed] Hunting is, in its most general sense, the pursuit of a target. ... For the 2006 historical epic set in Kazakhstan, see Nomad (2006 film). ... This article is about Siberia as a whole. ... Geographical distribution of Finnic, Ugric, Samoyed and Yukaghir languages The Uralic languages form a language family of about 30 languages spoken by approximately 20 million people. ... Geographical distribution of Finno-Ugric (Finno-Permic in blue, Ugric in green). ... Tungus can mean several things: Tungus is an obsolete term for the Evenks of Russia. ... For other uses, see Log cabin (disambiguation). ... A trapdoor is a door set into a floor or ceiling (depending on what side of the door one is on). ... For other uses, see Bear (disambiguation). ...


A similar but smaller construction was used by Siberian pagans to hold figurines of their gods. Recalling the late matriarchy among Siberian peoples, a common picture of a bone-carved doll in rags in a small cabin on top of a tree stump fits a common description of Baba Yaga, who barely fits her cabin: legs in one corner, head in another one, her nose grown into the ceiling.[citation needed] Pagans may mean: Paganism, a belief in natural religion. ... A rare Dresden porcelain figurine 7th millennium BC anthropomorphized figurines found in modern-day Israel A figurine (a diminutive form of the word figure) is a statuette that represents a human, deity, or animal. ... Matriarchy is a gynocentric form of society, in which power is with the female and especially with the mothers of a community. ...


There are indications that ancient Slavs had a funeral tradition of cremation in huts of this type. In 1948 Russian archaeologists Yefimenko and Tretyakov discovered small huts of the described type with traces of corpse cremation and circular fences around them; yet another possible connection to the Baba Yaga myth. [2][3]


Modern fantasy writers, such as Tad Williams and Elaine Cunningham, use the character of the cabin on chicken legs in their works. The castle in Hayao Miyazaki's film version of Diana Wynne Jones' novel Howl's Moving Castle also moves on chicken legs. For other uses, see Fantasy (disambiguation). ... Robert Paul Tad Williams (born March 14, 1957) is the author of several fantasy and science fiction novels, including Tailchasers Song, the Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn series, the Otherland series, and The War of the Flowers. ... Elaine Cunningham (born August 12, 1957) is an American fantasy and science-fiction author, especially known for her almost poetic literary style and her contributions to the Forgotten Realms campaign world, including the realms of Evermeet, Halruaa, Ruathym and Waterdeep. ... For other uses, see Castle (disambiguation). ... Hayao Miyazaki ) (born January 5, 1941 in Tokyo, Japan) is the prominent director of many popular animated feature films. ... This article is about the Studio Ghibli film. ... Diana Wynne Jones (born London August 16, 1934) is a British writer, principally of fantasy novels for children and adults, as well as a small amount of non-fiction. ... This article is about the Diana Wynne Jones book. ...


Baba Yaga in popular culture

Baba Yaga has been featured in music, film, roleplaying games, modern fiction, videogames, comic books, and other media as well.


Film and Animation

Baba Yaga from Bartok the Magnificent.

Baba Yaga is a favorite subject of Russian films and cartoons. The film Vasilissa the Beautiful by Aleksandr Rou, featuring Baba Yaga, was the first feature with fantasy elements in the Soviet Union.[4] Georgy Milliar, a male actor, portrayed Baba Yaga in numerous movies from 30's to 60's, among them "Vasilissa the Beautiful", "Morozko", "New Adventures of Puss-in-Boots", and others. He also often portrayed Koschey the Deathless. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Bartok the Magnificent is a direct-to-video sequel to the 1997 film Anastasia, which features Hank Azaria as the voice of Bartok. ... Ivan Bilibins illustration of the red rider from Vasilissa the Beautiful. ... Ivan Bilibins illustration of the red rider from Vasilissa the Beautiful. ... DVD cover Jack Frost (also known as Morozko) is a Russo-Finnish production (Gorky Film Studio) that was released in 1964, 1966 in the U.S. It was directed by Aleksandr Rou, and starred Eduard Izotov as Ivan, Natalya Sedykh as Nastenka, and Aleksandr Khvylya as Father Frost. ... Ivan Bilibin: Koshchey the Deathless In Russian mythology, Koschei (Russian: , Koshchey, also Kashchei or Kashchey or Kościej (Polish)) is an evil person of ugly senile appearance, menacing principally young women. ...


The animated film Bartok the Magnificent features Baba Yaga as a main character, but is not the antagonist. 'Emily and the Baba Yaga' is an animated short telling a modern version of the classic tale. Instead of combs and handkerchiefs, chainsaws and mangy pets help defeat the hag. http://www.thebabayaga.com/gallery4.html Bartok the Magnificent is a direct-to-video sequel to the 1997 film Anastasia, which features Hank Azaria as the voice of Bartok. ...


In the 1997 independent film Lawn Dogs, starring Mischa Barton and Sam Rockwell, a lonely young girl, Davon (Barton), entertains herself by looking for Baba Yaga in some nearby woods, instead finding a friend in an older, lower-class young man, Trent (Rockwell). The legend of Baba Yaga returns later in the movie, with gifted tokens helping a character escape a different kind of terror. Lawn Dogs (1997) is a controversial film dealing with class relations, or possibly an even more controversial film dealing with pedophilia. ... Mischa Anne Barton (born January 24, 1986) is an English actress and fashion model, known for her role as Marissa Cooper on the former Fox television teen drama // Barton was born in Hammersmith, London, to an Irish mother, Nuala (née Quinn), a photographer, and English father, Paul Marsden Barton... Sam Rockwell as Zaphod Beeblebrox in The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy. ...


Music

There are two well-known musical references to Baba Yaga. The ninth piece in Modest Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition, a suite originally composed for piano (though more famous in its orchestration by Ravel), is entitled "The Hut on Hen’s Legs (Baba Yaga)". When the progressive rock group Emerson, Lake and Palmer performed an adaptation of Mussorgsky's suite, they included Mussorgsky's piece about the hut of Baba Yaga as well as a new track entitled "The Curse of Baba Yaga." In the symphonic poem "Baba Yaga" (Op. 56) by Anatoly Lyadov, the music depicts Baba Yaga summoning her mortar, pestle and broomstick, then flying off through the forest. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (Russian: , Modest Petrovič Musorgskij, French: ) (March 9/21, 1839 – March 16/28, 1881), one of the Russian composers known as the Five, was an innovator of Russian music. ... Mussorgsky in 1874 This article refers to the original suite by Modest Mussorgsky. ... Maurice Ravel. ... ELP can also stand for Extra Long Play, a format for the VCR tape. ... Anatoly Konstantinovich Lyadov (Анатолий Константинович Лядов), often transliterated Liadov, (May 11, 1855 - August 28, 1914) was a Russian composer, teacher and conductor. ...


Modern fiction

She makes a brief appearance in The Sandman: Fables and Reflections, where she receives the emerald heart of Koschei. Fables and Reflections (1993) is the sixth collection of issues in the DC Comics series, The Sandman. ... Ivan Bilibin: Koshchey the Deathless In Russian mythology, Koschei (Russian: , Koshchey, also Kashchei or Kashchey or Kościej (Polish)) is an evil person of ugly senile appearance, menacing principally young women. ...


She is also a character in Bill Willingham's graphic novel series, Fables (Vertigo). She is introduced in Volume 4, entitled March of the Wooden Soldiers. Bill Willingham (born December 1956 in Fort Belvoir, Virginia) is an American writer and artist of comic books. ... Fables is a Vertigo comic book series created and written by Bill Willingham. ...


Patricia A. McKillip's anthology of short stories "Harrowing the Dragon" offers the tale "Baba Yaga and the Sorcerer's Son".


Orson Scott Card's novel Enchantment (1999) features Baba Yaga as the major antagonist in a time-traveling version of the Sleeping Beauty story. The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... Enchantment is a 1999 novel by author Orson Scott Card. ...


Games

Baba Yaga has made several appearances in the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy roleplaying game. Baba Yaga's hut is mentioned as an artifact in the first edition Dungeon Master's Guide (1979), by Gary Gygax. Two adventures taking place in Baba Yaga's hut were also published for the game.[5]

Baba Yaga and her hut appeared in the Sierra On-Line computer games Quest for Glory I: So You Want To Be A Hero and Quest for Glory IV: Shadows of Darkness. The entrance featured a skull on the palisade, named "Bonehead," that taunted the player character.

Baba Yaga's Hut was a location game piece in the collectible miniatures game Dreamblade. In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy roleplaying game, Baba Yaga is a powerful spellcaster. ... This article is about the role-playing game. ... For other uses, see Fantasy (disambiguation). ... In the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game, magic items are common. ... Dungeon Masters Guide for D&D version 3. ... Ernest Gary Gygax, 2004 Ernest Gary Gygax (born July 27, 1938 in Chicago, Illinois) is best known as the author of the well known fantasy role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons (D&D), co-created with Dave Arneson and co-published with Don Kaye in 1974 under the company Tactical Studies... Baba Yaga - Original Baba Yaga - Remake Baba Yaga is a fictional character from Sierra On-Lines classic graphic adventure series Quest for Glory. ... Sierra Entertainment was a computer game developer and publisher. ... Quest for Glory 5 cover Quest for Glory was a series of hybrid role-playing/adventure computer games designed by Corey and Lori Cole. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...


References

  1. ^ W. R. S. Ralston Songs of the Russian People Section III.--Storyland Beings
  2. ^ Рыбаков Б.А., "Язычество Древней Руси" (1987) Moscow, Nauka
  3. ^ Ефименко П. П., Третьяков П. Н. Курганный могильник у с. Боршева. МИА, № 8. М.; Л., 1948, рис. 37-42.)
  4. ^ James Graham, "Baba Yaga in Film"
  5. ^ "The Dancing Hut" in Dragon #83 (1984) and The Dancing Hut of Baba Yaga (1995).

  Results from FactBites:
 
RED ~ The Spirit of the Divine - Los Angeles CA (499 words)
Baba Yaga (pronounced: bah-bye'yegg-ah) is, in Slavic mythology, the wild woman, the dark lady, and mistress of magick.
In Russian tales, Baba Yaga is portrayed as a witch who flies through the air in a mortar, using the pestle as a rudder and sweeping away the tracks behind her with a broom made out of silver birch.
Baba Yaga comes across her, and demands she perform seemingly impossible tasks (such as separating poppy seeds from a pile of dirt) in exchange for the flame.
Baba Yaga (210 words)
In a number of East European myths, a Baba Yaga (there are more than one) is a cannibalistic witch who lives in a hut on the edge of the forest.
For transportation Baba Yaga uses a giant mortar which she drives at high speed across the forest floor by steering the pestle with her right hand and sweeping away all traces of her passage with a broom in her left hand.
Baba Yaga is often represented as a little, ugly, old woman with a huge and distorted nose and long teeth.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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