Baghatur is an old Altaic term for a warrior, military commander or an epic hero. The word was introduced in the Middle Ages to many non-Altaic languages by conquering Turkic- and Mongol-speaking nomads, and now exists in different forms such as the Russian Богатырь (Bogatyr), Polish Bohater (meaning hero), Persian and North Indian Bahadur, and Georgian Bagatur. It is also preserved in the modern Turkic and Mongol languages as Turkish Batur, Tatar and Kazakh Batır, Uzbek Batyr and Mongolian Baatar (as in Ulaanbaatar) as well as in Hungarian Bátor. Also cognate is the Tibetan dpa' rtul or "warrior", as in th the dpa' rtul sum cu of the Tibetan Epic of Gesar. Altaic is a proposed language family that includes 66 languages [1] spoken by about 348 million people, mostly in and around Central Asia and northeast Asia. ... Drawing of a Thracian peltast of 400 BC A warrior is a person habitually engaged in warfare. ... The epic is a broadly defined genre of narrative poetry, characterized by great length, multiple settings, large numbers of characters, or long span of time involved. ... For other uses, see Hero (disambiguation). ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... The Turkic languages constitute a language family of some thirty languages, spoken across a vast area from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean to Siberia and Western China, and are traditionally considered to be part of the proposed Altaic language family. ... The Mongolic languages are a group of languages spoken in Central Asia. ... Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich are represented together in Viktor Vasnetsovs famous 1898 painting Bogatyrs. ... “Farsi” redirects here. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Baghatur. ... The Tatar language (Tatar tele, Tatarça, Татар теле, Татарча) is a Turkic language spoken by the Tatars. ... Kazakh (also Qazaq and variants[2], natively , , ‎) is a Western Turkic language closely related to Nogai and Karakalpak. ... Baghatur is an old Turkic term for a warrior, military commander or an epic hero. ... The word Baatar (Mongolian: , hero) is part of many names signifying: a Mongolian revolutionary hero, see Damdin Sükhbaatar his wife, later widow, and first female head of state in Mongolia, see Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa an olympic cyclist from Mongolia, see Baatar Lanjin an olympic cross-country skiing athlete from... Coordinates: , Established as Örgöö 1639 current location 1778 Ulaanbaatar 1924 Area  - City 4,704. ...

Usage

The term was first used by the steppe peoples to the north and west of China as early as the seventh century.^[1][2] It is attested for the Köktürk khanate in the eighth century, and among the Bulgars of Danube Bulgaria in the ninth century. The word was common among the Mongols and became especially widespread, as a honorific title, in Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire in the 13th century; the title persisted in its successor-states, and later came to be adopted also as a regnal title in the ilkhanate, in Timurid dynasties etc. The Gokturks or Kokturks (Gök-Turks or Kök-Turks, with the meaning Celestial Turks), known as Tujue (突厥 tu2 jue2) in medieval Chinese sources, established the first known Turkic state around 552 under the leadership of Bumin/Tuman Khan/Khaghan (died 552) and his sons, and expanded... Bulgar warriors slaughter Byzantines, from the Menology of Basil II, 10th century. ... For other uses, see Genghis Khan (disambiguation). ... Expansion of the Mongol Empire Historical map of the Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire (Mongolian: , Mongolyn Ezent Güren; 1206–1405) was the largest contiguous empire in history, covering over 33 million km²[1] (12 million square miles) at its zenith, with an estimated population of over 100 million people. ... A monarch (see sovereign) is a type of ruler or head of state. ... Khanates of Mongolian Empire: Il-Khanate, Chagatai Khanate, Empire of the Great Khan (Yuan Dynasty), Golden Horde The Ilkhanate (also spelled Il-khanate or Il Khanate) was one of the four divisions within the Mongol Empire. ... Timurid can refer to several entities, related to Timur: Timurid Dynasty Timurid Empire Timurid Emirates This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

The term Baghatur and its variants - Bahadur, Bagatur, or Baghadur, has also been attested as a personal name belonging to several important historical figures, including:

1. Yesugei , the father of Genghis Khan
2. Baghatur Khagan, Khagan of the Khazars, c. 760.
3. The Mongol general Subutai is referred to in the Secret History of the Mongols as ba'tur.
4. Two Mughal emperors were named Bahadur Shah: Bahadur Shah I and Bahadur Shah Zafar II.
5. Banda Singh Bahadur, great sikh warrior and general
6. Stephen IX Báthory (1533-1586), Prince of Transylvania and King of Poland.

Yesugei Baghatur or Yesugei The Brave (11XX–1180) (Yesügei, Yesükhei) was a Mongol Khan (or ruler). ... For other uses, see Genghis Khan (disambiguation). ... Khagan or Great Khan (Old Turkic , alternatively spelled Chagan, Khaghan, Kagan, Qagan, Qaghan), is a title of imperial rank in the Mongolian and Turkic languages equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a Khaganate (empire, greater than an ordinary Khan, but often referred to as such in... The Khazars (Hebrew Kuzari כוזרי Kuzarim כוזרים; Turkish Hazar Hazarlar; Russian Хазарин Хазары; Tatar sing Xäzär Xäzärlär; Crimean Tatar: ; Greek Χαζάροι/Χάζαροι; Persianخزر khazar; Latin Gazari or Cosri) were a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia, many of whom converted to Judaism. ... Events Maya civilization city of Dos Pilas is abandoned. ... Subutai (1176 to 1248) (Mongolian: Сүбээдэй, Sübügätäi or Sübüätäi , Chinese:速不台) was the primary strategist and general of Genghis Khan and Ögedei Khan. ... The Secret History of the Mongols is the first literary work of Mongolian culture. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... Two Mughal Emperors have had the name of Bahadur Shah: Bahadur Shah I Bahadur Shah Zafar II. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Muazzam Bahadur Shah (Persian: Bahādur Shāh; his name Bahādur means brave)(October 14, 1643 – February 1712), also known as Shah Alam I was the Mughal emperor of India from 1707 to 1712. ... Bahadur Shah II (1775-1862) aka Bahadur Shah Zafar (Zafar was his nom de plume, or takhallus, as an Urdu poet) was the last of the Mughal emperors in India. ... Baba Banda Singh Bahadur is revered as one of Sikhisms greatest warriors as well as one of its most hallowed martyrs. ... Religions Sikhism Scriptures Guru Granth Sahib Languages English, Punjabi] A Sikh (English: or ; Punjabi: , , IPA: ) is an adherent to Sikhism. ... For other persons of the same name, see Báthory. ...

References

1. ^ C. Fleischer, "Bahādor", in Encyclopaedia Iranica
2. ^ Grousset 194.

Encyclopædia Iranica is a project in Columbia Universitys Center for Iranian studies, to create an English language encyclopedia about Iran and Persia. ...

See also

• alıp
• alpawıt.

Alıp (Alp) is a Turkic term referring for Title of nobles serving in military of Göktürk and Khazar qaghanates, Volga Bulgaria and some other states. ... Alpawıt (Alpağıt) is an ancient Turkic term, that had a similar meaning with batır and probably was derived from alıp. In 6th-13th centuries alpawıt was a chief of military units, especially of guard. ...

Sources

• Brook, Kevin Alan. The Jews of Khazaria. 2nd ed. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2006.
• Grousset, R. The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia. Rutgers Univ. Press, 1988.
• Saunders, J. The History of the Mongol Conquests. Univ. of Penn. Press, 2001.