The Bagratuni or Bagrationi or Bagratid royal dynasty (Armenian: Բագրատունյաց Արքայական Տոհմ or Bagratunyac Arqayakan Tohm, Georgian: ბაგრატიონთა სამეფო დინასტია or Bagrationta Samepo Dinastia) is a royal family whose ascendancy in Transcaucasia lasted for more than a millennium, since the 8th century until the early 19th century. Branches of the Bagratid family formerly ruled many regional polities, including Georgia, Armenia, Abkhazia, Kars, Imereti, Kakheti, and Taron. Transcaucasia is the name given to a region south of the Caucasus Mountains that covers Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Official languages Abkhaz, Russian Political status De Facto Independent Capital Sukhumi Capitals coordinates 43°01′N 41°02′E President¹ Sergei Bagapsh Prime Minister¹ Alexander Ankvab ¹ De-facto government Chairman of the Supreme Council² Temur Mzhavia Chairman of Cabinet of Ministers² Irakli Alasania ² Pro-Georgian Government in exile Independence... Kars (Armenian: Ô¿Õ¡Ö€Õ½) is a city in northeast Turkey and the capital of the Kars Province, formerly at the head of a sanjak in the Turkish vilayet of Erzurum. ... Imereti is a historic province in Western Georgia, situated along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni river. ... Categories: Caucasus geography stubs | Georgia (country) ... Taron was a region of old region of Armenia divised in four districts: Mamikonian, Palauni, (Belabitene), Artokh (Ardjish or Artzike, North of Van Lake) and Olnut or Enut Categories: Regions of old Armenia ...

Early history

The Bagratid family first emerged as naxarars, members of the hereditary nobility of Armenia. Their holdings were in the region of Sper, in the Chorokhi valley. As early as 288-301, the Bagratid prince Smbat held the hereditary Armenian titles of Master of the Horse and t'agatir, or coronant of the King.^{[citation needed]} Sper may refer to: Sper (Georgia), an ancient Georgian principality Sper (Armenia), an old region of old Armenia This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...

According to Prince Cyril Toumanoff, the earliest Bagratid prince was chronicled as early as 314 AD. In the eighth century, a later Bagratid prince (also named Smbat) revolted against the Arab Caliphate. The revolt was defeated, but was successful enough to set the stage for Georgian and Armenian independence. Events August 30 - Council of Arles, which confirmed the pronouncement of Donatism as a schism, and passed other canons. ...

Certain, generation by generation, history of the family begins only in the 8th century. The later Bagratids also claimed descent from King David of the Hebrew Bible. The claim is given no credence by modern scholarship, but was accepted in its day and lent prestige to the family.

Bagratids in Armenia

The Bagratid Princes of Armenia are known as early as 1st cenury B.C. when they served under the Artaxiads. Unlike most noble families on Armenia they held only strips of land, as opposed to the Mamikonians, who held a unified land territory. These are the earliest Bagratid princes in Armenia prior to the establishment of the kingdom, as mentioned by the Union of Armenian Noblemen. Ashot I was the first Bagratid King, the founder of the Royal dynasty. He was recognized as prince of princes by the court at Baghdad in 861, which provoked war with local Arab emirs. Ashot won the war, and was recognized as King of the Armenians by Baghdad in 885. Recognition from Constantinople followed in 886. These are the kings of the Bagratid kings of Armenia. The Armenian Bagratids built as their capital the city of Ani, now famous for its ruins. They kept power by playing off the competition between the Byzantine Empire and the Arabs. They assumed the Persian-influenced titles of the King of Kings in both Armenia and Georgia. To note, there are inscriptions on some churches of Ani citing Armenian kings Shahanshas of the Armenians and Georgians. However, with the start of the 10th century and on, the Bagratunis broke up into different branches, breaking up the unified kingdom in a tiume when unity was needed in the face of Seljuq and Byzantine pressure. The rule of the Ani branch ended in 1045 with the conquest of Ani by the Byzantines. The Kars branch held on until 1064. However, the longest to last were the Bagratids of the Armenian region occupied by the principality of Lori(Tashir-Dzoraget) who were the only Armenian Bagratid kings to issue coins. The dynasty of Cilician Armenia is believed to be a branch of the Bagratids, later took the throne of an Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia. The founder, Roupen I, had an unknown relationship to the exiled king Gagik II. He was either a younger family member or kinsman.Ashot, son of Hovhannes (son of Gagik II) was later governor of Ani under the Shaddadid dynasty. Ashot I Bagratuni was an Armenian prince who, with Ashot II, oversaw Armenias second golden age (862–977). ... Location of Baghdad within Iraq Baghdad (Arabic: ‎ translit: , Kurdish: Bexda, from Persian Baagh-daad meaning given by God) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate. ... Events Carloman revolts against his father Louis the German. ... Events Vikings besiege Paris Stephen VI elected pope Oldest known mentioning of Baky Births Emperor Daigo of Japan Deaths Pope Adrian III April 6: Saint Methodius, bishop and Bible translator Categories: 885 ... Map of Constantinople. ... Events The Glagolitic alphabet, devised by Cyril and Methodius, missionairies from Constantinople, is adopted in the Bulgarian Empire. ... For the abbreviation or acronym ANI, please see ANI. In Etruscan mythology, Ani was the sky god, perhaps equivalent to the Roman Janus. ... Byzantine Empire (Greek: ), is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Events Emperor Go-Reizei ascends the throne of Japan. ... Armenian Cilicia and Crusader States Cilicia The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (sometimes referred to as Armenia Minor or Lesser Armenia) was a state formed in the Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia. ... Cilicia as Roman province, 120 AD In Antiquity, Cilicia (Ki-LIK-ya) was a region, and often a political unit, on the southeastern coast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey), north of Cyprus. ... The Shaddadids were a Kurdish dynasty, who ruled in various parts of Armenia, including Arran from 951-1174 or 1199 A.D. They were established Dvin. ...

Bagratids in Georgia

Coat of Arms of the Georgian Bagrationi Royal Dynasty

The Bagratid family in Georgia began with the migration of one prince Ashot (780-826) from Armenia.^{[citation needed]} He settled in the Armeno-Georgian marchlands at Artanuji (part of the Armenian-Georgian Principality of Tao-Klarjeti also known as Tayk, now in the territory of Turkey). File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Tao-Klarjeti is the term conventionally used in modern history writing to describe the historic south-western Georgian principalities, now forming part of north-eastern Turkey and divided among the provinces of Erzurum, Artvin, Ardahan and Kars. ... Tayk In Armenian history writing, the term Tayk is often used as a pars pro toto for the historic northwest Armenian lands which are now located in north-eastern Turkey. ...

In 888, Adarnase II (888-923) revived the monarchy of Iberia and assumed the title King of the Georgians. Through marriage, inheritance, and conquest, his descendents gained control of what is today Georgia. Ancient countries of Caucasus: Armenia, Iberia, Colchis and Albania Iberia was a name given by the ancient Greeks and Romans to the ancient Georgian kingdom of Kartli (4th century BC-5th century AD) corresponding roughly to the eastern and southern parts of the present day Georgia. ...

The greatest representatives of this dynasty were David the Builder and Tamar of Georgia. Upon the latter's death in 1213, the ancient dynasty became extinct in a male line. Tamar's descendants by her marriage with the Ossetian prince David Soslan, however, continued to use the name of Bagrationi. This line is continued to the present day. David the Builder (David IV Bagrationi) (1073 - January 24, 1125) was a King of Georgia (1089-1125). ... Tamar as depicted on a mural from Vardzia monastery Tamar (1160-1213), from the House of Bagrationi, was Queen of the Kingdom of Georgia from 1184 to 1213. ... Events September 12 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. ... David Soslan (Georgian: დავით სოსლანი) (d. ...

In the 15th century, the dynasty was split into three male lines, reigning in Kartli, Kacheti, and Imereti, respectively. In the mid-18tn century, the Kachetian line usurped power in Kartli, thus uniting Eastern Georgia once again. The last king of this entity, Georgi XII, anxious to stop burgeoning Islamization of his lands, aligned himself with the Russian Empire, which effectively occupied his realm in 1801 and that of Imereti in 1810. Consequently, the last Bagrationi monarch was Solomon II of Imereti (1789-1810). Kartli is the largest and most populated province of Eastern Georgia. ... Imereti is a historic province in Western Georgia, situated along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni river. ... Kartli is the largest and most populated province of Eastern Georgia. ... Islamization is a neologism coined to describe the process of a societys conversion to the religion of Islam, or the increase in observance by an already Muslim society. ... Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of Russian history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Imereti is a historic province in Western Georgia, situated along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni river. ...

The modern Bagrationi are represented by four main families. The eldest family is that of the Bagratids of Georgia (Russian: Princes Gruzinsky), descending from Erekle II, the last king of unified Georgia. Then there are the Bagratids of Imeretia (Russian: Princes Imeretinsky), extinct in the male line since 1978 but continued through illegitimate issue. Finally, there are the Bagrationi-Mukhraneli, branched off from the senior line in the 16th century but still claiming the Georgian crown, and the Bagrationi-Davitashvili, descending from a natural son of Alexander I. Erekle II (aka Irakli) (1720-1798), Georgian king of the Bagrationi dynasty, ruled Kingdom of Kakheti in 1744-1762 and Kartl-Kakheti in 1762-1798. ... Imereti is a historic province in Western Georgia, situated along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni river. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... Alexander I, “the Great” (Georgian: ალექსანდრე I დიდი, Aleksandre I Didi) (1386 – 1446), of the Bagrationi house, was king of Georgia from 1412 to 1442. ...

See also

• List of Bagratuni rulers of Armenia
• List of Bagrationi rulers of Georgia

// Lords of Sper (Shirak, Ayrarat) and hereditary aspets of Armenia. ... // Erismtavars of Kartli (575-605, 786-809) Guaram I Kurapalate became the Erismtavars (Grand Duke) of Kartli (Georgian: Kartlis Erismtavari) in 575. ...

References

• "Sebeos' History"
• John Mamikonean's History of Taron"
• "Aristakes Lastivertc'i's History "
• "Kirakos Gandzakets'i's History of the Armenians"
• Chronicle of Sumbat Davitis dze
• "Moktsevai Kartlisai"
• "Tskhovreba Kartvelta Mepeta"
• "Matiane Kartlisa"

Genealogy

• I.L. Bichikashvili, D.V. Ninidze and A.N. Peikrishvili, The Genealogy of the Bagratides. Tbilisi, 1995.
• Prince Cyrille Toumanoff, Manuel de gйnйalogie et de chronologie pour l'histoire de la Caucasie Chrйtienne (Armйnie-Gйorgie-Albanie). Edizioni Aquila, Roma, 1976. - still remains the only account of the family generally available in the West, although its scientific standard has been criticized as very low.
• The Families of the Nobility of the Russian Empire, Volume III, Moscow, 1996. - contains the latest research available in Russian, compiled by Georgian scientists, some of them Bagratids themselves.
• Armenian Nobility Site
• Robert Bedrosian's History Page

History

• R. H. Hewsen. "Armenia: A Historical Atlas", 2001 ISBN 0-226-33228-4
• A. Khakhanov. "Histoire de la Georgie", Paris, 1900 (in French)
• A. Manvelichvili. "Histoire de la Georgie", Paris, 1951 (in French)
• A. Manvelishvili. "Russia and Georgia. 1801-1951", Vol. I, Paris, 1951 (in Georgian)
• K. Salia. "History of the Georgian Nation", Paris, 1983
• Kartlis Tskhovreba, vol. I-IV, Tbilisi, 1955-1973 (in Georgian)
• P. Ingorokva. Giorgi Merchule (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1954 (in Georgian)
• E. Takaishvili. "Georgian chronology and the beginning of the Bagratid rule in Georgia".- Georgica, London, v.I, 1935
• Sumbat Davitis dze. "Chronicle of the Bagrastion's of Tao-Klarjeti", with the investigation of Ekvtime Takaishvili, Tbilisi, 1949 (in Georgian)
• "Das Leben Kartlis", ubers. und herausgegeben von Gertrud Patch, Leipzig, 1985 (in German)
• V. Guchua, N. Shoshiashvili. "Bagration's".- Encyclopedia "Sakartvelo", vol.I, Tbilisi, 1997, pp. 318-319 (in Georgian)

Ekvtime Takaishvili ( January 3, 1863- February 21, 1953) was a great Georgian historian, archaeologist and public benefactor, Dr.Sci. ...

External links

• Genealogical account of Bagratids per Bichikashvili-Ninidze-Peikrishvili
• Genealogical account of Bagratids per Prince Toumanoff