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Bāguàzhăng (八卦掌)
Sun Lu-t'ang performing circle-walking
Also known as	Bāguà zhăng; Pa Kua Chang
Focus	Hybrid
Hardness	Internal (nèijiā)
Country of origin	China
Creator	Dong Haichuan (董海川)
Olympic Sport	No

Bāguàzhǎng is one of the major "internal" (a.k.a. Nèijiā) Chinese martial arts. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Sun Lu-tang (Sun Lutang 孫祿堂, 1861-1932) created Sun style (孫家) Tai Chi Chüan. ... This article is about a biological term. ... The term Nèijiā (Chinese: ; pinyin: nèi jÄ«a; Wade-Giles: nei4 chia1; literally internal/inside sect claimed by some schools as soft style) denotes the styles of Chinese martial arts, which Sun Lutang identified in the 1920s as Tai Chi Chuan, Xíngyìquán and... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... Dong Haichuan (董海川) was born on the 13th of October 1797 in Zhu village, Wen An County, Hebei Province, China and died on the 25th of October 1882 in Beijing. ... The term Nèijiā (Chinese: ; pinyin: nèi jÄ«a; Wade-Giles: nei4 chia1; literally internal/inside sect claimed by some schools as soft style) denotes the styles of Chinese martial arts, which Sun Lutang identified in the 1920s as Tai Chi Chuan, Xíngyìquán and... Kung fu redirects here. ...

Bāguà zhǎng literally means "eight trigram palm," referring to the trigrams of the I Ching (Yijing), one of the canons of Taoism. The bagua (Chinese: 八卦; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: pa kua; literally eight trigrams) is a fundamental philosophical concept in ancient China. ... Alternative meaning: I Ching (monk) The I Ching (Traditional Chinese: 易經, pinyin y jīng; Cantonese IPA: jɪk6gɪŋ1; Cantonese Jyutping: jik6ging1; alternative romanizations include I Jing, Yi Ching, Yi King) is the oldest of the Chinese classic texts. ... Alternative meaning: I Ching (monk) The I Ching (Simplified Chinese: 易经; Traditional Chinese: 易經, Hanyu Pinyin: Yì Jīng; Cantonese IPA: jɪk6gɪŋ1; Cantonese Jyutping: jik6ging1; alternative romanizations include I Jing, Yi Ching, Yi King) is the oldest of the Chinese classic texts. ... Taoism (or Daoism) is the English name referring to a variety of related Chinese philosophical traditions and concepts. ...

History

The creation of Baguazhang, as a formalised martial art, is attributed to Dong Haichuan (董海川) in the early 19th century, who apparently learned from Taoist, and possibly Buddhist, masters in the mountains of rural China. There is evidence to suggest a synthesis of several pre-existing martial arts taught and practiced in the region in which he lived, combined with Taoist circle walking. Dong Haichuan taught for many years in Beijing, eventually earning patronage by the Imperial court. Dong Haichuan (董海川) was born on the 13th of October 1797 in Zhu village, Wen An County, Hebei Province, China and died on the 25th of October 1882 in Beijing. ... For other uses of the words tao and dao, see Dao (disambiguation). ... A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by... Peking redirects here. ...

Famous disciples of Dong to become teachers were Yin Fu (尹福), Cheng Tinghua (程廷華), Song Changrong (宋長榮), Liu Fengchun (劉鳳春), Ma Weiqi (馬維棋), Liang Zhenpu(梁振蒲) and Liu Dekuan (刘德宽). Although they were all students of the same teacher, their methods of training and expressions of palm techniques differed. The Cheng and Liu styles are said to specialize in "Pushing" the palms, Yin style is known for "Threading" the palms, Song's followers practice "Plum Flower" (梅花 Mei Hua) palm technique and Ma style palms are known as "Hammers." Some of Dong Haichuan's students, including Cheng Tinghua, participated in the Boxer Rebellion. In general, most Bagua practitioners practice either the Yin (尹), Cheng (程), or Liang (梁) styles of Baguazhang, although Fan (樊), Shi (史), Liu (劉), Fu (傅), and other styles also exist. (The Liu style is a special case, in that it is rarely practiced alone, but as a complement to other styles.) To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Cheng Tinghua Cheng Tinghua (also known as Cheng Ying-Fang) (程廷華) was born in 1848 in the Cheng family village, Shen County, Hebei Province. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Liang Zhenpu (梁振蒲) (1863 -1932) was born in Beihaojia Village in Ji County in Hebei province on May 20th, 1863 during the Qing Dynasty under the rule of Emperor Tongzhi, and died on August 13th at the age of 69 due to illness. ... Binomial name Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc. ... Combatants Eight-Nation Alliance (ordered by contribution): Empire of Japan Russian Empire British Empire France United States German Empire Kingdom of Italy Austro-Hungarian Empire Righteous Harmony Society Qing Dynasty (China) Commanders Edward Seymour Alfred Graf von Waldersee Ci Xi Strength 20,000 initially 49,000 total 50,000-100...

Of all of Dong Haichuan's students, Yin Fu studied with him the longest. Some practitioners of the Yin style say that Yin was the only disciple to learn both the entire Bagua fighting and healing systems of Dong Haichuan.^{[citation needed]}

Modern Styles

Styles List

• Yin Style
• Cheng Style
• Liang Style
• Gao Style
• Fu Style
• Shi Style
• Yin Yang Style (i.e. Tian style)

The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ... Cheng Style Baguazhang is the style of Baguazhang descended from Cheng Tinghua, the fourth disciple of Baguazhangs founder, Dong Haichuan (Yin Fu was the first, followed by Ma Weiqi and Shi Jidong). ... Liang Style Baguazhang is the style of Baguazhang descended from Liang Zhenpu (梁振蒲), the youngest disciple of Baguazhangs founder, Dong Haichuan. ... Gao Style Baguazhang (高式八卦掌) is the style of Baguazhang (八卦掌) descended from Gao Yisheng (高義盛), a student of Cheng Tinghua, who founded one of the two main branches of Baguazhang. ... Fu Style Baguazhang is a style of baguazhang, a chinese martial art. ...

Common Aspects

The practice of circle walking, or 'Turning the Circle', as it is sometimes called, is baguazhang's characteristic method of stance and movement training. Practitioners walk around the edge of a circle in various low stances, facing the center, and periodically change direction as they execute forms. Students first learn flexibility through such exercises, then move on to more complex forms and internal power mechanics. The internal aspects of baguazhang are very similar to those of xingyi and tai chi.

Many distinctive styles of weapons are contained within baguazhang, some use concealment like the "scholar's pan" or a pair of knives (the most elaborate which are unique to the style are the crescent-shaped deer horn knives). Baguazhang is also known for practicing with extremely large weapons, such as the Bāguàdāo (八卦刀), or 'Bagua Broadsword'. Other more conventional weapons are also used like the staff, straight (double-edged) sword, and spear. Baguazhang practitioners are also known for being able to use anything as a weapon using the principles of their art. Deer Horn Knives are a special form of knife consisting of two crescents crossing. ... Chinese Saber Dao (Chinese: 刀; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: tao1) is a category of single-edge Chinese swords primarily used for slashing and chopping (sabers), often called broadswords in English because some varieties have wide blades. ...

Baguazhang contains an extremely wide variety of techniques, including various strikes (with palm, fist, elbow, fingers etc), low kicks, joint locking techniques, throws, and distinctively evasive circular footwork.

See also

• Nèijiā
• Liuhebafa
• Neigong
• Neijin
• Pushing hands
• Jing (TCM)

The term Nèijiā (Chinese: ; pinyin: nèi jÄ«a; Wade-Giles: nei4 chia1; literally internal/inside sect claimed by some schools as soft style) denotes the styles of Chinese martial arts, which Sun Lutang identified in the 1920s as Tai Chi Chuan, Xíngyìquán and... Chen Tuan Note: The art may be spelled in different ways, for example: LiuHeBaFa, Lok Hup Ba Fa, Liu He Ba Fa, Liu Ho Pa Fa, Lok Hop Pat Fat, Liu He Ba Fa Chuan, and abbreviated as: LHBF or LHPF Liu He Ba Fa 六合八法拳 (Six Harmonies Eight Methods), was... Neigong 內功 , pinyin nèigōng, also spelt nei kung or neigung meaning internal skill is any of a set of Chinese breathing and meditation disciplines associated with Daoism and especially the Chinese martial arts. ... ‹The template below has been proposed for deletion. ... For other uses of the term, see Pushing Hands Pushing hands, (推手, Wade-Giles tui1 shou3, pinyin tuÄ« shÇ’u), is a name for two-person training routines practiced in internal Chinese martial arts such as Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang), Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan), Tai Chi Chuan... JÄ«ng (Chinese: ; Wade-Giles: ching1) is the Chinese word for essence, specifically kidney essence. ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... Bājíquán (Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; literally eight extremes fist; Japanese: , Hakkyokuken) is a Chinese martial art that features explosive, short range power and is famous for its elbow strikes. ... For other senses of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer (disambiguation). ... 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Shuai jiao (Chinese: 摔跤 or 摔角; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shuai-chiao) is the modern Chinese term for Chinese and Mongolian wrestling. ... Image:Ssireum-1. ... For other uses, see Sumo (disambiguation). ... Ancient Greek wrestlers (Pankratiasts) Wrestling is the act of physical engagement between two unarmed persons, in which each wrestler strives to get an advantage over or control of their opponent. ... YaÄŸlı GüreÅŸ (IPA:) is the Turkish national sport. ... For other uses, see Weapon (disambiguation). ... Battōjutsu ) is a Japanese term meaning techniques for drawing a sword. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the sport, which is distinguished from stage fencing and academic fencing (mensur). ... Gatka (Punjabi: , ) is a traditional Sikh martial art. ... 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References

• Robert W. Smith, Chinese Boxing, ISBN 1-55643-085-X
• Bok Nam, Park & Dan Miller, The Fundamentals of Pa Kua Chang: The Methods of Lu Shui-T'ien As Taught by Park Bok Nam., ISBN 0-86568-173-2
• Shou-Yu, Liang, Baguazhang : Emei Baguazhang Theory and Applications, ISBN 0-940871-30-0
• O'Brien, Jess, Nei Jia Quan: Internal Martial Arts Teachers of Tai Ji Quan, Xing Yi Quan, and Ba Gua Zhang ISBN 1-55643-506-1
• Frantzis, Bruce Kumar, The Power of Internal Martial Arts: Combat Secrets of Ba Gua, Tai Chi, and Hsing-I ISBN 1-55643-253-4

External links

• The Yin and Yang of Ba Gua Zhang: The Legends of Thin Yin and Spectacles Cheng by Frank Allen & Clarence Lu
• Emptyflower Bagua Links