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Bahrain, officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (Arabic: مملكة البحرين , Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn), is a borderless island country in the Persian Gulf. Saudi Arabia lies to the west and is connected to Bahrain by the King Fahd Causeway (officially opened on November 25, 1986), and Qatar is to the south across the Gulf of Bahrain. The Qatar–Bahrain Friendship Bridge being planned will link Bahrain to Qatar as the longest fixed link in the world[4]. Bahrain (Arabic: ‎ ) is a historical region in eastern Arabia that was known as the Province of Bahrain (Arabic: ‎ ) unitl the 16th century. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Bahrain. ...
Flag Ratio: 3:5 The national flag of Bahrain consists of a white band on the left separated from a red area on the right by five triangles that serve as a serrated line. ...
The Coat of Arms of Bahrain was designed in the 1930s by the British advisor to the King of Bahrain (then emir). ...
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ...
Bahrainona (Our Bahrain) is the national anthem of Bahrain. ...
This country locator map was created by Vardion and is released into the public domain. ...
Not to be confused with capitol. ...
Demographics of Bahrain, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. ...
Bahrain from space, June 1996 Manama (Arabic: المنامة Al-ManÄmah) is the capital city of Bahrain and is the countrys largest city with a population of approximately 155,000, roughly a quarter of countrys entire population. ...
An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...
Arabic redirects here. ...
A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ...
Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: A constitutional monarchy or limited monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, as opposed to an absolute monarchy, where the monarch is not...
The position of king of Bahrain was created in February 2002 when the then emir of Bahrain Hamad ibn Isa al-Khalifah gave himself the title of king. ...
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (Arabic: Øمد بن عيسى آل خليÙØ©) (born January 28, 1950 in Riffa, Bahrain) is the current King of Bahrain (since 2002), having previously been its Emir (from 1999). ...
In Bahrain, the Prime Minister is the head of government of the country. ...
‎Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (خليÙØ© بن سلمان آل خليÙØ©) (born 22 November 1936) is the Prime Minister of Bahrain. ...
is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ...
This article is about the physical quantity. ...
A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ...
This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ...
A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...
Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ...
A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ...
Map of countries by population for the year 2007 This is a list of countries ordered according to population. ...
Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ...
Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ...
PPP of GDP for the countries of the world (2003). ...
There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ...
Look up Per capita in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
This article includes two lists of countries of the world[1] sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average population for the same year. ...
This page talks about Human Development Index, for other HDIs see HDI (disambiguation) World map indicating Human Development Index (2007). ...
This talks about the countries in the Human Development Index, for information on the Human Development Index, please Click Here World map indicating Human Development Index (2007) (Colour-blind compliant map) For red-green color vision problems. ...
ISO 4217 Code BHD User(s) Bahrain Inflation 2. ...
ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ...
Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ...
UTC redirects here. ...
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ...
.bh is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bahrain. ...
This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ...
Arabic redirects here. ...
A borderless country may be defined as an island nation, an insular territory over which a nation-state is sovereign under international law, that does not share the land territory of its island with other nation-states sovereign under international law. ...
Island countries in the world An island country is a country that is wholly confined to an island or island group, and has no territory on the mainland of a continent. ...
Map of the Persian Gulf. ...
The view of the causeway from space The King Fahd Causeway (Arabic: جسر الملك Ùهد) is the combined bridging and viaduct connection between Khobar, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain settled on by a construction agreement signed on July 8, 1981. ...
is the 329th day of the year (330th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ...
The Qatar–Bahrain Friendship Bridge, given a green light in Feb 28, 2005, will link Bahrain near Manama to northwest Qatar near Zubarah as the longest fixed link in the world. ...
History -
Bahrain has been inhabited since ancient times. Its strategic location in the Persian Gulf has brought rule and influence from the Assyrians, Babylonians, Greeks, Persians, and finally the Arabs, under whom the island became Muslim. Bahrain was in ancient times known as Dilmun, later under its Greek name Tylos[5], then as Awal, and then by the Persian name Mishmahig, when it was a part of the Persian Empire. The name Bahrain comes from Arabic Bahárayn, literally meaning two seas, which is thought to be an inaccurate folk etymology for the much older, non-Semitic term, Bahran; according to some scholars Bahran originates from Varahrdn, the later form of the old Avestan Verethragna - a Zoroastrian divinity that is...
Bahrain (Arabic: ‎ ) is a historical region in eastern Arabia that was known as the Province of Bahrain (Arabic: ‎ ) unitl the 16th century. ...
Map of the Persian Gulf. ...
Language(s) Aramaic Religion(s) Syriac Christianity Related ethnic groups Other Semitic peoples, and other ethnic groups from the Fertile Crescent. ...
Babylonia was a state in southern Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq, combining the territories of Sumer and Akkad. ...
This article is about the Persian people, an ethnic group found mainly in Iran. ...
For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ...
There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...
Dilmun (sometimes transliterated Telmun) is associated with ancient sites on the islands of Bahrain in the Persian Gulf. ...
Persia redirects here. ...
Mishmahig Island, the present country known as Bahrain is a peninsular located in the southern half of the middle section of the Persian Gulf, which consist of 33 big and small islands. ...
Persia redirects here. ...
The islands of Bahrain, positioned in the middle south of the Persian Gulf, have attracted the attention of invaders throughout history. Bahrain is Arabic for "two seas", referring to the sweet water springs that can be found within the salty sea surrounding it[6] Map of the Persian Gulf. ...
A strategic position between East and West, fertile lands, fresh water, and pearl diving made Bahrain historically a center of urban settlement. Pearl diving was the main economy until cultured pearls were invented in early twentieth century and more when oil was discovered in 1930s. About 2300 BC, Bahrain became a centre of one of the ancient empires trading between Mesopotamia (now Iraq) and the Indus Valley (now in Pakistan and India). This was the civilization of Dilmun (sometimes transliterated Telmun) that was linked to the Sumerian Civilization in the third millennium BC. Bahrain became part of the Babylonian empire about 600 BC. Historical records referred to Bahrain with names such as the "Life of Eternity", "Paradise", and Eden. Bahrain was also called the "Pearl of the Persian Gulf". Bahrain has many trade partners". Until Bahrain adopted Islam in 629 AD, it was a centre for Nestorian Christianity[7]. Early Islamic sources describe it as being inhabited by members of the Abdul Qays, Tamim, and Bakr tribes, worshiping the idol "Awal". In 899, a millenarian Ismaili sect, the Qarmatians, seized hold of the country and sought to create a utopian society based on reason and the distribution of all property evenly among the initiates. The Qarmatians caused disruption throughout the Islamic world: they collected tribute from the caliph in Baghdad; and in 930 sacked Mecca and Medina, bringing the sacred Black Stone back to Bahrain where it was held to ransom. They were defeated in 976 by the Abbasids.[8] The final end of the Qarmatians came at the hand of the Arab Uyunid dynasty of al-Hasa, who took over the entire Bahrain region in 1076.[9] They controlled the Bahrain islands until 1235, when the islands were briefly occupied by the ruler of Fars. In 1253, the bedouin Usfurids brought down the Uyunid dynasty and gained control over eastern Arabia, including the islands of Bahrain. In 1330, the islands became tributary to the rulers of Hormuz,[10] though locally the islands were controlled by the Shi'ite Jarwanid dynasty of Qatif.[11] Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ...
Mesopotamia was a cradle of civilization geographically located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern-day Iraq. ...
The Indus (सिन्धु नदी) (known as Sindhu in ancient times) is the principal river of Pakistan. ...
Dilmun (sometimes transliterated Telmun) is associated with ancient sites on the islands of Bahrain in the Persian Gulf. ...
Babylonia was an ancient state in Iraq), combining the territories of Sumer and Akkad. ...
For other uses, see Garden of Eden (disambiguation). ...
Map of the Persian Gulf. ...
The term Nestorianism is eponymous, even though the person who lent his name to it always denied the associated belief. ...
This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...
Banu Bakr or Banu Bakr, son of Wail (Arabic: ) were an Arabian tribe belonging to the large Rabiah branch of Adnanite tribes, which also included Anizzah, Taghlib, and Bani Hanifa. ...
An idol is a man-made object that is venerated in some way. ...
Millenarianism or millenarism is the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming major transformation of society after which all things will be changed in a positive (or sometimes negative or ambiguous) direction. ...
The IsmÄÊ¿Ä«lÄ« (Urdu: اسماعیلی IsmÄÊ¿Ä«lÄ«, Arabic: الإسماعيليون al-IsmÄÊ¿Ä«liyyÅ«n; Persian: اسماعیلیان EsmÄÊ¿Ä«liyÄn) branch of Islam is the second largest part of the ShÄ«a community, after the Twelvers (IthnÄÊ¿ashariyya). ...
The Qarmatians (from Arabic qaramita قرامطة, also spelled Carmathians, Qarmathians, Karmathians etc. ...
The Qarmatians (from Arabic qaramita قرامطة, also spelled Carmathians, Qarmathians, Karmathians etc. ...
Baghdad (Arabic: ) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate. ...
This article is about the Islamic holy relic. ...
Abbasid provinces during the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid Abbasid was the dynastic name generally given to the caliphs of Baghdad, the second of the two great Sunni dynasties of the Muslim empire. ...
For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ...
Ash Sharqiyah, known as Eastern Province is the largest province of Saudi Arabia, located in the east of the country on the coasts of the Persian Gulf, and has borders with Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen. ...
Events Anglo-Norman invasion of Connacht St. ...
// Introduction Fars is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. ...
A Bedouin man in Sinai Peninsula The Bedouin, (from the Arabic (), pl. ...
The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ...
Distorted from Persian Ohrmuzd, Ahura Mazda. ...
Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...
Qatif or Al-Qatif (also spelled Qateef or Al-Qateef; Arabic: ) is a historic, coastal oasis region located on the western shore of the Persian Gulf in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. ...
Until the late Middle Ages, "Bahrain" referred to the larger historical region of Bahrain that included Ahsa, Qatif (both now within the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia) and the Awal (now the Bahrain) Islands. The region stretched from Basrah to the Strait of Hormuz in Oman. This was Iqlīm al-Bahrayn "Bahrayn Province." The exact date at which the term "Bahrain" began to refer solely to the Awal archipeligo is unknown.[12] The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ...
Bahrain (Arabic: ‎ ) is a historical region in eastern Arabia that was known as the Province of Bahrain (Arabic: ‎ ) unitl the 16th century. ...
Eastern Province (Arabic: ) is the largest province of Saudi Arabia, located in the east of the country on the Persian Gulf coast, and has land borders with Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen. ...
Location of Basra Basra (also known as Başrah or Basara; historically sometimes called Busra, Busrah, and early on Bassorah; Arabic: البصرة, Al-Basrah) is the second largest city of Iraq with an estimated population of about 1,377,000 in 2003. ...
In the mid-15th century, the islands came under the rule of the Jabrids, a bedouin dynasty that was also based in al-Ahsa and ruled most of eastern Arabia. The Portuguese invaded Bahrain in 1521 in alliance with Hormuz, seizing it from the Jabrid ruler Migrin ibn Zamil, who was killed in battle. Portuguese rule lasted for nearly 80 years, during which they depended mostly on Sunni Persian governors.[13] The view of the causeway from space The King Fahd Causeway (Arabic: جسر الملك Ùهد) is the combined bridging and viaduct connection between Khobar, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain settled on by a construction agreement signed on July 8, 1981. ...
Image File history File links Walter Tenney Carleton in 1891 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Walter Tenney Carleton in 1891 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
A Bedouin man in Sinai Peninsula The Bedouin, (from the Arabic (), pl. ...
Al-Ahsa, Al-Hasa, or Hasa, (Arabic: ‎ , locally ) is a governorate of Saudi Arabias Eastern Province about 60 km inland from the Persian Gulf. ...
The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ...
Distorted from Persian Ohrmuzd, Ahura Mazda. ...
Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
The Portuguese were expelled from the islands in 1602 by Abbas I of the Safavid dynasty of Iran, who instituted Shi'ism as the official religion in Bahrain.[14] The Iranian rulers retained sovereignty over the islands, with some interruptions, for nearly two centuries. For most of that period, they resorted to governing Bahrain indirectly, either through Hormuz or through local Sunni Arab clans, such as the Huwala.[15][16][17] During this period, the islands suffered two serious invasions by the Ibadhis of Oman in 1717 and 1738.[18][19] In 1753, the Huwala clan of Al Madhkur invaded Bahrain on behalf of the Iranians, restoring direct Iranian rule.[20] This page is about the year. ...
ShÄh ‘AbbÄs I or ShÄh ‘AbbÄs, The Great (Persian: ) born on (January 27, 1571 - January 19, 1629) was Shah of Iran, and the most eminent ruler of the Safavid Dynasty of the Persian Empire. ...
The Safavids were a long-lasting Turkic-speaking Iranian dynasty that ruled from 1501 to 1736 and first established Shiite Islam as Persias official religion. ...
Shia Islam (Arabic: or follower. ...
Distorted from Persian Ohrmuzd, Ahura Mazda. ...
Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
The Huwala (also spelled howala, howila, huwalah) (Arabic: الهولة) meaning Those that have changed or moved. Originally the Huwala word is Arabic, but since Persian does not contain the emphatic ḥ Ø present in Arabic, it pronounced it Huwala. ...
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// Events January 4 — The Netherlands, Britain & France sign Triple Alliance February 26-March 6 What is now the northeastern United States was paralyzed by a series of blizzards that buried the region. ...
Events February 4 - Court Jew Joseph Suss Oppenheimer is executed in Württenberg April 15 - Premiere in London of Serse, an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel. ...
1753 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...
The Huwala (also spelled howala, howila, huwalah) (Arabic: الهولة) meaning Those that have changed or moved. Originally the Huwala word is Arabic, but since Persian does not contain the emphatic ḥ Ø present in Arabic, it pronounced it Huwala. ...
In 1783, an alliance of Sunni Arab clans from the Arabian coast, led by the Al Khalifa, invaded and took control of Bahrain from the Persians and their Huwala allies, establishing an independent emirate.[21][22][23][disputed] The Al Khalifa, however, had to wither a series of Omani invasions between 1799 and 1828.[24][25] It was under the Al Khalifa's rule, in 1845, that a section of the Dawasir tribe from southern Nejd settled in Bahrain.[26] The Al Khalifa at times extended their authority to the northern shores of Qatar and the fort of Dammam on the Arabian coast. Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ...
For other uses, see Arab (disambiguation). ...
The Al-Khalifa dynasty is the ruling family of Bahrain. ...
The Persians of Iran (officially named Persia by West until 1935 while still referred to as Persia by some) are an Iranian people who speak Persian (locally named Fârsi by native speakers) and often refer to themselves as ethnic Iranians as well. ...
The Huwala (also spelled howala, howila, huwalah) (Arabic: الهولة) meaning Those that have changed or moved. Originally the Huwala word is Arabic, but since Persian does not contain the emphatic ḥ Ø present in Arabic, it pronounced it Huwala. ...
Etymologically an emirate or amirate (Arabic: إمارة Imarah, plural: إمارات Imarat) is the quality, dignity, office or territorial competence of any Emir (prince, governor etc. ...
1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
Year 1828 (MDCCCXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...
This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ...
Najd (Nejd) is a region in central Saudi Arabia and the location of the nations capital, Riyadh. ...
Dammam Corniche Dammam (Also Damman or Ad DammÄm) is the capital of the Ash Sharqiyah province in Saudi Arabia. ...
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After the Saudis conquered al-Hasa and Qatif in 1796, the Al Khalifa briefly became their tributaries.[27] When the Saudis re-established their power in the region in the 19th century, they attempted again to bring the emirate of Bahrain under their control, resulting in many battles and skirmishes between the two dynasties.[28] This, however, was opposed by the British, who by that time had become highly influential in the Gulf, viewing it as essential to their control of India.[29] Britain's policy in the Gulf at this time stipulated "uncompromising opposition" to the Saudis in Bahrain. In 1859, a British naval squadron was sent to protect the islands, and the British resident in the Persian Gulf notified the Saudi ruler Faisal ibn Turki Al Saud that it viewed Bahrain as an "independent emirate." In 1861, the British imposed a protection treaty on the emir of Bahrain, ending Saudi efforts to bring the islands under their sphere of influence.[30] The treaty was the culmination of a series of treaties with the British, beginning in 1820.[31] The country remained a British protectorate until 1971. The population of the island at the time was estimated to be around 70,000 persons.[32] In the early 1920s the islands were rocked by disturbances between the Dawasir and the Shi'ite Baharna of Bahrain. As a result, most of the Dawasir were compelled to leave Bahrain and settle on the Arabian mainland as subjects of Ibn Saud.[33] Ash Sharqiyah, known as Eastern Province is the largest province of Saudi Arabia, located in the east of the country on the coasts of the Persian Gulf, and has borders with Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen. ...
Qatif or Al-Qatif (also spelled Qateef or Al-Qateef; Arabic: ) is a historic, coastal oasis region located on the western shore of the Persian Gulf in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. ...
Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
Regional map showing the word Bahr Fars, (Persian Sea) in Arabic, from the 9th century text Al-aqalim by Persian geographer Istakhri. ...
Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...
1820 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ...
The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually when speaking about the United States. ...
This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ...
Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...
The Baharna (Arabic: ‎ } are the indigenous inhabitants of the villages and some of the coastal shores of the archipelago of Bahrain and the cities of Qatif and Al-Hasa on the Arabian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia (see historical region of Bahrain). ...
`Abd al-`Azīz as-Sa`ūd ( 1880 - November 9, 1953) (Arabic:عبدالعزيز آل سعود) was the first monarch of Saudi Arabia. ...
Oil was discovered in 1932 and brought rapid modernization to Bahrain. Bahrain was the first place to find oil in the whole region. It also made relations with the United Kingdom closer, evidenced by the British moving more bases there. British influence would continue to grow as the country developed, culminating with the appointment of Charles Belgrave as an advisor[34]; Belgrave established modern education systems in Bahrain[35]. Synthetic motor oil being poured. ...
Charles Dalrymple Belgrave was a British citizen and adviser to the rulers of Bahrain from 1926 until 1957. ...
After World War II, increasing anti-British sentiment spread throughout the Arab World and in Bahrain led to riots. The riots focused on the Jewish community which counted among its members distinguished writers and singers, accountants, engineers and middle managers working for the Oil Company, textile merchants with business all over the peninsula [Jews were not allowed to settle permanently in Saudi Arabia], and free professionals. Following the events of 1947, most of the members of Bahrain's Jewish community abandoned their properties and evacuated to Bombay and later settled in Palestine (later Israel - Tel Aviv's Pardes Chana neighborhood) and the United Kingdom. As of 2007 there were 36 Jews remaining in the country. The issue of compensation was never settled. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...
In 1960, the United Kingdom put Bahrain's future to international arbitration and requested that the United Nations Secretary-General take on this responsibility. In 1970, Iran laid claim to Bahrain and the other Persian Gulf islands. However, in an agreement with the United Kingdom it agreed to "not pursue" its claims on Bahrain if its other claims were realized. The following plebiscite saw Bahrainis confirm their Arab identity and independence from Britain. Bahrain to this day remains a member of the Arab League and Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. ...
Map of the Persian Gulf. ...
A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ...
Headquarters Cairo, Egypt1 Official languages Arabic Membership 22 Arab states 2 observer states Leaders - Secretary General Amr Moussa (since 2001) - Council of the Arab League Sudan - Speaker of the Arab Parliament Nabih Berri Establishment - Alexandria Protocol March 22, 1945 Area - Total 13,953,041 (Western Sahara Included) = 13,687,041...
Map indicating CCASG members Official languages Arabic Type Trade bloc Membership Arab states of the Persian Gulf (6) Leaders - Secretary-General Abdul Rahman ibn Hamad al-Attiyah Establishment - As the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) May 25, 1981 Population - estimate 40,338,196[1] GDP (nominal) estimate - Total $1 Trillion - Per...
The British withdrew from Bahrain on December 16, 1971, making Bahrain an independent emirate[36]. The oil boom of the 1970s greatly benefited Bahrain, but its downturn was felt badly. However, the country had already begun to diversify its economy, and had benefited from the Lebanese civil war that began in the 1970s; Bahrain replaced Beirut as the Middle East's financial hub as Lebanon's large banking sector was driven out of the country by the war[37]. is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ...
Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Israel Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat Ariel Sharon The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990) was a multifaceted civil war whose antecedents trace back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman...
This article is about the Lebanese city. ...
After the 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran, Bahraini Shī'a fundamentalists in 1981 orchestrated a failed coup attempt under the auspices of a front organization, the Islamic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain. The coup would have installed a Shī'a cleric exiled in Iran, Hujjatu l-Islām Hādī al-Mudarrisī, as supreme leader heading a theocratic government. [38] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 527 pixelsFull resolution (2276 × 1500 pixel, file size: 1. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 527 pixelsFull resolution (2276 × 1500 pixel, file size: 1. ...
The Boeing 747SP is a highly modified version of Boeings Boeing 747-100 offering special performance. Known during development as the short body 747SB, the shortened fuselage permitted longer range flights to be made. ...
This article is about the 1979 revolution in Iran. ...
After Ayatollah Khomeini came to power in Iran in 1979, Tehran made clear its intention to spread its Islamic Revolution throughout the Middle East. ...
The Islamic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain was an Iranian based Shia terror group that advocated Islamic revolution in Bahrain against the Sunni ruling Al Khalifa family in the 1970s and 1980s. ...
Hojatoleslam (or hojatalislam) is an honorific title meaning proof of Islam, given to middle-ranking Shia clerics of the rank of mujtahid. ...
Ayatollah Sayed Hadi Almodarresi or al-Modarresi (Arabic: هادي المدرسي; transliterated: HÄdÄ« al-MudarrisÄ«) Born to a scholarly family in Karbala, Iraq,that dominated the Hawza (Islamic seminaries) of Karbala for many years which includes supreme religious jurists (Marja’a) such as Grand Ayatollah Mahdi Al Shirazi (grandfather), Grand Ayatollah Mohammad...
Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: For other uses, see Theocracy (disambiguation). ...
In 1994, a wave of rioting by disaffected Shīa Islamists was sparked by women's participation in a sporting event. The Kingdom was badly affected by sporadic violence during the mid-1990s in which over forty people were killed in violence between the government and cleric-led opposition[39]. Islamism is a political ideology derived from the conservative religious views of Muslim fundamentalism. ...
 Manama, the capital of Bahrain In March 1999, King Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifah succeeded his father as head of state and instituted elections for parliament, gave women the right to vote, and released all political prisoners. These moves were described by Amnesty International as representing an "historic period of human rights."[40] The country was declared a kingdom in 2002. It formerly was considered a State and officially called a "Kingdom." Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 2700 KB) Summary The Bahraini capital can boast many modern buildings in this oil rich city in the Persian Gulf. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 2700 KB) Summary The Bahraini capital can boast many modern buildings in this oil rich city in the Persian Gulf. ...
Bahrain from space, June 1996 Manama (Arabic: المنامة Al-ManÄmah) is the capital city of Bahrain and is the countrys largest city with a population of approximately 155,000, roughly a quarter of countrys entire population. ...
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (Arabic: Øمد بن عيسى آل خليÙØ©) (born January 28, 1950 in Riffa, Bahrain) is the current King of Bahrain (since 2002), having previously been its Emir (from 1999). ...
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Politics | Bahrain | 
This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of
Bahrain Politics of Bahrain takes place in a framework of a constitutional monarchy, with an executive appointed by the king, Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa and a bi-cameral legislature, with the Chamber of Deputies elected by universal suffrage, and the Shura Council appointed directly by the king. ...
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- See also: Bahraini parliamentary election, 2006 and Human rights in Bahrain
Bahrain is a constitutional monarchy headed by the King, Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa; the head of government is the Prime Minister, Shaikh Khalīfa bin Salman al Khalifa, who presides over a cabinet of twenty-three members [41]. Bahrain has a bicameral legislature with a lower house, the Chamber of Deputies, elected by universal suffrage and the upper house, the Shura Council, appointed by the king. Both houses have forty members. The inaugural elections were held in 2002, with parliamentarians serving four year terms; the first round of voting in the 2006 parliamentary election took place on 25 November 2006, and second round run-offs were decided on 2 December 2006[42]. The opening up of politics has seen big gains for both Shīa and Sunnī Islamists in elections, which has given them a parliamentary platform to pursue their policies. This has meant that what are termed "morality issues" have moved further up the political agenda with parties launching campaigns to impose bans on female mannequins displaying lingerie in shop windows[43], sorcery, and the hanging of underwear on washing lines[44], as well as change the building by laws to fit one-way glass to houses to prevent residents being able to see out[45]. Analysts of democratization in the Middle East cite the Islamists' references to respect for human rights in their justification for these programmes as evidence that these groups can serve as a progressive force in the region. The position of king of Bahrain was created in February 2002 when the then emir of Bahrain Hamad ibn Isa al-Khalifah gave himself the title of king. ...
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (Arabic: Øمد بن عيسى آل خليÙØ©) (born January 28, 1950 in Riffa, Bahrain) is the current King of Bahrain (since 2002), having previously been its Emir (from 1999). ...
In Bahrain, the Prime Minister is the head of government of the country. ...
‎Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (خليÙØ© بن سلمان آل خليÙØ©) (born 22 November 1936) is the Prime Minister of Bahrain. ...
The National Assembly is the name of both chambers of the Bahraini parliament when sitting in joint session, as laid out in the Constitution of 2002. ...
The Consultative Council (majlis al-shura) is the name given to the upper house of the National Assembly, the main legislative body of Bahrain. ...
The Council of Representatives (majlis an-nuwab), sometimes translated as the Chamber of Deputies, is the name given to the lower house of the Bahraini National Assembly, the main legislative body of Bahrain. ...
Political parties from the former Communist Left to the Islamist Right sit in parliament in Bahrain, but are known technically as Political Associations or Blocs. ...
The National Assembly is bicameral with the lower house, the Chamber of Deputies, having 40 members elected in single-seat constituencies for a four year term. ...
Bahrain will hold parliamentary elections on 25 November 2006 for the 40-seat lower house of parliament, the Chamber of Deputies, as well as municipal elections, and is currently in the midst of an election campaign. ...
The Kingdom of Bahrain, or Bahrain, is a borderless country in the Persian Gulf (Southwest Asia/Middle East, Asia). ...
// The Penal Code of 1976, still active today, has been widely criticized by local and international human rights bodies for granting the regime widespread powers to suppress dissent. ...
Women’s political rights have been a cornerstone of the political reforms initiated by King Hamad with for the first time women being given the right to vote and stand as candidates in national elections after the constitution was amended in 2002. ...
Bahrain plays a modest, moderating role in regional politics and adheres to the views of the Arab League on Middle East peace and Palestinian rights. ...
Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ...
Politics of Bahrain takes place in a framework of a constitutional monarchy, with an executive appointed by the king, Shaikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa and a bi-cameral legislature, with the Chamber of Deputies elected by universal suffrage, and the Shura Council appointed directly by the king. ...
Bahrain will hold parliamentary elections on 25 November 2006 for the 40-seat lower house of parliament, the Chamber of Deputies, as well as municipal elections, and is currently in the midst of an election campaign. ...
// The Penal Code of 1976, still active today, has been widely criticized by local and international human rights bodies for granting the regime widespread powers to suppress dissent. ...
Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: A constitutional monarchy or limited monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, as opposed to an absolute monarchy, where the monarch is not...
Hamad ibn Isa al-Khalifah (born January 28, 1950 in Doha, Qatar) (Arabic: Øمد بن عيسى آل خليÙØ©) is the current King of Bahrain (from 2002), having previously been its Emir (since 1999). ...
Shaikh (Arabic: شيخ ),(also rendered as Sheik, Shaykh or Sheikh) is a word in the Arabic language meaning elder of tribe, lord or a revered old man. ...
‎Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa (خليÙØ© بن سلمان آل خليÙØ©) (born 22 November 1936) is the Prime Minister of Bahrain. ...
In government, bicameralism is the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. ...
Bahrain will hold parliamentary elections on 25 November 2006 for the 40-seat lower house of parliament, the Chamber of Deputies, as well as municipal elections, and is currently in the midst of an election campaign. ...
is the 329th day of the year (330th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Islamist parties have been particularly critical of the government's readiness to sign international treaties such as the United Nation's International Convention on Civil and Political Rights[46]. At a parliamentary session in June 2006 to discuss ratification of the Convention, Sheikh Adel Mouwda, the former leader of salafist party, Asalah, explained the party's objections: "The convention has been tailored by our enemies, God kill them all, to serve their needs and protect their interests rather than ours. This why we have eyes from the American Embassy watching us during our sessions, to ensure things are swinging their way" [47]. UN redirects here. ...
Sheikh Adel Al Mouwda was the second deputy chairman of Bahrains parliament of 2002, the Chamber of Deputies, and the former leader of salafist party, Asalah. ...
A Salafi (Arabic سلفي lit. ...
Asalah is the main Salafist party in Bahrain, and after 2002s general election is one of the most well represented in the Kingdoms parliament with seven MPs. ...
Both Sunnī and Shī'a Islamists suffered a setback in March 2006 when 20 municipal councillors, most of whom represented religious parties, went missing in Bangkok on an unscheduled stopover when returning from a conference in Malaysia[48]. After the missing councillors eventually arrived in Bahrain they defended their stay at the Radisson Hotel in Bangkok, telling journalists it was a "fact-finding mission", and explaining: "We benefited a lot from the trip to Thailand because we saw how they managed their transport, landscaping and roads." [49]
Bahraini liberals have responded to the growing power of religious parties by organizing themselves to campaign through civil society in order to defend basic personal freedoms from being legislated away. In November 2005, al Muntada, a grouping of liberal academics, launched "We Have A Right", a campaign to explain to the public why personal freedoms matter and why they need to be defended. Political parties from the former Communist Left to the Islamist Right sit in parliament in Bahrain, but are known technically as Political Associations or Blocs. ...
Al Muntada (or The Forum) is a Bahrain society set up by academics, journalists and businessmen to promote liberalism in the Kingdom. ...
We Have A Right is a political campaign launched to protect personal freedoms in Bahrain by the society of liberal intellectuals, Al Muntada, on 22 November 2005. ...
Women's political rights in Bahrain saw an important step forward when women were granted the right to vote and stand in national elections for the first time in the 2002 election. However, no women were elected to office in that year’s polls and instead Shī'a and Sunnī Islamists dominated the election, collectively winning a majority of seats. In response to the failure of women candidates, six were appointed to the Shura Council, which also includes representatives of the Kingdom’s indigenous Jewish and Christian communities. The country's first female cabinet minister was appointed in 2004 when Dr. Nada Haffadh became Minister of Health, while the quasi-governmental women's group, the Supreme Council for Women, trained female candidates to take part in the 2006 general election. When Bahrain was elected to head the United Nations General Assembly in 2006 it appointed lawyer and women's rights activist Haya bint Rashid Al Khalifa as the President of the United Nations General Assembly [50], only the third woman in history to head the world body[51]. Women’s political rights have been a cornerstone of the political reforms initiated by King Hamad with for the first time women being given the right to vote and stand as candidates in national elections after the constitution was amended in 2002. ...
The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ...
For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
The Supreme Council for Women is Bahrain’s advisory body to the government on womens issues. ...
Spanish president in the General Assembly in New York Org type: Principal Organ Acronyms: GA, UNGA Head: President of the UN General Assembly As of 18 September 2007 Srgjan Kerim former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Status: Active Established: 1945 Website: www. ...
Haya Rashed Al-Khalifa will be the President of the 61st United Nations General Assembly when it opens on September 12, 2006. ...
The President of the United Nations General Assembly is a position voted for by representatives in the United Nations General Assembly on a yearly basis. ...
The king recently created the Supreme Judicial Council[52] to regulate the country's courts and institutionalize the separation of the administrative and judicial branches of government[53]; the leader of this court is Mohammed Humaidan.
On 11–12 November 2005, Bahrain hosted the Forum for the Future bringing together leaders from the Middle East and G8 countries to discuss political and economic reform in the region. [54] The Forum for the Future in Bahrain on 11-12 November 2005 brought together the leaders of states of the Middle East, industrialised countries of the Group of Eight (G8) and other partners to promote political, economic and social reform in the region. ...
The near total dominance of religious parties in elections has given a new prominence to clerics within the political system, with the most senior Shia religious leader, Sheikh Isa Qassim, playing what’s regarded as an extremely important role; according to one academic paper, “In fact, it seems that few decisions can be arrived at in Al Wefaq – and in the whole country, for that matter – without prior consultation with Isa Qassim, ranging from questions with regard to the planned codification of the personal status law to participation in elections.”[55] Al Wefaq National Islamic Society is Bahrains most largest political society. ...
In 2007, Al Wefaq-backed parliamentary investigations are credited with forcing the government to remove ministers who had frequently clashed with MPs: the Minister of Health, Dr Nada Haffadh (who was also Bahrain’s first ever female cabinet minister) and the Minister of Information, Dr Mohammed Abdul Gaffar[56]. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Governorates Bahrain is split into five governorates. Until July 3, 2002, it was divided |
