Baia Mare

County	Maramureş County
Status	County capital
Mayor	Cristian Anghel, National Liberal Party, since 2000
Area	233.3 km²
Population (2002)	137,976 (2002 census) 149,735 (as of July 1, 2004)[1] Image File history File links Download high resolution version (431x641, 79 KB) Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Baia Mare ... Image File history File links Baia_Mare_in_Romania. ... Administrative map of Romania. ... Maramureş (Hungarian: Máramaros) is a county (judeţ) in the Maramureş region, northern Romania, in the North of Transylvania with the capital city at Baia Mare (population: 149,735). ... The Partidul Naţional Liberal (National Liberal Party) is a liberal party in Romania, and the second largest party in parliament, being edged out only by the Social Democratic Party. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... 2002 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Density	641 inh/km²
Geographical coordinates	47°43′N, 23°20′E
Web site	http://www.baiamarecity.ro/

Baia Mare (meaning Big Mine, pronunciation in Romanian: /'ba.ja 'ma.re/; name in Hungarian: Nagybánya, German: Frauenbach and seldom Neustadt) is an important city in northern Romania and the seat of Maramureş County. It is located in the northern part of the county, on the middle course of the Sasar River, at an average altitude of 228 metres, surrounded by the Igniş and Gutâi mountains. The city has an area of 233 km² and also contains the following settlements: Blidari, Firiza, Valea Neagră and Valea Borcutului. In terms of area, Baia Mare, including the previously mentioned settlements and the forests within the city limits, is one of the largest cities in Romania, being a few square miles larger than the country's capital, Bucharest. However, it is ranked 17th in terms of population. Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... MaramureÅŸ (Hungarian: Máramaros) is a county (judeÅ£) in the MaramureÅŸ region, northern Romania, in the North of Transylvania with the capital city at Baia Mare (population: 149,735). ... 1. ...

Due to the concentration of economic activities found in the city and their importance, Baia Mare ranks third in northwest Romania, after Cluj Napoca and Oradea. County Cluj County Status County capital Mayor Emil Boc, Democratic Party, since 2004 Area 179. ... County Bihor County Status County capital Mayor Petru Filip, Democratic Party, since 2000 Area 111. ...

Population

The municipality of Baia Mare has a total population of 149,735, the majority being Romanians. The city is also home to a sizeable Hungarian community. The ethnic composition of the city is as follows:

• Romanian: 114,213 (82.81%)
• Hungarian: 20,467 (14.84%)
• Roma: 2,092 (1.51%)
• German: 507 (0.36%)
• Ukrainian: (0.25%)

and 642 others, including Ukrainians due to the city's proximity to Romania's border with Ukraine. The Roma people (pronounced rahma, singular Rom, sometimes Rroma, and Rrom) along with the closely related Sinti people are commonly known as Gypsies in English, and as Tsigany in most of Europe. ...

Before the Second World War, Baia Mare had a large Jewish Community, more than 10.000 Jews, out of which only around 70 still live in the city, due to the extermination of the Jews in the Holocaust.

Geography

The city is situated in the vicinity of the Gutâi and Igniş Mountains. Altitudes reach 1400 meters in some peaks. The area is famous for its outstanding landscapes and the mountains are easily accessible from the city, famous routes being: Igniş (1307 meters), Mogoşa (1246 meters), Gutâi (1443 meters), Creasta Cocosului (1450 meters), Piatra Soimului (839 meters), Plestioara (803 meters), Dealul Bulat (683 meters), Dealul Crucii (500 meters) etc. Some of these mountains provide skiing slopes, most notably the one at Mogoşa, which is the most difficult slope in Northern Romania^{[citation needed]}. The city is situated in the Baia Mare valley and is encircled on all sides by hills and mountains, which makes the climate in the city milder than the rest of the surrounding area. Proof of this is that the outskirts of Baia Mare are the only areas where you can find chestnut trees that usually need Mediterranean climate to grow. This is the northern most reach of the chestnut tree. However, abrupt temperature changes take place and, during the winters, the temperatures may occasionally drop below -20. The summers are mild, cooler than in the rest of the country. The precipitations in this area are quite high, due to the mountains in the north and east which do not allow the air masses to pass, the average rainfall being almost 1000 mm/year. The city of Baia Mare is the most populated of all Northern Romanian cities (Satu Mare, Suceava and Botoşani), with a population of approximately 149,735. It also has high a level of culture and education, being home to many theatres, schools, museums and art galleries. Not far from the city there are a few very important natural reservations, among which: Creasta Cocoşului, Cheile Tătărului, Lacul Albastru etc. Because of its privileged location in the Eastern Carpathian mountains it is considered one of the most picturesque cities in Romania.

Politics

The Baia Mare Municipal Council, elected in the 2004 local government elections, is made up of 23 councillors, with the following party composition:

The Partidul Naţional Liberal (National Liberal Party) is a liberal party in Romania, and the second largest party in parliament, being edged out only by the Social Democratic Party. ... The Social Democratic Party of Romania (in Romanian, Partidul Social Democrat, PSD) is a major political party of Romania. ... The Democratic Party (Romanian: Partidul Democrat, PD) is a centre-right (formerly social democrat) party of Romania. ... The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, (also Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania; Hungarian: Romániai Magyar Demokrata Szövetség, RMDSZ; Romanian: Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România, UDMR) is a Romanian political alliance, effectively (though not officially) a party, representing ethnic Hungarians in Romania. ... Great Romania Party campaign poster for the Romanian presidential election, 2004. ...

History

During the Bronze Age, the region around Baia Mare was the realm of the Thracians, from whom the Geto-Dacians later descended. It was also part of the large Dacian state formed by Burebista. The first mention of the settlement is from 1142, when King Géza II of Hungary settled it with Transylvanian Saxons. The name of the settlement was Frauenbach in German (Asszonypataka in Hungarian, Rivulus Dominarum in Latin), meaning “River of the Ladies” or “Women's Brook”. The richest documentation, however, is found in the act of privilege issued by Louis I of Hungary in 1347. The Bronze Age is a period in a civilizations development when the most advanced metalworking has developed the techniques of smelting copper from natural outcroppings and alloys it to cast bronze. ... Thracian peltast, 5th to 4th century BC Thracian Horseman Thracians in an ethnic sense refers to various ancient peoples who spoke Dacian and Thracian, a scarcely attested branch of the Indo-European language family. ... The Getae (Γέται, singular Γέτης; Getae) was the name given by the Greeks and Romans to several Thracian tribes that occupied the regions south of the Lower Danube in what is today northern Bulgaria, especially near modern Dobruja and in the Muntenian plain. ... Dacia, in ancient geography the land of the Daci, named by the ancient Greeks Getae, was a large district of Southeastern Europe, bounded on the north by the Carpathians, on the south by the Danube, on the west by the Tisa, on the east by the Tyras or Nistru, now... Dacian Kingdom, during the rule of Burebista, 82 BC Burebista,[1] the greatest king of Dacia, ruled between 70 BC and 44 BC. He unified the Thracian population from Hercynia (todays Moravia) in the west, to the Bug River in the east, and from the northern Carpathians to Dionysopolis... Events End of the reign of Emperor Sutoku, emperor of Japan Emperor Konoe ascends to the throne of Japan Henry the Lion becomes Duke of Saxony Births Farid od-Din Mohammad ebn Ebrahim Attar, Persian mystical poet (died 1220) Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy (died 1192) Bornin1142, a GameFAQs user... Géza II (Hungarian: , Slovak: Gejza) was king of Hungary from 1141 until his death in 1161. ... The Transylvanian Saxons (German: ; Hungarian: ; Romanian: ) are a people of German origin who settled in Transylvania (German: ) from the 12th century onwards. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Louis the Great. ... Illustration of the Black Death from the Toggenburg Bible (1411). ...

In 1411 the Hungarian king exchanged the city for Belgrade with Djuradj Branković, prince of Serbia (from 1411 to 1521 Belgrade was a Hungarian border castle). A document from that year speaks of the Mint in Baia Mare, one of the oldest and most famous in Transylvania. Events February 11 : Peace of ToruÅ„ 1411 signed in ToruÅ„, Poland Births September 21 - Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, claimant to the English throne (died 1460) Juan de Mena, Spanish poet (died 1456) Deaths June 3 - Duke Leopold IV of Austria (born 1371) November 4 - Khalil Sultan, ruler of... Location of Belgrade within Serbia Coordinates: Country Serbia District City of Belgrade Municipalities 17 Government  - Mayor Nenad Bogdanović (DS) (since 2004)  - Ruling parties DS/DSS/G17+ Area  - City 3,222. ... Djuradj Branković was Serbian monarh who build Smederevo ... Anthem Serbia() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian language 1 Recognised regional languages Hungarian, Croatian, Slovak, Romanian, Rusyn 2 Albanian, English 3 Government Parliamentary republic  -  President Boris Tadić  -  Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment  -  Formation 8th century   -  First unified state c. ... Events January 3 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem. ... Map of Romania with Transylvania in yellow Transylvania (Romanian: or ; Hungarian: ; German: ; Serbian: / Transilvanija or / Erdelj) is a historical region in central and western Romania. ...

In 1446 the mines and domain of Baia Mare become the property of the Hunyadi family as a token of gratitude for the bravery shown by John Hunyadi in his battles against the invading Turks. John Hunyadi commissioned the Saint Stephen cathedral whose Stephen Tower remains a landmark of the city to this date. Events Mehmed II Sultan of the Ottoman Empire is forced to abdicate in favor of his father Murad II by the Janissaries. ... John Hunyadi, as imagined by a 17th century artist John Hunyadi (Medieval Latin: Ioannes Corvinus, German: Johann Hunyadi; Hungarian: Hunyadi János, Romanian: Iancu or Ioan de Hunedoara) (c. ...

In 1469 King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary bestowed upon the city the right to develop its defense system by erecting fortified walls and keeps, strengthened by deep moats and large palisades to keep out the invaders. Baia Mare thus became an impressive fortress. Events July 26 - Battle of Edgecote Moor October 17 - Prince Ferdinand of Aragon wed princess Isabella of Castile. ... Matthias Corvinus as depicted in Chronica Hungarorum by Johannes de Thurocz Matthias Corvinus (Matthias the Just) (February 23, 1443 (?) – April 6, 1490) was King of Hungary, ruling between 1458 and 1490. ...

In 1567 it was annexed by John Szigmond, prince of Transylvania. The city was in Szatmár County of the Kingdom of Hungary. Events The Duke of Alva arrives in the Netherlands with Spanish forces to suppress unrest there. ... Szatmár is the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. ... The Kingdom of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Királyság) is the name of a multiethnic kingdom that existed in Central Europe from 1000 to 1918. ...

In 1600, as a sign of gratitude for having cancelled several of the city's debts, the tenant of the local mines, Felician Herbstein, ordered a coin to be minted in gold, displaying the effigy of Michael the Brave, voivod of Wallachia. Collectors agree that this is an effigy of the prince of great numismatic value. 1600 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Engraving of Michael the Brave Mihai Viteazu redirects here. ... Voivod or (more common) voivoda is a Slavic term initially denoting first in command of a military unit. ... Map of Romania with Wallachia in yellow. ...

Between the years 1605 and 1606, 1621 and 1629, and 1645 and 1648, the city and the surrounding county was part of the Principality of Transylvania. From the 16th century the settlement was officially called Nagybánya. 1605 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events January 27 - The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins ending in their execution on January 31 May 17 - Supporters of Vasili Shusky invade the Kremlin and kill Premier Dmitri December 26 - Shakespeares King Lear performed in court Storm buries a village of St Ismails near... 1621 was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events March 4 - Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter. ... // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... 1648 (MDCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ...

In 1703, the legendary outlaw Pintea Viteazul was witness, alongside Francis II Rákóczi, to the freeing of the city from the hands of the Austrian Habsburgs during a kurucs war. The year 1889 saw the printing of the first newspaper in the Romanian language - "Gutinul" - a weekly paper dealing in social, literary and economic matters. In 1910 the town had 12,877 inhabitants: 9,992 (77.6%) Hungarians, 2,677 (20.8%) Romanians, 175 (1.4%) Germans.^[2] In the same time, the municipal area of the town had 30,584 inhabitants, including 83.73% Romanians, and 15.13% Hungarians. [1] Events February 2 - Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - Earthquake in Norcia, Italy April 21 - Company of Quenching of Fire (ie. ... Francis II Rákóczi Francis II Rákóczi (Borsi, March 27, 1676 - Rodosto, Ottoman Empire, April 8, 1735) was the leader of the Hungarian uprising against the Habsburgs in 1703-11 as the prince (fejedelem) of the Estates Confederated for Liberty of the Kingdom of Hungary. ... Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe. ... The kuruc (Hungarian: kuruczok/kurucok [sg. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

From 1919/1920 (Treaty of Trianon) to 1940 (Second Vienna Award), Baia Mare was part of the Kingdom of Romania, and during 1940-1944 part of Hungary. The Treaty of Paris after the Second World War returned the city to Romania. From 1952 to 1960 Baia Mare was in the Baia Mare Region, from 1960 to 1968 in the Maramureş Region, and since 1968 has been in Maramureş County. Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... The negotiations on June 4, 1920. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The Second Vienna Award was the second of two Vienna Awards. ... From 1859 to 1877, Romania evolved from a personal union of two vassal principalities (Moldavia and Wallachia) under a single prince to a full-fledged independent kingdom with a Hohenzollern monarchy. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday. ...

On 30 January 2000 a dam encircling a tailings pond at a facility operated by Aurul S.A. company broke. The result was a spill of 100,000 cubic meters of liquid and suspended waste containing 50 to 100 tonnes of cyanide^[3].

Economy

The economical activity of Baia Mare has been built around the mining activities located in the surrounding areas. However, after the 1989 Revolution these mining activities have decreased visibly, being replaced with several activities which have improved the city`s economy in recent years. Nowadays, Baia Mare has become one of the most economically evolved cities in the region^{[citation needed]}. As a result, several supermarkets have been built in the city, such as: 1 Metro, 2 Billa, 1 REAL, 1 Praktiker, 1 Artima, 1 Profi, 1 Kaufland etc.

Sister Cities

Baia Mare has signed town twinning agreements or partnership agreements with the following cities: For the 1997 film, see Twin Town Sign denoting twin towns of Neckarsulm, Germany Town twinning is a concept whereby towns or cities in geographically and politically distinct areas are paired with the goal of fostering human contact and cultural links. ...

• Serino, Italy, since 2003
• Nyíregyháza , Hungary, since 2003 - partnership only
• Hódmezovásárhely, Hungary, since 2001
• Bielsko-Biala, Poland, since 2001
• Hollywood, Florida, USA, since 2001
• Wels, Austria, since 2000
• Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, since 1990
• Szolnok, Hungary, since 1990
• Kitwe, Zambia, since 1972

Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Serino is a town (commune) in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Nyíregyháza (IPA: /ɲireÉŸhazÉ’/; approximate pronunciation: nyee-redy-haa-zah ) is a city in North-east Hungary and the county capital of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... HódmezÅ‘vásárhely   (pronounced , Romanian: IoneÅŸti) is a city in south-east Hungary, on the Great Hungarian Plain, at the meeting point of the Békés-Csanádi Ridge and the clay grassland surrounding the river Tisza. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland_corrected_(bordered). ... Motto: none Voivodship Silesian Municipal government Rada Miejska w Bielsku-Białej Mayor Jacek Krywult Area 125 km² Population  - city  - urban  - density 190 780 - 1526/km² Founded City rights - - Latitude Longitude 49°50 N 19°04 E Area code +48 33 Car plates SB Twin towns Acco, Baia Mare... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Hollywood is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Austria. ... Wels (population of 56,478 as of 2001) is the second largest city of the state of Upper Austria, located in the north of Austria, upon the Traun River near Linz. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ukraine. ... Location Map of Ukraine with Ivano-Frankivsk highlighted. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Aerial photography: Szolnok - Hungary The Catholic Church The Calvinist Church Szolnok (Romanian: ) is the capital of the county of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, central Hungary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Zambia. ... Kitwe is the third-largest town in Zambia, with a population of 363,734 (2000 census). ...

Gallery

The Romanian Soldier Monument Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 332 KB) Summary image Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Traian Boulevard Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 386 KB) Summary image Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Structures

• Chimney of Phoenix Copper Smelter, height: 351.5 metres, which is the tallest structure in Romania.

Phoenix Copper Smelter is a copper smelter for sulphorous copper ores in Baia Mare, Romania. ...

External links

• See other pictures from Baia Mare
• Check Baia Mare on Placeopedia
• Nagybánya.ro - in Hungarian
• Photos of the city and its surroundings in the dedicated Flickr group

Flickr is a photo sharing website and web services suite, and an online community platform, which is generally considered an early example of a Web 2. ...

Notes/References

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Category:Baia Mare