Balkan is one of the Welayatlar of Turkmenistan. It is in the west of the country, bordering Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, the Caspian Sea, and Iran. Its capital is Nebitdag. National anthem Independent, Neutral, Turkmenistan State Anthem Capital Ashgabat President and Prime Minister Saparmurat Niyazov Official language Turkmen Area – Total – % water Ranked 51st 488,100 km² Negligible Population – Total (2002) – Density Ranked 113th 4,603,244 9. ... The Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia (it is surrounded only by landlocked countries and, along with Liechtenstein, is one of only two such countries in the world). ... Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан, Qazaqstan, IPA /qɑzɑqˈstɑn/; Russian: Казахстан, Kazakhstán, IPA /kɐzəxˈstɐn/), also spelled Kazakstan, is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of Asia, and a former republic of the now extinct USSR. A portion of its territory west of the Ural River is located in eastern... Caspian Sea viewed from orbit The Caspian Sea or Mazandaran Sea is a landlocked sea between Asia and Europe ( European Russia). ... Iran (Persian: ایران) is a Middle Eastern country located in southwestern Asia. ... Nebitdag (originally Nebit-Dag) is a city in western Turkmenistan, the capital of Balkan Welayaty. ...
Other cities include: Turkmenbashi. Türkmenbaşy is a city in Turkmenistan, part of the Balkan Welayaty, on the shore of the Caspian Sea. ...
The Balkans are sometimes referred to as the "Balkan Peninsula" as they are adjoined by water on three sides: the Black Sea to the east and branches of the Mediterranean Sea to the south and west (including the Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean and Marmara seas).
The northern border of the Balkan peninsula is usually considered to be the line formed by the Danube, Sava and Kupa rivers and a segment connecting the spring of the Kupa with the Kvarner Bay.
The Balkan nations began to regain their independence in the 19th century (Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria, Montenegro), and in 1912-1913 a Balkan League reduced Turkey's territory to its present extent in the Balkan Wars.
The wars were an important precursor to World War I, to the extent that Austria-Hungary took alarm at the great increase in Serbia's territory and regional status.
Tensions among the Balkan states over their rival aspirations in Macedonia subsided somewhat following intervention by the great Powers in the mid-1900s aimed at securing both fuller protection for the province's Christian majority and protection of the status quo.
On December 2, the Balkan League signed an armistice with Turkey ending the war.
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