Balthasar Gérard (in Dutch Gerards or Gerardts) (1557-1584) was the assassin of the Dutch independence leader, William the Silent, also known as William I of Orange. Events Spain is effectively bankrupt. ... Events June 1 - With the death of the Duc dAnjou, the Huguenot Henry of Navarre becomes heir-presumptive to the throne of France. ... Jack Ruby murdered the assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald, in a very public manner. ... William I (William the Silent) William I, Prince of Orange, Count of Nassau (April 24, 1533 – July 10, 1584) was the main leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish that set off the Eighty Years War and resulted in the formal independence of the United Provinces in 1648. ...

Gérard was born in Vuillafans, France, at number 3 in the street now called Rue Gérard. He came from a Roman Catholic family with 11 children and was a great admirer of Philip II, the king of Spain and the Netherlands. He studied law on the University of Dole. Even before the reward Philip II offered, he told his fellow students that he would put a knife in William the Silent's heart. The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Philip II of Spain (Spanish: Felipe II) - (May 21, 1527 – September 13, 1598), the first King of Spain understood as the whole peninsula of Hispania (r. ... A monarch is a type of ruler or head of state. ... Categories: France geography stubs | Communes of Jura ...

Philip II offered his reward of 25,000 crowns on William the Silent, calling him a 'pest on the whole of Christianity and the enemy of the human race'. Christianity is an Abrahamic religion based on the life, teachings, death by crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth as described in the New Testament. ...

Preparations

After the ban was published he came to Luxemburg where he learned that John Jaureguy was attempting the assassination. Before long, it became known that that attempt was a failure. In March 1584 he left Luxemburg and went to Treves. There he put his plan before the regent of the Jesuits but another Jesuit convinced him to change his original scheme and go to the prince of Parma. In Tournay he held council with a celebrated Franciscan, Father Gery. There he wrote a letter of which a copy was deposited with the guardian of the Franciscan convent. The original was presented by himself to the Prince of Parma, to whom he said: "The vassal ought always to prefer justice and the will of the king to his own life." Luxembourg - a small country in west Europe Luxembourg (city) - the capital city of the country Luxembourg (district) - a district in the country Luxembourg, province of Belgium Luxemburg, Iowa - a city in the USA Luxemburg, Wisconsin - a village in the USA Luxembourg Garden, Paris, France Luxemburg Township, Minnesota - a township in... Trier: The Porta Nigra, viewed from outside Trier (French: Trèves), is Germanys oldest city. ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... Parma is a medieval city in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, with splendid architecture and a fine countryside around it. ... Categories: Belgium-related stubs | Belgian towns | UN World Heritage Sites | Romanesque architecture ... Franciscans is the common name used to designate a variety of mendicant religious orders of men or women tracing their origin to Francis of Assisi and following the Rule of St. ... This article is about an abbey as a religious building. ... A vassal, in European medieval feudalism terminology, is one who through a commendation ceremony (composed of homage and fealty) enters into mutual obligations with a lord, usually military conscription and mutual protection, in exchange for a fief. ...

He explained his scheme but didn't tell of the exact nature of his trap and bait. At first the prince thought him unfit but after consulting Haultepenne and others with the letter he was assigned to Christoffel d' Assonleville. Assonleville spoke with Balthasar and asked that he would write down his plan, which was done on April 11, 1584. April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ...

He requested absolution of the prince of Parma "as he was about to keep company for some time with heretics and atheists, and in some sort to conform himself to their customs."

For his first expenses he begged for 50 crowns which were refused. "I will provide myself out of my own purse," said he to Assonleville, "and within six weeks you will hear of me."--"Go forth, my son," said Assonleville, paternally, upon this spirited reply, "and if you succeed in your enterprise, the King will fulfill all his promises, and you will gain an immortal name beside."

The first opportunity he had for his crime he was unprepared and had no plan of escape. At that time William lay unarmed and alone in bed. He controlled his hatred and awaited another chance.

On Sunday July 8 he loitered in the courtyard examining the premises. A halberdier asked him why he waited here and he excused himself by saying that in his shabby clothings and without a new pair of shoes he was unfit to join the congregation in the church opposite. The good-natured sergeant had no suspicion of Balthasar's real purpose and through communications with an officer arranged a gift of 50 crowns for him (Balthasar). Swedish halberds from 16th century A halberd is a two-handed pole weapon that came to prominent use during the 14th and 15th centuries. ...

The following morning Gérard purchased a pair of pistols from a soldier, bargaining the price for a long time because the soldier couldn't supply the particular chopped bullets or slugs he wanted. On hearing the proceedings of the following day, this soldier (is believed to have) stabbed himself to death after hearing what the price for this sale had really been. This article is about the projectile, for other uses see bullet (disambiguation). ... For other meanings see Slug (disambiguation) Slugs are gastropods without or with very small shells, in contrast with snails from which they evolved, which have a prominent shell. ...

The shooting on Tuesday, July 10

As William the Silent climbed the stairs to the first floor (that is the one right above ground level, called the second floor in the US), he was spoken to by the Welsh captain, Roger Williams, who knelt before him. William put his hand on the bowed head of the old captain, at which moment Balthasar Gérard jumped out of a dark corner. Gérard drew his weapon and fired three shots at the stadtholder. William the Silent collapsed. His sister knelt besides him, but it was too late. 'Mon Dieu, ayez patié de moi et de mon pauvre peuple.' (My God, have mercy on my soul and these poor people.) are reportedly his last words. For alternate meanings, see Wales (disambiguation) National motto: Cymru am byth (Welsh: Wales for ever) Official languages: English and Welsh Capital: Cardiff First Minister: Rhodri Morgan AM Area  - Total:  - % water: Ranked 3rd UK 20,779 km² xx% Population  - Total (2001):  - Density: Ranked 3rd UK 2,903,085 140/km² NUTS... Roger Williams (~1537 - 1595) was a Welsh soldier of fortune. ... A stadtholder (Dutch: stadhouder meaning representative, a literal translation of the French lieutenant or the Latin locum tenans) was the person who ruled an area in the name of the land owner, in the Netherlands (which includes present-day Belgium) from the 15th to the 18th century. ...

The murder of William the Silent by Balthasar Gérard. Download high resolution version (772x608, 68 KB)The murder on William the Silent by Balthazar Gerards. ...

In the mean time, Gérard had fled through the side door and ran across the narrow lane, pursued by Roger Williams. He had almost reached the ramparts, from which he intended to spring into the moat. On the other side stood a saddled horse ready. A pig's bladder around his waist was intended to help him float. But alas, he stumbled over a heap of rubbish. A servant and a halberdier of the prince who had raced after him caught him.

When called a traitor by his captors, he is said to have replied, "I am no traitor; I am a loyal servant of my lord." "Which lord?" they asked. "Of my lord and master, the king of Spain".

At the same time more pages and halberdiers of the prince appeared and dragged him back to the house under a rain of fists and beatings with the butt of a sword. From the talk he heard he thought that the prince was still alive. "Cursed be the hand that missed!" he yelled.

The city magistrates

At the house he immediately underwent a preliminary examination before the city magistrates. Upon being interrogated by the magistrates, he showed neither despair nor contrition, but rather a quiet exultation. He said that "Like David, he had slain Goliath of Gath." A magistrate is a judicial officer with limited authority to administer and enforce the law. ... This page is about the Biblical king David. ... The young Hebrew David hoists the head of the Philistine Goliath This page is about a Biblical figure. ... Gath (Hebrew: winepress) was one of the five Philistine city states established in southwestern Palestine. ...

The magistrates sentenced that the right hand of Gérard should be burned off with a red-hot iron, that his flesh should be torn from his bones with pincers in six different places, that he should be quartered and disemboweled alive, that his heart should be torn from his bosom and flung in his face, and that, finally, his head should be taken off.

An account of the tortures

In the first night of his imprisonment Balthasar Gérard was hung on a pole and lashed with a whip. After that his wounds were smeared with honey and a goat was brought to lick off the honey off his bruised skin with his sharp tongue. The goat however refused to touch the body of the sentenced. After this and other tortures he was left the night with his hands and feet bound together, as a ball, so he couldn't sleep. In the following three days, among many mockings, he was hung on the pole with his hands tied on his back. Then on each of his big toes a weight of 300 pounds was attached for half an hour.

After this half hour he got shoes put on made out of raw dog's leather, well oiled, and two fingers shorter than his feet were. In this state he was put before a fire. When the shoes felt the fire they, together with the feet in them, shrunk and became stumps. With the awful removal of these shoes his half broiled skin was torn off. After his feet were damaged, his armpits were branded. Still not satisfied with this they put on him a shirt soaked in alcohol. Then burning bacon fat was poured over him and sharp nails were stuck between the flesh and the nails of his hands and feet. Gérard is alleged to have remained calm during his torture. This made the executioners even angrier and they poured urine over him.

His death, the reward, and a canonization?

In the end he was dragged out to the market where four horses were tied to his limbs, and he was drawn and quartered. Drawing and quartering was part of the penalty anciently ordained in England for treason. ...

Philip II gave Balthazar's parents, instead of the reward of 25,000 crowns, three country estates in Lievremont, Hostal, and Dampmartin in the Franche Comte and the family was raised to the peerage. Later, when the unfortunate eldest son of Orange, who had been kidnapped as a child and raised in Madrid returned from Spain after twenty-seven years' absence, a changeling and a Spaniard, the restoration of those very estates was offered to him by Philip II, provided he would continue to pay a fixed proportion of their rents to the family of his father's murderer. This was rejected with scorn. The estates remained with the Gerard family. The Franche-Comt (the former Free County of Burgundy, as distinct from the neighbouring Duchy) is a region of eastern France. ...

A certain Sasbout Vosmeer tried to canonize Gérard by stealing Gérard's head and showing it to the church officials in Rome. They thought that idea had gone too far. Location within Italy The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin: Roma) is the capital city of Italy and of its Latium region. ...

External link

• The Rise of the Dutch Republic (http://wuarchive.wustl.edu/doc/gutenberg/etext04/jm34v10.txt) This is an Gutenberg e-book that details the events but doesn't contain all that is said here either.