FACTOID # 184: Very few English speakers are not proud of their country.
 
 Home   Encyclopedia   Statistics   Countries A-Z   Flags   Maps   Education   Forum   FAQ   About 
 
WHAT'S NEW
RECENT ARTICLES
More Recent Articles »
 

SEARCH ALL

FACTS & STATISTICS    Advanced view

Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

 

 

(* = Graphable)

 

 


Encyclopedia > Bandarban District

Updated 178 days 4 hours 21 minutes ago.

Coordinates: 22.20° N 92.35° E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Bandarban District
Skyline of Bandarban

Bandarban
Division_name Chittagong Division
Coordinates 22.20° N 92.35° E
Area 4,479 km²
Time zone BST (UTC+6)
Population (1991)
 - Density
 - Literacy rate
292900
 - 65.39/km²
 - 39.5%
Website: Banglapedia Article
Maplink: Official Map of Bandarban District

Bandarban (Bengali:বান্দরবান) is a district in South-Eastern Bangladesh, and a part of the Chittagong Division and Chittagong Hill Tracts. Bandarban (meaning the dam of monkeys) is also known as Arvumi or the Bohmong Circle (of the rest of the three hill districts Rangamati is the Chakma Circle and Khagrachari is the Mong Circle). Bandarban town is the home town of the Bohmong Chief (currently King, or Raja, Aung Shue Prue Chowdhury) who is the head of the Marma tribe people. It also is the administrative headquarter of Bandarban district, which has turned into one of the most exotic tourist attractions in Bangladesh since the insurgency in Chittagong Hill Tracts has ceased more than a decade back.[citation needed] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 686 KB) Summary Photographer: Saifur Rahman Zunnun All derivatives should atrribute the Photographer. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Red_pog. ... The South Asian country of Bangladesh consists of 6 divisions (bibhag), each named after its respective capital. ... Chittagong Division is one of the six administrative divisions of Bangladesh. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... BST in relation with the bordering nations Bangladesh Standard Time (Bengali: ) (BST) is the time zone of Bangladesh which is observed throughout the whole country, with a time offset of UTC+6:00. ... UTC +6 is the timezone for : Bhutan Time Generic UTC+6 in other countries. ... 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Literacy is the ability to use text to communicate across space and time. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Bengali or Bangla (IPA: ) is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit, Pāli and Sanskrit languages. ... Chittagong Division is one of the six administrative divisions of Bangladesh. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Rangamati is a district in South-eastern Bangladesh. ... Khagrachari is a district in south-eastern Bangladesh. ... http://www. ... “Insurrection” redirects here. ...

Contents

[edit] Geography

One of the three hill districts of Bangladesh and a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bandarban (4,479 km²) is not only the remotest district of the country, but also is the least populated (population 292,900). The three highest peak of Bangladesh - Tahjindong (1280 meters, also known as bijoy), Mowdok Mual (1052 meters), and Keokradong (1230 metres) - are located in Bandarban district, as well as Raikhiang Lake, the highest lake in Bangladesh[citation needed]. Chimbuk peak and Boga Lake are two more highly noted features of the district. Keokradong(or Keokradang) is the highest point in Bangladesh. ...

Kaptai Lake
Kaptai Lake

Bandarban Sadar, Thanchi, Lama, Naikhongchhari, Ali kadam, Rowangchhari, and Ruma are the administrative sub-districts of Bandarban. Major road routes are: Image File history File linksMetadata Kaptai_lake01. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Kaptai_lake01. ... Bandarban Sadar (Bengali: ) is an Upazila of Bandarban District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. ... Thanchi (Bengali: ) is an Upazila of Bandarban District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. ... Lama (Bengali: ) is an Upazila of Bandarban District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. ... Naikhongchhari (Bengali: ) is an Upazila of Bandarban District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. ... Ali Kadam (Bengali: ) is an Upazila of Bandarban District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. ... Rowangchhari (Bengali: ) is an Upazila of Bandarban District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. ... Ruma (Bengali: ) is an Upazila of Bandarban District in the Division of Chittagong, Bangladesh. ...

  • Bandarban-Rowangchhari-Ruma
  • Bandarban-Chimbuk-Thanchi-Alikadam-Baishari-Dhundhum
  • Chimbuk-Ruma
  • Chimbuk-Tangkabati-Baro Aoulia
  • Aziznagar-Gojalia-Lama and
  • Khanhat-Dhopachhari-Bandarban.

Inside Bangladesh, Bandarban is bordered by Cox's Bazaar, Chittagong, Rangamati and Khagrachari. On the other side of the national border lies Myanmar provinces of Chin and Arakan. The district also features river Sangu, also known as Sangpo or Shankha, the only river born inside Bangladesh territory. The other rivers in the district are Matamuhuri and Bakkhali. Meranja, Wailatong, Tambang and Politai are the four hill ranges here. Parts of the biggest lake in Bangladesh - Kaptai Lake - fall under the area of Bandarban. Coxs Bazaar is a region in southern Bangladesh, called by local tourism authorities as the worlds longest smooth sandy beach. Also considered to be the tourist capital of Bangladesh. It has of sandy beaches, against a background of hills covered with forests. ... This article is about the part of the face. ... Arakan is a state in the North Western part of Myanmar, formerly Burma. ... Kaptai Lake on Karnaphuli River Kaptai Lake is a man-made lake in south-eastern Bangladesh. ...


[edit] Tourism

We welcome guests, but don't want Bandarban to become crowded or polluted like Rangamati. We don't want to lose our culture nor see it consigned to a museum.

—Raja Aung Shue Prue Showdhury, (http://www.bangladeshecotours.com/about.html on tourism)

The Buddhist Temple at Balaghata.
The Buddhist Temple at Balaghata.

Bandarban lies, by bus, eight hours away from Dhaka, two hours from Chittagong and three hours from Cox's Bazaar. It is also possible to get there by a six hour bus ride from Rangamati. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Dhaka (previously Dacca; Bengali: Ḍhākā; IPA: ) is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka District. ... This article is about Chittagong as a city in Bangladesh. ... Coxs Bazaar is a region in southern Bangladesh, called by local tourism authorities as the worlds longest smooth sandy beach. Also considered to be the tourist capital of Bangladesh. It has of sandy beaches, against a background of hills covered with forests. ...


The Buddha Dhatu Jadi, the largest Buddhist temple in Bangladesh, located in Balaghata, 4 km from the town, is one excellent place to visit. This Theravada Buddhist temple is made completely in the style of South-East Asia and houses the second largest statue of Buddha in Bangladesh. The waterfall named Shoilo Propat at Milanchari is also an excellent site. Theravada (Pāli: theravāda; Sanskrit: स्थविरवाद sthaviravāda; literally, the Way of the Elders) is the oldest surviving Buddhist school, and for many centuries has been the predominant religion of Sri Lanka (about 70% of the population[1]) and most of continental Southeast Asia (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand). ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Media:Example. ...

The hanging bridge at Meghla.
The hanging bridge at Meghla.

The numerous Buddhist temples, known as kyang in local tongue, and vihars in the town include the highly notable the Rajvihar (royal vihar) at Jadipara and the Ujanipara Vihar. Bawm villages around Chimbuk, and Mru villages a little further off, are also lie within a day's journey from the town. Prantik Lake, Jibannagar and Kyachlong Lake are some more places of interest. And, a boat ride on the river Sangu is also an excellent proposition. Image File history File linksMetadata Meghla_Bandarban. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Meghla_Bandarban. ...


[edit] Bandarban Town

Map of Bandarban District
Map of Bandarban District

A nearly 52 km² hill-town housing about 32,000 people, of which the majority are Bengali or Marma. There is a Tribal Cultural Institute here, which features a library and a museum. The town also features Bandarban Town Hospital (offering the best medical service in the district), the District Public Library, Bandarban Government College, the District Stadium, banashri, the solitary movie theater, the royal cemetery, and, of course, the Royal Palace (two of them since the 11th and 13th royal lines both claim the throne). Apart from the numerous kyangs and mosques, there is a temple dedicated to Kali, the most revered goddess of Hindus is Bangladesh, as well as a center maintained by ISKON. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 307 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (400 × 780 pixels, file size: 47 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Self Created, based on the Bangladesh Parjatan map. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 307 × 599 pixelsFull resolution‎ (400 × 780 pixels, file size: 47 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Self Created, based on the Bangladesh Parjatan map. ... The Bengali people are the ethnic community from Bengal (divided between India and Bangladesh) on the Indian subcontinent with a history dating back four millennia. ... This article or section includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Iskon may refer to: the International Society for Krishna Consciousness Iskon is the former name of a popular Croatian webportal, now named (as of 2006) net portal. ...


[edit] History

A kingdom of the Mru since early fourteenth century, Bandarban came under Marma rule after the Mughal invasion of Chittagong under Emperor Aurangzeb in mid seventeenth century, though the Mughal could never defeat the Mru. During the raids of the Portuguese Armada and the heyday of Arakanese kingdom Marmas and Rakhains had moved into the area in large numbers. In mid eighteenth century Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal, invaded the area, as it went almost independent with decline of the Mughals. The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... Aurangzeb (Persian: (full title Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abdul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, Padshah Ghazi) (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), also known by his chosen Imperial title Alamgir I (Conqueror of the Universe) (Persian: ), was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from... Armada may refer to: Armada Española, the Spanish Navy. ... Mir Qasim (d. ... siraj-ud-daula was the last independent nawab of bengal, he lost his state bengal to mir Quasim because he was busy in his luxurious life of a king ...


[edit] British and Pakistani rule

During the British Raj, it was declared as the Bohmong circle with limited autonomy. During World War II the area saw the presence of a formidable British military presence that came to stand against a Japanese invasion. The tribes of these hills held the reputation of unyielding rebellion throughout history. When India, Pakistan and Myanmar went independent from the Raj, the tribes of Bandarban flew the Myanmar, then known as Burma, flag for a few days. During the Bangladesh Liberation War (1971) to gain independence from Pakistan, leaders of the tribal people sought allegiance with Pakistan government. Anthem God Save The King The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (until 1912), New Delhi (after 1912) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India  - 1858-1901 Victoria¹  - 1901-1910 Edward VII  - 1910-1936 George V  - 1936 Edward VIII  - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy²  - 1858... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... China Burma India Theater (CBI) was the name used by the United States Army for its forces in China, Burma, India during World War II. Well-known US units in this theater included the Flying Tigers, transport and bomber units flying the Hump, the engineers who built Ledo Road, and...


[edit] Since Bangladeshi independence

In the late 1970s, a policy of forced settling of Bengalis into hills was pursued, which later gave rise to much violence against the hill people and the insurgency led by Shanti Bahini.[1] There have been an attempt to create divide among tribal cultural lines between the Chakmas, who led Shantibanhini, and the Mrus, by creating an anti-Shantibanhini militia out of them. Now, after the peace treaty, Bandarban stands as a locally governed ethnic region together with the two other hill districts. Representation of numerous tribes of the district in the Hill Council now stands as a thorn of dispute here. Shanti Bahini is the name of the military wing of Jana Shanghati shamiti in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. ...


Contemporary history of Bandarban has not been a happy one, despite much development initiatives taken by church organizations and UN agencies like UNICEF, UNDP and UNFPA as well as Bangladesh Army present in large numbers here. The district is not allowed a cell-phone network and is still under a quasi-military rule. Insurgents from across the border[citation needed] as well as drugs and arms smugglers play a large role in the jungles here. Newspaper reports of discovering poppy fields[2][3] or arms caches[4] are not rare for Bandarban. There also is much tension between Bengali settlers and ethnic minorities, as well as between early Hindu settlers and recent Muslim settlers and between dominant tribes and lesser tribes. UN and U.N. redirect here. ... UNICEF Logo The United Nations Childrens Fund or UNICEF (Arabic: ; French: ; Spanish: ) was established by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946. ... The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the largest multilateral source of grant technical assistance in the world. ... The United Nations Fund for Population Activities was started in 1969 and renamed the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in 1987. ...


[edit] Economy

Heavily dependent on Jumm farming, which is a slash and burn agricultural technique, Bandarban produces little that is of economic value outside self consumption of the hill people, also known as Jumia. Fruits (banana, pineapple, jackfruit, papaya), masala (ginger, turmeric) and tribal textile are the major exports of the district, with tourism growing fast as a source of revenue.[citation needed] Much of the trade in fruit, like most other commerce in the district, has been taken over by Bengali settlers. This article is about the agricultural practice of slash and burn. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... For other uses, see Pineapple (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Lam. ... Binomial name Carica papaya L. The papaya (from Carib via Spanish), is the fruit of the tree Carica papaya, in the genus Carica. ...


Clothes are mostly made of cotton, wool imported from Myanmar and silk cotton which is a rarity in most of Bangladesh. All cotton is spun and woven by hand. To promote local textile there now is a Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industry Corporation (BSCIC) center in Bandarban together with a wonderful sales center. BSCIC has also introduced mechanical spinning and weaving here. For other uses, see Cotton (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Wool (disambiguation). ... Species Bombax buonopozense Bombax ceiba And six other species Silk cotton trees comprise eight species in the genus Bombax, native to tropical southern Asia, northern Australia and tropical Africa. ... Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) provides a package of services to private sector entrepreneurs in the small and cottage industries sector. ...


Bamboo and tobacco grows in significant quantity, but largely is not considered as economically profitable products. Bamboo is used, along with canes, not just to make the traditional stilt houses, but is the material for most tribal craft, including the bamboo smoking pipe, a major health hazard. Some bamboo-craft and local-made cigarillos are now exported out of the district. A pack of cigarillos A cigarillo (Spanish for cigarette, pronounced see-gah-ree-yoh in Spanish and see-gah-ree-loh in English) is a short, narrow cigar. ...


Two church-based development organization - Christian Commission for Development in Bangladesh (CCDB) and Caritas are the major forces of development in the district. UNICEF is driving the education effort, which is mostly directed at younger children. Christian Commission for Development in Bangladesh (CCDB) founded in 1973 as a successor organisation of the Bangladesh Ecumenical Relief and Rehabilitation Services (BERRS) created by the World Council of Churches (WCC) immediately after the war of liberation for relief and rehabilitation leading to mid and long-term development activities. ... The Caritas House in Caine Road, Mid-levels, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. ...


[edit] Ethnographics

Mru women dancing in a festival in Bandarban.
Mru women dancing in a festival in Bandarban.

There are more than fifteen ethnic minorities living in the district besides the Bengalis, including: the Marma, Mru, Tanchangya, Bawm, Khyang, Tripura, Lushei, Khumi, Chak, Kuki, Chakma, Rakhine, Riyang, Usui and Pankho. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (773x1077, 933 KB) Summary Brauns, 1970 Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (773x1077, 933 KB) Summary Brauns, 1970 Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The Marma are a tribe inhabiting the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. ... A tribal people liing in the south-eastern area of Bangladesh called the Chittagong Hill Tracts. ... The Bawm are a tribal group living in the Bandarban district and a small fraction in the Rangamati district of the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. ... Binomial name Moorcroft, 1841 The Kiang (Equus kiang), also written khyang, is a large mammal belonging to the horse family. ... The Tripuri (Tipra or Tipperah) people are the original inhabitants of the state of Tripura in North East India. ... This article is about the Mizo people. ... Chak is an important town in Shikarpur District, Sindh. ... The term Kuki people refers to Zo ethnic entity that spreads out in a contiguous region in Northeast India, Northwest Burma (Myanmar), and the Chittagong Hill Tracts in Bangladesh. ... The Chakma, who are also known as the Changma, is a Mongoloid tribe inhabiting in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. ... The Union of Myanmar, also known as Burma, is a country in Southeast Asia. ... Reang or Riang, as it may be spelt, is one of the 21 scheduled tribes of Tripura state of India. ... Uchoi is one of the 21 scheduled tribes of Tripura state of India. ...


The Mru, also known as Murong, who are famous for their music and dance. The Mru in major numbers have converted to the youngest religion in Bangladesh – Khrama (or Crama) – a religion that prohibits much of their old ways. They are proposed as the original inhabitants of Bandarban.[5][6]


The Bawm are another major tribe here. Now converted almost totally to Christianity they have taken full advantage of the church to become the most educated people in the district.[citation needed]


The Marma, also know as Magh, are of Myanmar by origin and Buddhists by religion, and are the second largest tribe in the hill districts of Bangladesh. They are closely related to the Rakhain, as both of the people came from the same stock in Aarakan.


The Chakma and the Tanchangya are also closely related. The Khumi live in the remotest parts of the district, and the group is thought to include yet unexplored/ unclassified tribes.[citation needed]


These ethnic groups are again divided in hundreds of clans and sects, principally dominated by four religious threads - Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism and Animism. All these clans and groups are clustered into two major ethnic families - the hill people and the valley people - though since the Kaptai dam flooded the valley to give birth to Kaptai lake, the valley people have started to live on hill tops along the hill people. A statue of the Sakyamuni Buddha in Tawang Gompa, India. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... Hinduism (known as in modern Indian languages[1]) is a religious tradition[2] that originated in the Indian subcontinent. ... The term Animism is derived from the Latin anima, meaning soul.[1][2] In its most general sense, animism is simply the belief in souls. ...


Bengali settlers, coming in with the forced settlements in 1979, and Rohingya settlers, coming in across the Myanmar border since the junta came to power in Yangon in 1992, now has become two major ethnic groups outside minorities. It must be noted that not all Bengalis are new comers, as many of the Hindu families, mostly from the lower castes, here have settled even before some of the hill tribes.[citation needed] The Rohingya are a minority Muslim ethnic group in Northern Rakhine State, Western Myanmar. ... Yangon (also known as Rangoon) is the largest city of Burma. ... The word Caste is derived from the Portuguese word casta, meaning lineage, breed or race. ...


Religious composition (1991) : Muslim - 47.62%, Buddhist - 38%, Christian - 7.27%, Hindu - 3.52% and Others - 3.59%. [1]


[edit] See also

Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ...

[edit] Notes

[edit] References

  • Lonely Planet Bangladesh (Lonely Planet Bangladesh) by Richard Plunkett, et al
  • Identity Politics in Central Asia and the Muslim World (Library of International Relations *Vol. 13) by Willem van Schendel (Editor), Erik J. Zurcher (Editor)
  • Deforestation, Environment, and Sustainable Development: A Comparative Analysis by Dhirendra K. Vajpeyi (Editor)
  • Minorities, Peoples And Self-determination: Essays In Honour Of Patrick Thornberry by Nazila Ghanea (Editor)
  • Mru: Hill People on the Border of Bangladesh by Claus-Dieter Brauns, et al

[edit] External links

Find more information on Bandarban by searching Wikipedia's sister projects
Dictionary definitions from Wiktionary
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Quotations from Wikiquote
Source texts from Wikisource
Images and media from Commons
News stories from Wikinews
Learning resources from Wikiversity

  Results from FactBites:
 
Bandarban District - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (2199 words)
Bandarban (Bangla:বান্দরবান) is a district in South-Eastern Bangladesh, and a part of the Chittagong Hill Tracts.
Bandarban (meaning the dam of monkeys) is also known as Arvumi or the Bohmong Circle (of the rest of the three hill districts Rangamati is the Chakma Circle and Khagrachari is the Mong Circle).
Bandarban Sadar, Thanchi, Lama, Nikhongchhari, Alikadam, Rowangchhari, and Ruma are the administrative sub-districts of Bandarban.
  More results at FactBites »

 

COMMENTARY     


Share your thoughts, questions and commentary here
Your name
Your location
Your comments
Please enter the 5-letter protection code


Lesson Plans | Student Area | Student FAQ | Reviews | Press Releases |  Feeds | Contact
The Wikipedia article included on this page is licensed under the GFDL.
Images may be subject to relevant owners' copyright.
All other elements are (c) copyright NationMaster.com 2003-5. All Rights Reserved.
Usage implies agreement with terms.