Bangaru Thirumalai Nayak also known as Bangaru Tirumalai and Vangaru Thirumala (as per European Records and notes),was a member of Madurai Nayak family and Governor/Commander of the Madurai Nayak King Vijaya Ranga Chokkanatha (1704—1731).His son, a young boy was adopted and crowned to the Madurai Throne, with the queen Meenakshi ,as queen regent, when the Madurai king died without heir. Strife between Bangaru Thirumalai and queen Meenakshi would later erupt into many battles leading to the downfall of the dynasty. Later Bangaru Thirumala’s relatives and kin became rulers of Kandy kingdom in Sri Lanka till 1815, when the last king was defeated and taken captive by the British to Vellore Fort from Kandy. The Madurai Nayaks were the rulers of the city and region of Madurai, in India, from 1559 until 1736. ... The Madurai Nayaks were the rulers of the city and region of Madurai, in India, from 1559 until 1736. ... Look up king in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... // The fort is in the heart of the town Vellore. ... The Temple of the Tooth Relic in Kandy Kandy (මහනුවර/ සෙංකඩගල in Sinhala, கண்டி in Tamil) is the name used by British invaders for the city of Senkadagala (Mahanuwara) in the centre of Sri Lanka. ...

Family Origins

Bangaru Tirumala was a member of the Madurai Royal family and one of the Governor/Commander of the Madurai Country in charge of Madurai and Tirunelveli regions. He was supposed to belong to another royal line of Kumara Muttu Nayak, the younger brother of Thirumalai Nayak. The Madurai Nayaks were the rulers of the city and region of Madurai, in India, from 1559 until 1736. ... Thirumalai nayakar is a king who ruled the south india ...

Beginnings

When Vijaya Ranga Chokkanatha Nayak died in 1731 without an heir, one of his queens Meenakshi adopted Bangaru Thirumala’s son Vijayakumara then a young boy as an heir for the Madurai Throne and became Queen Regent for the adopted prince. During this time Tiruchirapalli Fort was the headquarters of Madurai Kingdom, while Madurai was bifurcated into a Province, still retaining the vast Fort. Tiruchirapalli திருச்சிராப்பள்ளி   (also spelt Tiruchchirapalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy திருச்சி, was also pronounced as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city and a municipal corporation in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ...

Queen Meenakshi

When Queen Meenakshi took over the administration, the Kingdom was in deep trouble ,with enemy troops of Delhi Sultans, Mysore armies and Maratha armies attempting to seize the throne. Also pilferage of enemy spies and widespread anarchy prevailed in the kingdom. The palace administrators were rampant on treason and corruption. The queen attempting to bring order, sacked many troublesome officials and commanders, and replaced them with better ones. She was also assisted by her brother Venkata Perumal Nayak and things looked better for a period.

Madurai throne claimants

Hardly a year or two passed when Bangaru Tirumala, feeling he to be a better bet to the throne instigated an insurrection against the queen. He was also joined by Queen Meenakshi’s recently ousted Minister “Dalavay Venkatachari”.Their first attempt at ousting the queen by attacking the Tiruchirapalli fort] ended in a failure. A minister can mean several things: A government minister is a politician who heads a government ministry A minister of religion is a member of the clergy A minister is the rank of diplomat directly below ambassador This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages... Tiruchirapalli திருச்சிராப்பள்ளி   (also spelt Tiruchchirapalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy திருச்சி, was also pronounced as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city and a municipal corporation in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ...

Bangaru Tirumala operated from Madurai Fort while the Queen held court from the Tiruchirapalli Fort Palace. During this period the Madurai Kingdom was a feudatory of the Delhi Sultanate whose representative of the south was the Nawab of Carnatic.The Nizam of Hyderabad held an intermediate authority. Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... Tiruchirapalli திருச்சிராப்பள்ளி   (also spelt Tiruchchirapalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy திருச்சி, was also pronounced as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city and a municipal corporation in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... Hyderabad and Berar, 1903 Hyderābād was an autonomous princely state of south-central India from 1724 until 1948, ruled by a hereditary Nizam, and an Indian state from 1948 to 1956. ...

Bangaru Tirumala approached Safdar Ali Khan, son of the Carnatic Nawab, with an offer of three million rupees to oust the queen in favour of him. The latter after accepting the offer, settled the dispute in Bangaru Tirumala’s favour by declaring him as the King. Safdar Ali Khan then left to Arcot without attacking Meenakshi’s fort in Tiruchirapalli and left the matters to his kin and advisor Chanda Sahib to enforce the new events. The wily queen, not paying any attempt at the suspicious settlement, responded by offering Chanda Sahib a crore of rupees (ten million) and to declare her duly entitled to the throne. Startled at the de-tour of affairs Bangaru Tirumala left to Madurai, to rule over that province and Tirunelveli, without wishing any harm to Chanda Sahib. Nawabs of the Carnatic (also referred to as the Nawabs of Arcot), ruled the Carnatic region of South India between c. ... Tiruchirapalli திருச்சிராப்பள்ளி   (also spelt Tiruchchirapalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy திருச்சி, was also pronounced as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city and a municipal corporation in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... now. ...

End of Nayak dynasty

Bangaru Tirumala‘s withdrawal was only temporary as he collected a good number of discontent army and Polygars again launched offensive attacks on the Tiruchirapalli Fort. Several battles and attacks continued on either sides, with Bangaru Tirumala finally seizing the Dindigul Fort,a key fort and territory in between the Madurai and TiruchirapalliTwo years passed (1736), when Chanda Sahib returned to Trichrapalli, combining with Meenakshi, attacked Bangaru Tirumala, who was still ruling the southern provinces of Madurai.In a battle at Ammayanayakkanur near Dindigul, Bangaru Thirumala’s army largely strengthened by some Polygars fought a well contested battle against the Queen and Chanda Sahib combine of over 80,000 solders, but was finally defeated, taking refuge in Sivaganga palace. A poligar or polygar is the title of a class of officials or chiefs who governed portions of southern India from the 16th to the 18th centuries. ... Tiruchirapalli திருச்சிராப்பள்ளி   (also spelt Tiruchchirapalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy திருச்சி, was also pronounced as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city and a municipal corporation in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... This article, image, template or category should belong in one or more categories. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... Tiruchirapalli திருச்சிராப்பள்ளி   (also spelt Tiruchchirapalli, commonly known as Tiruchi or Trichy திருச்சி, was also pronounced as Trichinopoly under British rule) is a city and a municipal corporation in Tiruchirappalli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Dindigul is a city and municipality in the Tamil Nadu state of southern India. ... Sivaganga is a town in Tamil Nadu state of southern India. ...

Chanda Sahib, after the victory over Bangaru Tirumala, proclaimed himself ruler of Meenakshi’s kingdom, after locking the queen up in her palace, later driving her to consume poison, thus putting an end to over 200 years of Nayaks rule in Madurai.

With the Tanjore Marathas

Bangaru Tirumala still undaunted joined with the Tanjore Marathas to oust Chanda Sahib. Tanjore Kingdom were recently (1740) attacked and subjugated by Chanda Sahib, compelling them to code Karaikal to the French, who were Chanda Sahib’s new alley. Also Chanda Sahib was left on his own by his Uncle Carnatic Nawab, but still suspicious over the formers ambitions. Karaikal, also Karikal, is one of the four regions of the Union Territory of Pondicherry. ...

Bangaru Tirumala and the Tanjore King joined together and called in assistance of the Marathas of Satara in Bombay. These people having their own grievances against the Carnatic Nawabs (with whom Chanda Sahib was still identified) marched down with a vast army in the south in 1741, first defeating and killing the Nawab of Arcot in the Battle, later after a three months siege at Trichinopoly fort, took Chanda Sahib as a captive, killing both Chanda Sahib’s brothers. (Finally in1751, Chanda Sahib was captured after a series of Carnatic Wars and beheaded by a Tanjore general Mankoji) TANJORE NAYAK KINGS Tanjore Nayak kings started as viceroys of Vijaynagar dynasty lasted 1535 to 1675,a span of 140 years by only 4 kings each having a lengthy reign. ... Extent of the Maratha Confederacy ca. ... Satara   (Marathi:सातारा) is a town located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India. ... This article or section should be merged with Mumbai Mumbai (previously known as Bombay) is the worlds most populous conurbation, and is the sixth most populous agglomeration in the world. ... Nawabs of the Carnatic (also referred to as the Nawabs of Arcot), ruled the Carnatic region of South India between c. ... The Carnatic Wars were a series of battles that took place in the Carnatic region of modern-day southern India between the British, French, Marathas and Mysore for control of the region in the late eighteenth century. ... Thanjavur, also known as Tanjore, is a city in Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. ... A General is an officer of high military rank. ...

Madurai again

The Marathas disregarding the claims of Bangaru Tirumala appointed a Maratha Morari Rao of Gooty (in 1741), as their governor of the conquered kingdom. In 1744, the Nizam of Hyderabad sent an army to re-establish his weakened authority in the Carnatic making Morari Rao flee from Madurai. The Nizam appointed Anwar ud din as Nawab of Arcot, and ordered Vangaru Tirumala to be appointed to the Throne of Madurai.The rulers of Ramnad, Sivaganga, Tanjore were also keen on appointing Bangaru Tirumala on the throne thereby to retain a Hindu Kingdom. Thus for a brief period Bangaru Thirumala seemed to take the crown as a de-jure ruler, while the administrative control was carried out by the Muslim army. Bangaru was also repeatedly warned of attempts by Anwar -ud-din and his aides on plans to usurp the Throne. But very little is know afterwards as some sources point out that he was poisoned by Anwar -ud-din. Extent of the Maratha Confederacy ca. ... A small town located near by Anantapur. ... Hyderabad and Berar, 1903 Hyderābād was an autonomous princely state of south-central India from 1724 until 1948, ruled by a hereditary Nizam, and an Indian state from 1948 to 1956. ... Carnatic may mean: Carnatic, a region of Southern India Carnatic music SS Carnatic, a shipwrecked steamer This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ...

Kandy

See Nayaks of Kandy One section of Bangaru Thirumala’s family established themselves as rulers of Kandy; also the last dynasties to rule Sri Lanka.The are often mentioned as Nayakkar Dynasty or Madurai Rulers or Nayaks of Kandy. Naiker also Nayakar, Nayakkar, Naicker is title used by many Andhra Pradesh, Tamil nadu and Karnataka derived people in India and abroad in the Tamil diaspora. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ...

The Kandy Mahanuwara kingdoms always had brides from the Nayak rulers of Madurai and Tanjore. When the King of Kandy Vira Parakrama Narendra Singha (1707-1739) whose queen was from Madurai Nayak family died in 1739,they crowned the Queens brother from Madurai Nayak family as the next king of Kandy according to their Marumakkathayam law.

The new king (from Madurai), assuming throne as Vijaya Raja Singha, again married a queen Upendramma from Bangaru Thirumala’s family. Later the next two kings in line to the throne would be the queens’ two brothers (both from Madurai) and the last king who ruled from Kandy Sri Vikrama Raja Singha (1798-1815 AD), would be queen Upendramma’s nephew.

Other Descendants

Several of Bangaru Thirumala’s descendants lived in the Vellaikurichi Fort in Sivaganga Zamin, and their family living till recent times. The Vellaikurichi Fort along with some encompassing villages was granted by the Raja of Sivaganga. Kinship and descent is one of the major concepts of cultural anthropology. ... Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... Sivaganga is a town in Tamil Nadu state of southern India. ...

In 1820’s, one of a descendant of Bangaru was reported to be in Madurai seeking pecuniary assistance from Government. Also it is reported, every year they conducted a ceremony of reciting poems of their royal forebears of their valour and deeds on the first day of Tamil month of Chittirai. Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ... Tamil may refer to: Tamil language, one of the Dravidian languages primarily spoken in South Asia Tamil script, primarily used to write the Tamil language Tamil people The word Tamil is also used as an adjective to qualify something of or pertaining to the Tamil people, culture, or language. ...

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See also

• Nayaks of Madurai
• Madurai
• Nayaks of Kandy

--- The Madurai Nayaks were rulers of Madurai state during the years 1559-1736. ... Madurai   (மதுைர in Tamil; IPA: ) is a city[] and a municipal corporation with a population of more than 0. ...

Sources

• Biography of Dhandavarayan Pillai:Pradhani of Sivaganga Zamin ; Authour:Mu.Balakrishnan M.A.,M.Ed.;Published by Manickvasagar Pathipagam,Chennai in 2005