The Bangla calendar also known as Bônggabdo in the Bengali language, is the traditional calendar used in Bangladesh and Bangla-speaking regions of India. The calendar is based on the solar year. New Year's Day falls between 13 April and 15 April. Bengali or Bangla (বাংলা ) is an Indo-Aryan language of South Asia that evolved as a successor to the Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit languages. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... 13 April is the 103rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (104th in leap years). ... April 15 is the 105th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (106th in leap years). ...

History

Under the Mughals, agricultural taxes were collected according to the Hijri calendar. However, as the Hijri calendar is a lunar calendar, the agricultural year did not coincide with the fiscal year. Therefore, farmers were hard-pressed to pay taxes out of season. In order to streamline tax collection, the Mughal Emperor Akbar ordered a reform of the calendar. Accordingly, Fatehullah Shirazi, a renowned scholar and astronomer, formulated the Bangla year on the basis of the lunar Hijri and Bangla solar calendars. The new Fasli San (agricultural year) was introduced on 10/11 March 1584, but was dated from Akbar's accession to the throne in 1556. The new year subsequently became known as Bônggabdo, or Bengali year. The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar is the calendar used to date events in predominately Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Muslim holy days. ... A lunar calendar is a calendar whose date indicates the moon phase. ... Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar (Persian: جلال الدین محمد اکبر), (alternative spellings include Jellaladin, Celalettin) also known as Akbar the Great (Akbār-e-Azam) (October 15, 1542 – October 27, 1605) was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from the time of his accession in 1556 until 1605. ... This article is about the Bengali language. ... Events January 16 - Abdication of Emperor Charles V. His son, Philip II becomes King of Spain, while his brother Ferdinand becomes Holy Roman Emperor January 23 - The Shaanxi earthquake, the deadliest earthquake in history, occurs with its epicenter in Shaanxi province, China. ...

Organization

Months

Baishakh (Bangla: বৈশাখ) is the first month in the Bangla Calendar used in Bangladesh and parts of India. ... Joishtho is the second month of the Bangla Calendar. ... Ä€shāŗh (Bangla: আষাঢ়) is the third month of the Bangla Calendar. ... Srabon (also spelt Sravan) is the 4th month of the Bangla Calendar. ... Bhadro is the fifth month in the Bangla Calendar. ... Kaartika ( Hindi: कातिक kaatik or कार्तिक kaartik) is a month of the Hindu calendar. ... Ogrohayon (Bangla: অগ্রহায়ন) is the eigth month in the Bangla Calendar. ... Poush is the 9th month in both the Bangla Calendar used in Bangladesh and in the Bikram Sambat calendar used in Nepal. ... Maagh is the 10th month in the Bangla Calendar. ... Falgun is the 11th month in the Bangla Calendar. ... Choitro (Bangla:চৈত্র) is the last of the twelve months of the Bangla Calendar. ...

Length

The length of a year in the Bangla calendar, as in the Gregorian calendar, is counted as 365 days. However, the actual time taken by the earth in its revolution around the sun is 365 days 5 hours 48 minutes and 47 seconds. To make up this discrepancy, the Gregorian calendar adds an extra day to the month of February every fourth year (except in century years not divisible by 400). The Bangla calendar, which was based on astronomical calculations, did not make this extra leap year adjustment. Bangla months too were of different lengths. In order to counter this discrepancy and make the Bangla calendar more precise, a committee to reform the Bangla calendar was set up on 17 February 1966 under the auspices of the Bangla Academy and under the guidance of Muhammad Shahidullah. Under the recommendations of the committee, the months from Boishakh to Bhadro were to be counted as of 31 days each, while the months from Ashshin to Choitro were to be considered as of 30 days. The revised calendar is officially adopted in Bangladesh. However it is not followed in the neighbouring state of West Bengal, India where the old calendar continues to be followed. The Gregorian calendar is the calendar that is used nearly everywhere in the world. ... Look up February in Wiktionary, the free dictionary February is the second month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Bangla Academy, established on 3 December 1955, is the national academy for promoting Bangla language in Bangladesh. ... Muhammad Shahidullah, popularly known as Dr. Shahidullah (born July 10, 1885 — died July 3, 1969) was a famous Bengali educationist, writer and linguist. ... Baishakh (Bangla: বৈশাখ) is the first month in the Bangla Calendar used in Bangladesh and parts of India. ... Bhadro is the fifth month in the Bangla Calendar. ... Chaitra is the first month of the Hindu calendar. ... West Bengal (পশ্চিম বঙ্গ, Poshchim Bôngo) is a state in the eastern region of India. ...

Leap Year

According to the new calendar system, Choitro has 31 days every four years. To keep pace with the Gregorian calendar, the leap years are not years that are divisible by four. They are the years where the corresponding Gregorian Calendar year is leap year. (e.g., 2004 was a leap year, so the corresponding year 1410 was a leap year. (The month of February in 2004 falls in 1410 according to the Bengali Calendar.) Choitro (Bangla:চৈত্র) is the last of the twelve months of the Bangla Calendar. ... A leap year (or intercalary year) is a year containing an extra day or month in order to keep the calendar year in sync with an astronomical or seasonal year. ...

The first of Boishakh, Pôhela Boishakh, is the Bengali New Year's Day. In Bangladesh, it is celebrated on April 14 every year according to the reformed calendar prepared by the Bangla Academy. However, since the people of the West Bengal follow the previous non-reformed calendar (which is not fixed with respect to the Western calendar), Indian Bengalis celebrate New Year's Day (Pôhela Boishakh) on April 15. This article needs to be wikified. ... April 14 is the 104th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (105th in leap years). ... Bangla Academy, established on 3 December 1955, is the national academy for promoting Bangla language in Bangladesh. ...

Beginning of day

In the Bengali calendar, the day begins at sunrise, unlike in the Gregorian calendar, where the day starts at midnight.

Usage

In everyday use, the Bengali Calendar has been largely replaced with the Gregorian Calendar in Bengali-speaking regions, although it is still essential for marking holidays specific to Bengali culture (e.g. Pôhela Boishakh, Durja Puja, etc.), and for marking the seasons of the year (e.g. the monsoon, winter, etc.), and is thus recognized by the Bangladeshi government for the observation of public holidays. The vast majority of Bengali-language newspapers in Bangladesh and West Bengal print the day's date according to the Bengali Calendar alongside the corresponding date in the Gregorian Calendar. Many newspapers in Bangladesh also add a third calendar (the Islamic Lunar Calendar) to the date. In Bangladesh, it is not at all uncommon to find the date written three times (e.g. "25 Falgun 1412, 17 Muharram 1427, 27 February 2006") under the newspaper title. Public holidays in Bangladesh Categories: Public holidays by country | Bangladesh ...