A small part of the Barbican, showing flats and café area

Shakespeare Tower, one of the residential towers

The Barbican Estate is a residential estate in the City of London, in an area densely packed with commerce and finance. It also contains, or is adjacent to the Barbican Arts Centre, the Museum of London, the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, the Barbican public library, the City of London School for Girls and a YMCA, forming the Barbican Complex. With the exception of the Barbican fire station, the complex has been Grade II listed as a whole. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1500x1075, 510 KB) A small part of the Barbican, London, England, showing flats and café area. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1500x1075, 510 KB) A small part of the Barbican, London, England, showing flats and café area. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1844x2560, 1613 KB) Tower on Barbican Estate, London Photographer: User:Justinc File links The following pages link to this file: Barbican Estate Shakespeare Tower Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1844x2560, 1613 KB) Tower on Barbican Estate, London Photographer: User:Justinc File links The following pages link to this file: Barbican Estate Shakespeare Tower Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... The City of London is a geographically-small City within Greater London, England. ... This article is about the business concept. ... Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses, and organizations raise, allocate, and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects. ... Barbican Arts Centre and lakeside terrace Interior - concert hall foyer; library and gallery above The Barbican Arts Centre opened in 1982, after a long and at times painful gestation which dated right back to the area having been badly bombed during World War II. The Barbican is owned, funded and... Interior showing the Mayors state coach The Museum of London documents the history of London from the Palaeolithic to the present day. ... The GSMD seen across the Barbican lake. ... City of London School for Girls (CLSG) is an independent girls school located in the Barbican Estate complex in the City of London in London, United Kingdom. ... YMCAs in the United States and Canada use this logo. ... Buckingham Palace, a Grade I listed building. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ...

History

The estate was built between 1965 and 1976, on a 35 acre site that was bombed in World War II, the complex was designed by architects Chamberlin, Powell & Bon, who also designed the earlier, nearby Golden Lane Estate. The Minister of State for the Arts, Tessa Blackstone, announced in September 2001 that the Barbican complex was to be Grade II listed. It has been designated a site of special architectural interest for its scale, its cohesion and the ambition of the project^[1]. The complex is architecturally important as it is one of London's principal examples of concrete Brutalist architecture and considered a landmark. An acre is an English unit of area, which is also frequently used in the United States and some Commonwealth countries. ... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom France Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Charles de Gaulle Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian... The Golden Lane Estate is a 1950s housing complex in the City of London. ... Buckingham Palace, a Grade I listed building. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... Unité dHabitation, Marseille (Le Corbusier 1952) Brutalism is an architectural style that spawned from the modernist architectural movement and which flourished from the 1950s to the 1970s. ...

During the World War II the City suffered appalling damage and loss of life. The Cripplegate area was virtually demolished and by 1951 the resident population of the City stood at only 5,324 of whom 48 lived in Cripplegate. Discussions began in 1952 about the future of the site, and the decision to build new residential properties was taken by the Court of Common Council on 19 September 1957^[2]. Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom France Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Charles de Gaulle Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian... September 19 is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years). ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The estate of 40 acres was officially opened in 1969 and is now home to around 4,000 people living in 2,014 flats^[2]. The flats reflect the widespread use in Britain in the 1960s and 1970s of concrete as the visible face of the building. This has led some commentators to denounce the flats as clumsy in comparison with their newer, more glassy surroundings,^{[citation needed]} though a contrasting opinion sees the area as maturing into a place with some character and charm of its own. ^{[citation needed]} An apartment estate in Singapore; such blocks make up the majority of public housing in Singapore. ... Concrete being poured, raked and vibrated into place in residential construction in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... For other uses, see Building (disambiguation). ... Glass can be made transparent and flat, or into other shapes and colors as shown in this sphere from the Verrerie of Brehat in Brittany. ...

Blocks and towers

The residential estate consists of 13 terrace blocks, these are grouped around the lake and green squares, within the complex. The main buildings rise, for up to seven floors, above a podium level, which links all the facilities in the Barbican, providing a pedestrian route, above street level. Some maisonettes are built into the podium structure. There is no vehicular access within the estate, but there are some car parks at the periphery of the estate. Public car parks are located within the Barbican centre.

The estate also contains three of London's tallest residential towers, at 42 storeys and 123 metres/403 feet high. The top two floors comprise one penthouse flat. The towers are (east to west): 30 St. ...

• Cromwell Tower, completed in 1973 - named for Oliver Cromwell^[3];
• Shakespeare Tower, completed in 1976 - named after William Shakespeare^[4]; and
• Lauderdale Tower, completed in 1974 - named after the Earls of Lauderdale^[5].

Oliver Cromwell (April 25, 1599–September 3, 1658) was an English military and political leader best known for making England a republic and leading the Commonwealth of England. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... The title Earl of Lauderdale was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1624. ...

Barbican complex

The Barbican Estate also contains the Barbican Centre (an arts, drama and business venue), the Barbican public library, the City of London School for Girls, the Museum of London, and the Guildhall School of Music and Drama. A YMCA building was constructed between 1965 and 1971^[1] to link the Barbican and Golden Lane Estate, it is also listed. Barbican Arts Centre and lakeside terrace Interior - concert hall foyer; library and gallery above Interior - concert hall with orchestra The Barbican Arts Centre opened in 1982, after a long and at times painful gestation which dated right back to the area having been badly bombed during World War II. Situated... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Wall Street, Manhattan is the location of the New York Stock Exchange and is often used as a symbol for the world of business. ... City of London School for Girls (CLSG) is an independent girls school located in the Barbican Estate complex in the City of London in London, United Kingdom. ... Interior showing the Mayors state coach The Museum of London documents the history of London from the Palaeolithic to the present day. ... The GSMD seen across the Barbican lake. ... YMCAs in the United States and Canada use this logo. ... The Golden Lane Estate is a 1950s housing complex in the City of London. ...

References and notes

Nearby rail and Tube

National Rail National Rail uses the BR double-arrow logo National Rail is a brand name of the Association of Train Operating Companies (ATOC). ...

• Barbican (Thameslink trains bound for Moorgate stop here, but not when outbound from Moorgate)
• Liverpool Street station

London Underground Barbican tube station Barbican is a London Underground and mainline rail station serving the Barbican Centre in the City of London. ... The Thameslink route is operated with a fleet of 72 dual-voltage Class 319 electric multiple units. ... Moorgate station is a London Underground and National Rail station in the City of London, on Moorgate, north of London Wall. ... Liverpool Street station, also called London Liverpool Street, is a mainline railway station and connected London Underground station in the north eastern corner of the City of London, the main financial district, with entrances on Bishopsgate and Liverpool Street itself. ... The London Underground is an all-electric railway system that covers much of the conurbation of Greater London and some neighbouring areas. ...

• Barbican (Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines) - zone 1.
• Moorgate station (Northern Line (between Old Street and Bank), Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines
• St. Paul's tube station (Central Line)
• Farringdon station ( Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines

Barbican tube station Barbican is a London Underground and mainline rail station serving the Barbican Centre in the City of London. ... The Circle Line of the London Underground became known as such in 1949, when it was separated from its parent lines, the Metropolitan Line and the District Line, although it had been shown on Underground maps since 1947. ... The Hammersmith and City Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured salmon pink on the Tube map, running between Hammersmith and Aldgate East, extending to Barking in the rush hours. ... The Metropolitan Line is part of the London Underground, coloured magenta on the Tube map. ... London Underground Zone 1 is the most central part of the London Underground network. ... Moorgate station is a London Underground and National Rail station in the City of London, on Moorgate, north of London Wall. ... For other uses, see Northern Line (disambiguation). ... Old Street station entrance and (inset) its shopping arcade Old Street station is a London Underground and railway station just north of the City, lying on the border between Islington and Hackney. ... For the station called Monument on the Tyne and Wear Metro, see Monument Metro station Bank and Monument are interlinked stations, spanning the length of King William Street in the City of London. ... The Circle Line of the London Underground became known as such in 1949, when it was separated from its parent lines, the Metropolitan Line and the District Line, although it had been shown on Underground maps since 1947. ... The Hammersmith and City Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured salmon pink on the Tube map, running between Hammersmith and Aldgate East, extending to Barking in the rush hours. ... The Metropolitan Line is part of the London Underground, coloured magenta on the Tube map. ... St Pauls tube station, with the cathedral in the background St Pauls is a London Underground station in the City of London, near St Pauls Cathedrals north east corner. ... Tube Portal The Central Line is a line of the London Underground and coloured red on the tube map. ... Farringdon station platforms Farringdon station is a London Underground and National Rail station in Farringdon, just north of the City of London in the London Borough of Islington. ... The Circle Line of the London Underground became known as such in 1949, when it was separated from its parent lines, the Metropolitan Line and the District Line, although it had been shown on Underground maps since 1947. ... The Hammersmith and City Line is a line of the London Underground, coloured salmon pink on the Tube map, running between Hammersmith and Aldgate East, extending to Barking in the rush hours. ... The Metropolitan Line is part of the London Underground, coloured magenta on the Tube map. ...

See Also

• Barbican Arts Centre
• Museum of London

Barbican Arts Centre and lakeside terrace Interior - concert hall foyer; library and gallery above The Barbican Arts Centre opened in 1982, after a long and at times painful gestation which dated right back to the area having been badly bombed during World War II. The Barbican is owned, funded and... Interior showing the Mayors state coach The Museum of London documents the history of London from the Palaeolithic to the present day. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Barbican Estate

• The history of the Barbican Estate
• Barbican Living
• Barbican Talk
• Corporation of London:Barbican Estate

Coordinates: 51°31′09″N, 0°05′38″W Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...