NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Barcelona

Barcelona (Catalan IPA: [bəɾsəˈlonə], Spanish IPA: [baɾθeˈlona]), is the capital and most populous city of Catalonia and the second largest city in Spain, with a population of 1,605,602 in 2006. It is located on the Mediterranean coast (41°23′N, 2°11′E), between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs, and is limited to the west by the Serra de Collserola ridge (512 m). Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1728, 1626 KB) Imagen de Barcelona tomada desde un aviÃ³n, en diciembre de 2004. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Barcelona. ... Image File history File links Escut_de_Barcelona. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Catalan IPA: (catalÃ IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia (in the latter with the name of Valencian), and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of... This article is about the international language known as Spanish. ... Postal codes are generally clearly visible outside local Australian post offices. ... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... The term Administration, as used in the context of government, differs according to jurisdiction. ... In political geography and international politics, a country is a political division of a geographical entity, a sovereign territory, most commonly associated with the notions of state or nation and government. ... Spains fifty provinces (provincias) are grouped into seventeen autonomous communities (comunidades aut nomas), in addition to two African autonomous cities (ciudades aut nomas) (Ceuta and Melilla). ... Anthem: Capital Barcelona Official language(s) Catalan,Spanish and Aranese. ... A province is a territorial unit, almost always a country subdivision. ... Barcelona is a province of eastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. ... This is a list of the comarques (singular comarca) of Catalonia. ... BarcelonÃ¨s is the most populous and economically important comarca (county) of Catalonia. ... A mayor (from the Latin mÄior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... Jordi Hereu i Boher (born June 14, 1965 in Barcelona, Spain) is the current Mayor of Barcelona. ... Logo of the PSC party Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya (Socialist Party of Catalonia) is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... The term above mean sea level (AMSL) refers to the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of any object, relative to the average sea level. ... In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: Ï (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kgÂ·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is... Catalan IPA: (catalÃ IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia (in the latter with the name of Valencian), and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the â€œInternational Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the â€œInternational Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Anthem: Capital Barcelona Official language(s) Catalan,Spanish and Aranese. ... Composite satellite image of the Mediterranean Sea. ... Llobregat - The second greatest river in Catalonia, starts in Castellar de nHug (Berguedà), near Berga, ends in the Mediterranean Sea, near Barcelona. ... The BesÃ²s is a river flowing through Catalonia, Spain. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

Barcelona is a major economic centre, with one of Europe's principal Mediterranean ports, and its airport is the second largest in Spain. Founded as a Roman city, Barcelona became the capital of the Counts of Barcelona and the Crown of Aragon. Besieged several times during its history, Barcelona is today an important cultural centre and a major tourist destination and has a rich cultural heritage. Particularly renowned are architectural works of Antoni Gaudí and Lluís Domènech i Montaner that have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Composite satellite image of the Mediterranean Sea. ... Seaport, a painting by Claude Lorrain, 1638 The Port of Wellington at night. ... King of Aragons arms in 15th century The Crown of Aragon or Aragonese Empire was the regime of a large portion of what is now Spain, plus numerous Mediterranean possessions, for much of the later Middle Ages. ... Antoni GaudÃ i Cornet (25 June 1852 â€“ Barcelona, 10 June 1926) â€“ sometimes referred to by the Spanish translation of his name, Antonio GaudÃ â€“ was an architect from Catalonia, who belonged to the Modernisme (Art Nouveau) movement and was famous for his unique style and highly individualistic designs. ... LluÃs DomÃ¨nech i Montaner Editorial Montaner i SimÃ³n Casa Fuster Born in Barcelona, LluÃs DomÃ¨nech i Montaner (21 December 1850 - 27 December 1923) showed from a young age his passion for architecture. ... UNESCO logo UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

As the capital of Catalonia, Barcelona houses the seat of the Catalan government, known as the Generalitat de Catalunya; of particular note are the executive branch, the parliament and the Supreme Court of Catalonia. The city is also the capital of the county (comarca) of the Barcelonès. Anthem: Capital Barcelona Official language(s) Catalan,Spanish and Aranese. ... The Generalitat de Catalunya (Government of Catalonia ) is the institution in which the self-government of Catalonia is politically organised. ... ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... This is a list of the comarques (singular comarca) of Catalonia. ... BarcelonÃ¨s is the most populous and economically important comarca (county) of Catalonia. ...

Names

The name Barcelona comes from the ancient Phoenician Iberian Barkeno; Greek: Βαρκινών;^[1] Latin: Barcino, Barcelo^[2] and Barceno.^[3] Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...

During the Middle Ages the city was variously known as Barchinona, Barçalona, Barchelona and Barchenona. Juliuz is gonna be in barcelona

History

The foundation of Barcelona is the subject of two different legends. The first attributes the founding of the city to Hercules 400 years before the building of Rome, and that it was rebuilt by the Carthaginian Hamilcar Barca, father of Hannibal, who named the city Barcino after his family, in the 3rd century BC. The second legend attributes the foundation directly to Hamilcar Barca.^[4] The history of Barcelona stretches back well over 2000 years to its origins as an iberic village, Barkeno. ... Hercules and the Nemean Lion (detail), silver plate, 6th century BC (Cabinet des MÃ©dailles, Paris). ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area - City 1,285 kmÂ² (580 sq mi) - Urban 5... Roman Carthage with former military harbor Carthage (Greek: , Latin: , from the Phoenician meaning new town; Arabic: ) refers both to an ancient city in Tunisia and to the civilization that developed within the citys sphere of influence. ... Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (~270 â€“ 228 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal. ... Hannibal, the son of Hamilcar Barca, (247 BC â€“ ca. ... The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period. ...

About 15 BC, the Romans redrew the town as a castrum (Roman military camp) centred on the "Mons Taber", a little hill near the contemporary city hall (Plaça de Sant Jaume). Under the Romans it was a colony, with the surname of Faventia,^[5] or, in full, Colonia Faventia Julia Augusta Pia Barcino^[6] or Colonia Julia Augusta Faventia Paterna Barcino. Mela^[7] mentions it among the small towns of the district, probably as it was eclipsed by its neighbour Tarraco (modern Tarragona); but it may be gathered from later writers that it gradually grew in wealth and consequence, favoured as it was with a beautiful situation and an excellent harbour.^[8] It enjoyed immunity from imperial burdens.^[9] The city minted its own coins; some from the era of Galba survive. Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC - 10s BC - 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s Years: 20 BC 19 BC 18 BC 17 BC 16 BC 15 BC 14 BC 13 BC 12 BC 11 BC 10 BC... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent. ... Basic ideal plan of a Roman castrum. ... For Mela Festivals today, see Mela Festival. ... Tarraco was the ancient name of the city of Tarragone, in Spain, on the Mediterranean. ... Tarragona (IPA: in Catalan) is a city located in the south of Catalonia, northeastern Spain, by the Mediterranean Sea. ... Servius Sulpicius Galba (December 24, 3 BC â€“ January 15, 69) was Roman Emperor from June 8, 68 until his death. ...

Some important Roman ruins are exposed under the Plaça del Rei, entrance by the city museum (Museu d'Història de la Ciutat), and the typically Roman grid-planning is still visible today in the layout of the historical centre, the Barri Gòtic ("Gothic Quarter"). Some remaining fragments of the Roman walls have been incorporated into the cathedral.^[10] The cathedral, also known as basilica La Seu is said to have been founded in 343. The city was conquered by the Visigoths in the early fifth century, by the Moors in the early eighth century, reconquered from the emir in 801 by Charlemagne's son Louis who made Barcelona the seat of Carolingian "Spanish Marches" (Marca Hispanica), a buffer zone ruled by the Count of Barcelona. Barcelona was still a Christian frontier territory when it was sacked by Al-Mansur in 985. The Barri GÃ²tic (Gothic Quarter) is the center of the old city of Barcelona. ... Events Roman emperor Constans travels to Britain, possibly for a military expedition. ... Migrations The Visigoths (Western Goths) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe (the Ostrogoths being the other). ... (4th century - 5th century - 6th century - other centuries) Events Rome sacked by Visigoths in 410. ... The Moors were the medieval Muslim inhabitants of the western Mediterranean and western Sahara, including: al-Maghrib (the coastal and mountain lands of present day Morocco and Algeria, and Tunisia although Tunisia often is separately called Ifriqiya after the former Roman province of Africa); al-Andalus (the former Islamic sovereign... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ... Events December 28 - Louis the Vrome occupies Barcelona. ... Charlemagne and Pippin the Hunchback. ... Louis the Pious, contemporary depiction from 826 as a miles Christi (soldier of Christ), with a poem of Rabanus Maurus overlaid. ... Mark or march (or various plural forms of these words) are derived from the Frankish word marka (boundary) and refer to an area along a border, e. ... The now-extinct title of Count of Barcelona was, through much of its history, merged with that of King of Aragon; see also List of Aragonese Monarchs. ... This article is about the Spanish Muslim general and statesman Al-Mansur. ... Events Barcelona sacked by Al-Mansur Greenland colonized by Icelandic Viking Erik the Red (the date is according to legend but has been established as at least approximately correct – see History of Greenland) Lady Wulfruna founded the town that later became the city of Wolverhampton Births Al-Hakim bi...

The Counts of Barcelona became increasingly independent and expanded their territory to include all of Catalonia, later the Crown of Aragon which conquered many overseas possessions, ruling the western Mediterranean Sea with outlying territories in Naples and Sicily and as far as Athens in the thirteenth century. The forging of a dynastic link between the Crowns of Aragon and Castile marked the beginning of Barcelona's decline. King of Aragons arms in 15th century The Crown of Aragon or Aragonese Empire was the regime of a large portion of what is now Spain, plus numerous Mediterranean possessions, for much of the later Middle Ages. ... The Duchy of Athens was one of the Crusader States set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade. ... (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. ... The starting point of Crown of Castile can be considered when the union of the Kingdoms of Castile and Leon in 1230 or the later fusion of their Cortes (their Parlaments). ...

Geography

Barcelona is located on the northeast coast of the Iberian Peninsula, facing the Mediterranean Sea, on a plateau approximately 5 km wide limited by the mountain range of Collserola, the Llobregat river to the south-west and the Besòs river to the north^[11]. This plateau has 170 km²^[11], of which 101 km² (38.9 mi²)^[12] are occupied by the city itself. It is 160 km (100 mi) south of the Pyrenees and the Catalonian border with France. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x662, 488 KB) Summary Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x662, 488 KB) Summary Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona ... The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar. ... Composite satellite image of the Mediterranean Sea. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Llobregat - The second greatest river in Catalonia, starts in Castellar de nHug (Berguedà), near Berga, ends in the Mediterranean Sea, near Barcelona. ... The BesÃ²s is a river flowing through Catalonia, Spain. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol kmÂ², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (â‰ˆ1,609 m) in length. ... km redirects here. ... A mile is a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including Imperial units, United States customary units and Norwegian/Swedish mil. ... Pic de Bugatetin the NÃ©ouvielle Natural Reserve Central Pyrenees For the mountains in Victoria, Australia, see Pyrenees (Victoria). ... Anthem: Capital Barcelona Official language(s) Catalan,Spanish and Aranese. ...

Collserola, part of the coastal mountain range, shelters the city to the north-west. Its highest point, the peak of Tibidabo, 512 m high, offers striking views over the city^[13] and is topped by the 288.4 m Torre de Collserola, a telecommunications tower that is visible from most of the city. Barcelona is peppered with small hills, most of them urbanized and that gave their name to the neighbourhoods built upon them, such as Carmel (267 m), Putxet (181 m) and Rovira (261 m). The escarpment of Montjuïc (173 m), situated to the southeast, overlooks the harbour and is topped by Montjuïc castle, a fortress built in the 17–18th centuries to control the city as a replacement for the Ciutadella. Today, the fortress is a museum and Montjuic is home to several sporting and cultural venues, as well as Barcelona's biggest park and gardens. There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Tibidabo is a hill overlooking Barcelona, Spain. ... Torre de Collserola is a uniquely designed tower located on the Tibidabo in Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain). ... Carmel may refer to: // Barri del Carmel, district in the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Carmel, Indiana, city in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States Carmel, New York, town located in Putnam County, New York, USA Carmel, Western Australia, suburb of Perth, Western Australia Carmel Hamlet, New York, hamlet located in... Rovira is a municipality in the Tolima department of Colombia. ... MontjuÃ¯c - Hill of the Jews in medieval Catalan language or maybe a corruption of Latin Mons Jovicus (that is, hill of Jupiter). ...

The city borders are the municipalities of Santa Coloma de Gramenet and Sant Adrià de Besòs to the north; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat and Esplugues de Llobregat to the south; the Mediterranean Sea to the east; and Montcada i Reixac and Sant Cugat del Vallès to the west. Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain, is a country. ... Sant AdriÃ de BesÃ²s is a town lying to the north of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. ... Location Coordinates : 41Â°21â€²50â€³N, 2Â°06â€²0â€³E Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name LHospitalet de Llobregat (Catalan) Spanish name Hospitalet de Llobregat Nickname LH Founded 12th century Website http://canal-h. ... Municipality of the Barcelona metropolitan area. ... Montcada i Reixac is a municipality in the comarca of the VallÃ¨s Occidental in Catalonia, Spain. ... Sant Cugat monastery Sant Cugat del VallÃ¨s (pop. ...

Climate

Barcelona has a Mediterranean climate, with mild, dry winters and warm, humid summers. January and February are the coldest months, averaging temperatures of 10 °C (50 °F). Snowfalls are so rare that they are remembered as special events. July and August are the hottest months, averaging temperatures of 30 °C (86 °F). The highest recorded maximum temperature in the city itself is 38.6 °C.^[14] At the Fabra Observatory, situated on the Tibidabo hill, the record summer temperature is 39.8 °C (103.6 °F). ^[15] However, it should be noted that the observatory is situated in the hills above the city near Collserola park - an area where the impact of the "heat island" effect is likely to be diminished.^[16] A Mediterranean climate is a climate that resembles the climate of the lands bordering the Mediterranean Sea. ... The degree Celsius (symbol: Â°C) is an SI derived unit of temperature. ... Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686â€“1736), who proposed it in 1724. ... Tibidabo is a hill overlooking Barcelona, Spain. ...

Cityscape

Parc Güell, in Barcelona Photo by Montrealais. ... Parc Güell, in Barcelona Photo by Montrealais. ...

Parks

Barcelona contains 68 municipal parks, divided into 12 historic parks, 5 thematic (botanical) parks, 45 urban parks and 6 forest parks.^[17] They range from vest-pocket parks to large recreation areas. The parks cover 10% of the city (549.7 ha),^[12] growing about 10 ha per year,^[18] with a proportion of 18.1 m² of park area per inhabitant.^[19]

Of Barcelona's parks, Montjuïc is the largest, with 203 ha located on the mountain of the same name.^[12] It is followed by Ciutadella Park (situated in the place of the old military citadel and which houses the Parliament building, the zoo and several museums; 31 ha including the zoo), the Guinardó Park (19 ha), Park Güell (designed by Antoni Gaudí; 17.2 ha), Oreneta Castle Park (also 17.2 ha), Diagonal Mar Park (13.3 ha, inaugurated in 2002), Nou Barris Central Park (13.2 ha), Can Dragó Sports Park and Poblenou Park (both 11.9 ha) and the Labyrinth Park (9.10 ha), named after the garden maze it contains.^[12] A part of the Collserolla Park is also within the city limits. MontjuÃ¯c - Hill of the Jews in medieval Catalan language or maybe a corruption of Latin Mons Jovicus (that is, hill of Jupiter). ... A hectare (symbol ha) is a unit of area, equal to 10 000 square metres, commonly used for measuring land area. ... This article is about a type of fortification. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Giraffes in Sydneys Taronga Zoo A zoological garden, zoological park, or zoo is a facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred. ... The entrance to the park Park GÃ¼ell is a garden complex with architectural elements situated on the hill of el Carmel in the GrÃ cia district of Barcelona, Spain. ... Antoni GaudÃ i Cornet (25 June 1852 â€“ Barcelona, 10 June 1926) â€“ sometimes referred to by the Spanish translation of his name, Antonio GaudÃ â€“ was an architect from Catalonia, who belonged to the Modernisme (Art Nouveau) movement and was famous for his unique style and highly individualistic designs. ...

Beaches

Barcelona has seven beaches, totalling 4.5 km (2.8 mi) of coastline. Sant Sebastià and Barceloneta beaches, both 1100 m in length,^[12] are the largest, oldest and the most frequented beaches in Barcelona. The Olympic port separates them from the other city beaches: Nova Icària, Bogatell, Mar Bella, Nova Mar Bella and Llevant. These beaches (ranging from 400 to 640 m) were opened as a result of the city restructuring to host the 1992 Summer Olympics, when a great number of industrial buildings were demolished. The 2004 Universal Forum of Cultures left the city a sandless bathing zone, a sort of sea pool. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1728, 777 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1728, 777 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create... km redirects here. ... A mile is a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including Imperial units, United States customary units and Norwegian/Swedish mil. ... Barceloneta is a municipality in Puerto Rico. ... The 92 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were held in 1992 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... The 2004 Universal Forum of Cultures - (Catalan: FÃ²rum Universal de les Cultures, Spanish: FÃ³rum Universal de las Culturas) was a 141-day international event that took place in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from May 9 to September 26, 2004. ...

Other

The area around the Plaça Catalunya makes up the city's historical centre and, alongside the upper half of Avinguda Diagonal, is the main commercial area of the city. Barcelona has several commercial complexes, like L'Illa in the higher part of the Diagonal avenue and Diagonal Mar in the lowest, La Maquinista, Glòries in the place of the same name and the Maremagnum by the port. PlaÃ§a de Catalunya. ... Avinguda Diagonal. ... Night view of PlaÃ§a de les GlÃ²ries Catalanes. ...

Barcelona has several skyscrapers, the highest being the Hotel Arts and its twin the Torre Mapfre, both 154 m high, followed by the newest Torre Agbar 144 m high. The Hotel Arts is a 43-story, 600 room luxury hotel on the seafront of Barcelona, in Spain. ... Torre Mapfre is a skyscraper in Barceloneta, a suburb of Barcelona in Spain. ... Torre Agbar in Barcelona. ...

Demographics

According to Barcelona's City Council, Barcelona's population as of 2006-06-01 was 1,673,075 people,^[20] while the population of the Metropolitan Area was 3,161,081. It is the central nucleus of the Urban Region of Barcelona, which relies on a population of 5,327,872 and covers an area of 4,268 km². Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (974x604, 32 KB) EvoluciÃ³n de la poblaciÃ³n de Barcelona Fuente: Instituto Nacional de EstadÃstica www. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (974x604, 32 KB) EvoluciÃ³n de la poblaciÃ³n de Barcelona Fuente: Instituto Nacional de EstadÃstica www. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Union of Municipalities Entity of the Transport Entity of the Environment Situation in Urban Region The Barcelona metropolitan area is integrated by three territorial organisms of management. ... Urban Region Situation in Catalonia The population of the Urban Region of Barcelona is 5. ...

The population density of Barcelona was 15,779 people per km²,^[21] with Eixample being the most populated district. 62% of the inhabitants were born in Catalonia, with a 23.5% coming from the rest of Spain. Of the 13.9% from other countries, a proportion which has more than tripled since 2001 when it was 3.9%,^[12] the majority come from (in order) Ecuador, Peru, Morocco, Colombia, Argentina, Italy, Pakistan and China.^[22] Districts of Barcelona Original Eixample concept from 1859 Part of Eixample and Sagrada FamÃlia, viewed from Montjuic, June 2006 Eixample street & block layout The Eixample (Catalan for extension) is a district of Barcelona between the old city (Ciutat Vella) and what were once surrounding small towns (Sants, GrÃ cia... Anthem: Capital Barcelona Official language(s) Catalan,Spanish and Aranese. ...

95% of the population understand Catalonia's native Catalan language, while 74.6% can speak it, 75% can read it, and 47.1% can write it^[23], thanks to the linguistic immersion educational system. While most of the population profess to be Catholic (208 churches), there are also a number of other groups, including various Evangelist (71 locations, mostly professed by Roma), Jehovah's Witnesses (21 Kingdom Halls) and Buddhists (13 locations)^[24], and a growing number of Muslims due to immigration. Catalan IPA: (catalÃ IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia (in the latter with the name of Valencian), and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of... Evangelism is the proclaiming of the Christian Gospel. ... Languages Spanish languageCatalan language Religions Predominantly Roman Catholic Church Related ethnic groups Spanish people The Roma People (also called Romany or Gypsies) are a diverse ethnic group who until recently lived primarily in Southern and Eastern Europe, Western Asia, and the Middle East. ... Kingdom Hall is the name of meeting places for Jehovahs Witnesses. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

In 1900, Barcelona had a population of 533.000 people^[11], which grew steadily but slowly until 1950, when it started absorbing an height number of people from other less-industrialized parts of Spain. Barcelona's population peaked in 1979 with 1,906,998 people, and fell throughout the 1980s and 1990s as more people sought a higher quality of life in outlying cities in the Barcelona Metropolitan Area. After bottoming out in 2000 with 1,496,266 people, the city's population began to rise again as younger people started to return, causing a great increase in housing prices. ^[25]

Economy

Barcelona has a long-standing mercantile tradition. Less well known is that it was one of the earliest regions in continental Europe to begin industrialization, beginning with textile related works at the end of the eighteenth century but really gathering momentum in the mid nineteenth century, when it became a major center for the production of textiles and machinery. Since then, manufacturing has played a large role in its history. The traditional importance in textiles is still reflected in Barcelona's importance as a major fashion center. In summer 2006, Barcelona became an host for the prestigious Bread & Butter urban fashion fair. The fair was so successful than, starting in 2007, Barcelona became the only host for Bread & Butter, that closed its original Berlin location. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3072x2048, 2861 KB) Description: es: Puerto de Barcelona en: Barcelona harbour Author: Year of the dragon Summary: La fotografÃa ha sido tomada desde el Park GÃ¼ell. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (3072x2048, 2861 KB) Description: es: Puerto de Barcelona en: Barcelona harbour Author: Year of the dragon Summary: La fotografÃa ha sido tomada desde el Park GÃ¼ell. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the capital of Germany. ...

As in other modern cities, the manufacturing sector has long since been overtaken by the services sector, though it remains important. The most important industries today are textile, chemistry, pharmaceutical, motor, electronic and printing. In the services sector, the most important are the logistics, publishing, telecommunications and computer sectors.

Drawing upon its tradition of creative art and craftsmanship, Barcelona is nowadays also known for its award-winning industrial design. Barcelona also has several congress halls, notably La Fira (Trade Fair), that host a quickly growing number of national and international events each year, which had also meant the opening of new hotels each year. The Port of Barcelona is an important Mediterranean port, both for general containers cargo and for cruise ships.

Barcelona has one of the highest costs of living in Spain, second only to Madrid and ocuping the 31st position according to a report by Mercer Human Resource Consulting.^[26] Motto: (Spanish for From Madrid to Heaven) Location Coordinates: , Country Spain Autonomous Community Comunidad AutÃ³noma de Madrid Province Madrid Administrative Divisions 21 Neighborhoods 127 Founded 9th century Government - Mayor Alberto Ruiz-GallardÃ³n JimÃ©mez (PP) Area - Land 607 kmÂ² (234. ...

Government and administrative divisions

Barcelona is governed by a city council formed by 41 city councilors, elected for a four-year term by universal suffrage. As one of the two biggest cities in Spain (the other being Madrid), Barcelona is subject to a special law articulated through the Carta Municipal (Municipal Law). A first version of this law was passed in 1960 and amended later, but the current version was approved in March 2006.^[27] According to this law, Barcelona's city council is organized in two levels: a political one, with elected city councilors, and one executive, which administrates the programs and executes the decisions taken on the political level. ^[28] This law also gives the local government a special relationship with the central government and it also gives the mayor wider prerogatives by the means of municipal executive commissions.^[29] It expands the powers of the city council in areas like telecommunications, city traffic, road safety and public safety. It also gives a special economic regime to the city's treasury and it gives the council a veto in matters that will be decided by the central government, but that will need a favourable report from the council.^[27] Elections to the municipal council of Barcelona, Spain. ... This is a (yet incomplete) list of mayors of Barcelona. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Night view of PlaÃ§a de les GlÃ²ries Catalanes. ... Elections to the municipal council of Barcelona, Spain. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: Universal suffrage (also general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of the right to vote to all adults, without distinction as to race, sex, belief, intelligence, or economic or social status. ... Motto: (Spanish for From Madrid to Heaven) Location Coordinates: , Country Spain Autonomous Community Comunidad AutÃ³noma de Madrid Province Madrid Administrative Divisions 21 Neighborhoods 127 Founded 9th century Government - Mayor Alberto Ruiz-GallardÃ³n JimÃ©mez (PP) Area - Land 607 kmÂ² (234. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

The Comissió de Govern (Government Commission) is the executive branch, formed by 24 councilors, led by the Mayor, with 5 lieutenant-mayors and 17 city councilors, each in charge of an area of government, and 5 non-elected councilors. ^[30] The plenary, formed by the 41 city councilors, has advisory, planning, regulatory, and fiscal executive functions.^[31] The six Commissions del Consell Municipal (City council commissions) have executive and controlling functions in the field of their jurisdiction. They are composed by a number of councilors proportional to the number of councilors each political party has in the plenary.^[32] The city council has jurisdiction in the fields of city planning, transportation, municipal taxes, public highways security through the Guardia Urbana (the municipal police), city maintenance, gardens, parks and environment, facilities (like schools, nurseries, sports centres, libraries, etc.), culture, sports, youth and social welfare. Some of these competencies are not exclusive, but shared with the Generalitat de Catalunya or the central Spanish government. This is a (yet incomplete) list of mayors of Barcelona. ... Urban, city, or town planning, deals with design of the built environment from the municipal and metropolitan perspective. ... The Guardia Urbana is the municipal police force for the city of Barcelona. ... ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

The executive branch is led by a Chief Municipal Executive Officer which answers to the Mayor. It is made up of departments which are legally part of the city council and by separate legal entities of two tipes: autonomous public departments and public enterprises. ^[33]

The seat of the city council is on the Plaça Sant Jaume, opposite the seat of Generalitat de Catalunya. Since the coming of the Spanish democracy, Barcelona has been governed by the PSC, first with an absolute majority and later in coalition with ERC and ICV. Since the May 2007 elections, PSC is governing in minority only with IC, since ERC decided against a renewal of the previous coalition. The second most voted party in Barcelona is CiU, followed by PP, both currently in the opposition. The Spanish transition to democracy or new Bourbon restoration was the era when Spain moved from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to a liberal democratic state. ... Elections to the municipal council of Barcelona, Spain. ... Logo of the PSC party Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya (Socialist Party of Catalonia) is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. ... Logo of the Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) party. ... Logo of the ICV Initiative for Catalonia - Greens (Iniciativa per Catalunya - Verds, ICV) is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. ... Convergence and Unity (ConvergÃ¨ncia i UniÃ³, CiU) is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. ... The Peoples Party (Spanish: Partido Popular, PP) is the largest right-wing political party in Spain. ...

Administrative divisions

Since 1997, the city has been divided into 10 administrative districts (districtes), each one with its own council led by a city councillor. The composition of each district council depends on the number of votes each political party had in that district, so a district can be led by a councillor from a different party than the executive council.

The administrative divisions are based mostly on historical divisions. Several of the city's districts are former towns annexed by the city of Barcelona in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that still maintain their own distinct character. The official names of these districts are in the Catalan language. Catalan IPA: (catalÃ IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia (in the latter with the name of Valencian), and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of...

Districts and neighbourhoods

Image File history File links MapaBCN_Distritos01. ... Image File history File links MapaBCN_Distritos01. ... The citys ten districts. ... Districts of Barcelona Ciutat Vella means old city in Catalan. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Barri GÃ²tic (Gothic Quarter) is the center of the old city of Barcelona. ... The Ribera (Shore in Catalan) is one of quartiers of the old city of Barcelona. ... Districts of Barcelona Original Eixample concept from 1859 Part of Eixample and Sagrada FamÃlia, viewed from Montjuic, June 2006 Eixample street & block layout The Eixample (Catalan for extension) is a district of Barcelona between the old city (Ciutat Vella) and what were once surrounding small towns (Sants, GrÃ cia... Sants is a neighbourhood of Barcelona, in the southern zone of the city. ... MontjuÃ¯c - Hill of the Jews in medieval Catalan language or maybe a corruption of Latin Mons Jovicus (that is, hill of Jupiter). ... Camp de Les Corts, commonly referred to as Les Corts, was a sports stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... House of the District SarriÃ -Sant Gervasi is one of the biggest districts of Barcelona, Spain, situated on the south-west of the city, surrounded by districts of Les Corts, GrÃ cia, Eixample i Horta-Guinardo, and by the villages of Sant Just, Sant Feliu, Molins de Rei and Sant... Districts of Barcelona: GrÃ cia can be seen in Red GrÃ cia is a district of the city of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... El Coll is a quarter of GrÃ cias district in Barcelona city. ... Districts of Barcelona. ... El Carmel is a hill in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... Districts of Barcelona, Sant Andreu coloured dark brown. ... The district is named after Saint Martin church Sant MartÃ de ProvenÃ§als, more often simply called Sant MartÃ, is a district of Barcelona located on its eastern side, usually numbered 10 out of the ten districts of the city. ...

Education

Barcelona has a well-developed higher education system of public universities. Most prominent among these is the University of Barcelona, a world-renowned research and teaching institution with campuses around the city. Barcelona is also home to the Polytechnic University of Catalonia, the newer Pompeu Fabra University and, in the private sector, the Ramon Llull University encompassing internationally renowned institutions like ESADE Business School. The Autonomous University of Barcelona, another public university, is located in Bellaterra, a town in the Metropolitan Area. The actual catalan education system (according to the LOGSE) are classified like that: general regime (childrens education (educaciÃ³ infantil) , primary education (educaciÃ³ primÃ ria), secondary compulsory education(ESO), batxillerat, formaciÃ³ professional de grau mitjÃ i de grau superior (technical college) and special regime (artistic studies and language studies). ... The University of Cambridge is an institute of higher learning. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The University of Barcelona (Catalan: , Spanish: , UB) is a public university located in the city of Barcelona, Spain. ... The UniversitÃ¤tscampus Wien, Austria ( details) Campus (plural: campuses) is derived from the (identical) Latin word for field or open space. English gets the words camp and campus from this origin. ... The Technical University of Catalonia (Catalan: Universitat PolitÃ¨cnica de Catalunya, Spanish: Universidad PolitÃ©cnica de CataluÃ±a) is one of the largest engineering universities in Spain. ... Pompeu Fabra University (Catalan: Universitat Pompeu Fabra) is a university in Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. ... Ramon Llull University is a private university in Barcelona, Spain, founded in 1990. ... ESADE Madrid building ESADE (Escuela Superior de AdministraciÃ³n y DirecciÃ³n de Empresas) was founded in 1958. ... The Autonomous University of Barcelona (Catalan: Universitat AutÃ²noma de Barcelona, Spanish: Universidad AutÃ³noma de Barcelona, UAB) is a public university located in Bellaterra, very close to the city of Barcelona in Spain. ... Union of Municipalities Entity of the Transport Entity of the Environment Situation in Urban Region The Barcelona metropolitan area is integrated by three territorial organisms of management. ...

The city has a network of public schools, from nurseries to high schools, under the responsibility of the city council (though the student subjects are the responsibility of the Generalitat de Catalunya). There are also many private schools, some of them Roman Catholic. Like other cities in Spain, Barcelona now faces the integration of a large number of immigrant children from Latin America, Africa and Asia. The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...

Culture

Barcelona's cultural roots go back 2000 years. To a greater extent than the rest of Catalonia, where Catalonia's native Catalan is more dominant, Barcelona is a bilingual city: Catalan and Spanish are both official languages and widely spoken. The Catalan spoken in Barcelona, Central Catalan, is the one closest to standard Catalan. Since the arrival of democracy, the Catalan culture (very much repressed during the dictatorship) has been promoted, both by recovering works from the past and by stimulating the creation of new works. Barcelona is designated as a world-class city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network.^[34] Barcelonas rich culture steams from the citys 2000 years of history. ... Download high resolution version (518x750, 113 KB)Façade of Liceu opera house in Barcelona April 2004 Photo by user Viajero File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (518x750, 113 KB)Façade of Liceu opera house in Barcelona April 2004 Photo by user Viajero File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Catalan IPA: (catalÃ IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia (in the latter with the name of Valencian), and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of... Catalan IPA: (catalÃ IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia (in the latter with the name of Valencian), and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of... Catalan dialectal map Central Catalan is the Eastern Catalan dialect with the highest demographic weight, since it is commonly spoken in densely populated areas such as the whole Barcelona province, the eastern half of Tarragona province and most part of Girona province; except for it is northern part, where there... The Spanish transition to democracy or new Bourbon restoration was the era when Spain moved from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to a liberal democratic state. ... The Spanish Civil War officially ended on 1 April 1939, the day Francisco Franco announced the end of hostilities. ... A global city or world city is a concept which postulates that globalisation can be broken down in terms of strategic geographic locales that see global processes being created, facilitated and enacted. ...

Entertainment and performing arts

Barcelona has many venues for live music and theatre, including the world-renowned Gran Teatre del Liceu opera theatre, the Teatre Nacional de Catalunya, the Teatre Lliure and the Palau de la Música Catalana concert hall. Barcelona also is home to the Sónar Music Festival^[35] which takes place around June every year, and to the Barcelona and Catalonia National Symphonic Orchestra (Orquestra Simfònica de Barcelona i Nacional de Catalunya, usually known as OBC) is the largest symphonic orchestra in Catalonia. In 1999, the OBC inaugurated its new venue in the brand-new Auditorium (l'Auditori). It performs around 75 concerts per season and its current director is Eiji Oue.^[36]. It has a thriving alternative music scene, with groups such as The Pinker Tones receiving international attention. [4]. The faÃ§ade of the Liceu, as viewed from La Rambla The Gran Teatre del Liceu (IPA: ), or simply Liceu (IPA: ) in Catalan) or Liceo (IPA: ) in Spanish, is an opera house on La Rambla in Barcelona. ... The Teatre Lliure is a theater in Barcelona considered one of the most prestigious in Spain. ... The Palau de la MÃºsica Catalana (Palace of Catalan Music) in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, is a concert hall built between 1905 and 1908, designed by the Catalan architect LluÃs DomÃ¨nech i Montaner. ... SÃ³nar Logo SÃ³nar is a three day annual music festival held in Barcelona, Spain. ... Eiji Oue , born 3 October 1957) is a Japanese musician and conductor. ... The Pinker Tones are a duo of musicians originating from Barcelona, Spain. ...

Museums

Barcelona houses a great number of museums, which cover different areas and eras. The National Museum of Art of Catalonia possesses a well-known collection of Romanesque art while the Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art focuses on post-1945 Catalan and Spanish art. The Fundació Joan Miró, Picasso Museum and Fundació Antoni Tàpies hold important collections of these world-renowned artists. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 173 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona Richard Meier Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 173 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona Richard Meier Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the... The Palau Nacional which houses the Museu Nacional dArt de Catalunya The National Art Museum of Catalonia (Museu Nacional dArt de Catalunya - MNAC) in Barcelona, Spain is a museum of Catalan visual art. ... Interior of the Saint-Saturnin church St-Sernin, Toulouse, 1080 â€“ 1120: elevation of the east end Romanesque sculpture, cloister of St. ... Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art The Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art (Museu dArt Contemporani de Barcelona, or MACBA) is situated in the PlaÃ§a dels Angels, Barcelona. ... An Alexander Calder sculpture (featuring moving mercury) in the sculpture garden of the FundaciÃ³ Joan MirÃ³ The FundaciÃ³ Joan MirÃ³, Centre dEstudis dArt Contemporani (Joan MirÃ³ Foundation) is a museum of modern art honoring Joan MirÃ³ and located on MontjuÃ¯c in Barcelona. ... The Museu Picasso (Picasso Museum) in Barcelona, Spain, has one of the most extensive collections of artworks by the 20th century artist Pablo Picasso. ... The FundaciÃ³ Antoni TÃ pies is a cultural center and museum, located in Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain), dedicated mainly to the life and works of the painter Antoni TÃ pies. ...

Several museums cover the fields of history and archeology, like the City History Museum, the Museum of the History of Catalonia, the Archaeology Museum of Catalonia, the Barcelona Maritime Museum and the private-owned Egiptian Museum. The Erotic museum of Barcelona is among the most peculiar ones, while Cosmocaixa is a science museum that received the European Museum of the Year Award in 2006. The Archaeology Museum of Catalonia, (Abbreviated MAC, for Museu dArqueologia de Catalunya) was created under the Museums of Catalonia Act in 1990 and answers to the Ministry of Culture of Catalonia. ... Image:Science Museum bernoulli exhibit. ... The European Museum of the Year Award is awarded to two kinds of museums: 1. ...

Architecture

The Barri Gòtic ("Gothic Quarter" in Catalan) is the centre of the old city of Barcelona. Many of the buildings date from medieval times, some from as far back as the Roman settlement of Barcelona. Catalan modernisme architecture (often known as Art Nouveau in the rest of Europe), developed between 1885 and 1950 and left an important legacy in Barcelona. A great number of these buildings are World Heritage Sites. Especially remarkable is the work of architect Antoni Gaudí, which can be seen throughout the city. His best known work is the immense but still unfinished church of the Sagrada Família, which has been under construction since 1882, and is still financed by private donations. As of 2007, completion is planned for 2026. Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Familia in Barcelona - overview in July 2002. ... Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Familia in Barcelona - overview in July 2002. ... The Barri GÃ²tic (Gothic Quarter) is the center of the old city of Barcelona. ... Modernisme in Catalan, (not to be confused with modernism) is the Catalan variant of Art Nouveau. ... Vitebsk Railway Station one of the finest examples of Art Nouveau architecture. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... Antoni GaudÃ i Cornet (25 June 1852 â€“ Barcelona, 10 June 1926) â€“ sometimes referred to by the Spanish translation of his name, Antonio GaudÃ â€“ was an architect from Catalonia, who belonged to the Modernisme (Art Nouveau) movement and was famous for his unique style and highly individualistic designs. ... For the Alan Parsons Project song, see La Sagrada Familia (song). ... 2026 (MMXXVI) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Barcelona won the 1999 RIBA Royal Gold Medal for its architecture^[37], the first (as of 2007, only) time that the winner has been a city, and not an individual architect. Riba is the (Arabic: Ø±Ø¨Ø§ ) term for intrest, the charging of which is forbidden by the Quran here, among other places: And that which you give in gift (loan) (to others), in order that it may increase (your wealth by expecting to get a better one in return) from other... The Royal Gold Medal for architecture is awarded annually by the Royal Institute of British Architects on behalf of the British monarch, in recognition of an individuals or groups substantial contribution to international architecture. ...

World Heritage Sites in Barcelona

LluÃs DomÃ¨nech i Montaner Editorial Montaner i SimÃ³n Casa Fuster Born in Barcelona, LluÃs DomÃ¨nech i Montaner (21 December 1850 - 27 December 1923) showed from a young age his passion for architecture. ... The Palau de la MÃºsica Catalana (Palace of Catalan Music) in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, is a concert hall built between 1905 and 1908, designed by the Catalan architect LluÃs DomÃ¨nech i Montaner. ... The present Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Catalan for Hospital of the Holy Cross and Saint Paul) in the GuinardÃ³, Barcelona, Spain, is a complex built between 1901 and 1930, designed by the Catalan architect LluÃs DomÃ¨nech i Montaner. ... Antoni GaudÃ i Cornet (25 June 1852 â€“ Barcelona, 10 June 1926) â€“ sometimes referred to by the Spanish translation of his name, Antonio GaudÃ â€“ was an architect from Catalonia, who belonged to the Modernisme (Art Nouveau) movement and was famous for his unique style and highly individualistic designs. ... The entrance to the park Park GÃ¼ell is a garden complex with architectural elements situated on the hill of el Carmel in the GrÃ cia district of Barcelona, Spain. ... Front entrance allowed horse drawn carriages to enter the home through one door and exit through the other. ... Casa MilÃ¡ at dusk Parabolic or catenary arches under the terrace of Casa MilÃ . Casa MilÃ , better known as La Pedrera (Catalan for The Quarry), is a building designed by the Catalan architect Antoni GaudÃ and built in the years 1905â€“1907. ... Casa Vicens Casa Vicens is a single-family residence designed by Antoni Gaudí and built for Manuel Vicens. ... For the Alan Parsons Project song, see La Sagrada Familia (song). ... Casa BatllÃ³ (pronounce Casa Batyo) is a building designed by Antoni Gaudi and built in years 1905â€“1907; located at 43, Passeig de GrÃ cia (passeig is Catalan for promenade or avenue), part of the Manzana de la DiscÃ²rdia in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ...

Media

El Periódico de Catalunya (Catalan and Spanish editions) and La Vanguardia (Spanish) are Barcelona's two major daily newspapers while Sport and El Mundo Deportivo (both in Spanish) are the city's two major sports daily newspapers, published by the same companies. The city is also served by a number of smaller publications such as Avui and El Punt (both in Catalan), by nation-wide newspapers with special Barcelona editions like El Pais and El Mundo (both in Spanish), and by several free newspapers like Metro, 20 minutos, ADN and Què (bilingual). El PeriÃ³dico de Catalunya, a morning daily newspaper based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, is actually two newspapers, publishing separate editions in Spanish (with a red nameplate) and in the local language, Catalan (distinguished with a blue nameplate). ... La Vanguardia is a Spanish newspaper based in Barcelona. ... El Mundo Deportivo is a Spanish nationwide daily sports newspaper. ... El País (The country) is one of the most widely read Spanish newspapers. ... El Mundo is the second largest newspaper in Spain, with a circulation of 350,297 copies (2003). ... For other newspapers with the same name, see Metro (newspaper). ... 20 minutos is a free Spanish newspaper, with local editions in different Spanish cities, that is published by Multiprensa & Mas S.L., a company founded in Madrid in 1999. ...

Several major FM stations include Catalunya Ràdio, RAC 1, RAC 105 and Cadena SER. Barcelona also has several local TV stations, among them BTV (owned by city council) and 8TV (owned by the Godó group, that also owns La Vanguardia). The headquarters of Televisió de Catalunya, Catalonia's public network, are located in Sant Joan Despí, in Barcelona's metropolitan area. Catalunya RÃ dio is Catalonias public radio network. ... RAC 1 is the main catalan language private radio station. ... Image Â© cadenaser. ... 8tv is a common name for television channels. ... TelevisiÃ³ de Catalunya (or TVC for short) is Catalonias public broadcasting network, officially composed of six channels: TV3, 33, K3, 3/24, 300 and TVCi. ... Sant Joan DespÃ (Catalan for Saint John of-the-Pine) is a city located in the Baix Llobregat area (Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain), concretely on the left bank of the Llobregat river. ...

Sports

Barcelona has a long sporting tradition and hosted the successful 1992 Summer Olympics as well as several matches from the 1982 Football World Cup. It has also been host to the X FINA World Championships and twice of the Eurobasket. FC Barcelonas Camp Nou, Barcelona, Spain File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... FC Barcelonas Camp Nou, Barcelona, Spain File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Camp Nou (Catalan for new field, often incorrectly reversed in English to become Nou Camp) is a football (soccer) stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... Telstra Stadium in Sydney, Australia is capable of being converted from a rectangular rugby football field to an oval for cricket and Australian rules football games This article is about the building type. ... The 92 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were held in 1992 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... The 1982 Football World Cup was held in Spain. ... Barcelona, Spain was the host city of the X FINA World Aquatics Championships or the 10th FINA World Championships in Aquatics, which were held from July 12 till July 27, 2003. ... Eurobasket is the name commonly used to refer to the mens basketball championship contested biennially by the national teams of the European continent under the auspices of FIBA Europe, a zone of the FÃ©dÃ©ration Internationale de Basketball, every second iteration of which serves as a qualifying tournament...

FC Barcelona is a sports club best known for its football team, one of the biggest in Europe, twice winner of the UEFA Champions League. FC Barcelona also has teams in the Spanish basketball ACB league (Winterthur FCB), the handball ASOBAL league (FC Barcelona-Cifec), and the roller hockey league. The club's museum is the second most visited in Catalonia. RCD Espanyol is the city's other Liga football team. Barcelona also has other clubs in lower categories, like CE Europa and UE Sant Andreu. Futbol Club Barcelona, known familiarly as BarÃ§a (IPA: baÉ¾.sÉ™), is a sports club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... A sports club, athletics club or sports association is an eclectic institution oriented to multiple sports, which fields many teams and has varied sports departments in several sports, working under the same umbrella organization. ... A player (wearing the red kit) has penetrated the defence (in the white kit) and is taking a shot at goal. ... The UEFA Champions League (also known as the European Cup, UCL, CE1, C1[1] or CL) is a seasonal club football competition organized by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) since 1955 for the most successful football clubs in Europe. ... Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by throwing a ball through a 10-foot high hoop (the basket) under organized rules. ... The ACB (AsociaciÃ³n de Clubs de Baloncesto) is the premier professional basketball league in Spain. ... Winterthur FCB is a Spanish basketball team. ... Handball player leaps towards the goal prior to throwing the ball, while the goalkeeper extends himself trying to stop it. ... Liga Asobal, is the premier professional handball league in Spain. ... FC Barcelona-Cifec is a Spanish handball team based in Barcelona, Catalonia. ... Roller hockey is a category which includes two rollersports. ... RCD Espanyol de Barcelona (Catalan: Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona) is a Spanish sports club based in Barcelona. ... (Professional Football League), commonly known as La Liga, is the professional football league in Spain. ... Club Esportiu Europa is a Spanish football club, also known as CD Europa, based in the Barcelona district of GrÃ cia. ... UniÃ³ Esportiva Sant Andreu is a catalan football team formed in 1907 and based in the city of Barcelona,on the district of Sant Andreu. ...

Barcelona has two UEFA 5-star rated football stadiums: FC Barcelona's Camp Nou and the Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys, used for the 1992 Olympics and the current home of Espanyol, pending completion of the club's new stadium. The Union of European Football Associations, almost always referred to by the acronym UEFA (pronounced (you-AY-fuh) or (oo-Ay-fuh) or ), is the administrative and controlling body for European football. ... The UEFA Stadia List is a ranking of football stadia compiled by UEFAs Stadia and Security Committee. ... Camp Nou (Catalan for new field, often incorrectly reversed in English to become Nou Camp) is a football (soccer) stadium in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ... Estadi Olimpic Lluis Companys The Estadi OlÃmpic LluÃs Companys (also known as the Estadi OlÃmpic de MontjuÃ¯c) is a stadium in Barcelona. ... The 92 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXV Olympiad, were held in 1992 in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. ...

The Open Seat Godó, a 50-year-old ATP Tour International Series Gold tennis tournament, is held annually in the facilities of the Reial Club de Tenis Barcelona (Barcelona Royal Tennis Club). Several popular running competitions are organized year-round in Barcelona: Cursa del Corte Inglés (with about 60,000 participants each year)^{[citation needed]}, Cursa de la Mercè, Cursa Jean Bouin, Milla Sagrada Família and the San Silvestre. Also, each Christmas, a swimming race across the port is organized. Near Barcelona, in Montmeló, the 131,000 capacity Circuit de Catalunya racetrack hosts the Formula One Spanish Grand Prix and the Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix. Barcelona has also become very popular with skateboarders, which has led to a new anti-skateboarding law, which came into effect in 2006. The Open SEAT popularly known as Torneig Comte de GodÃ³ is an annual tennis tournament for male professional players. ... The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) was formed in 1972 to protect the interests of male professional Tennis players. ... International Series Gold is a series of professional tennis tournaments held internationally that are part of the ATP Tour. ... MontmelÃ³ is a municipality north of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain. ... The Circuit de Catalunya [seer-kweet-da-Cataloonya] is a racetrack in MontmelÃ³, to the north of Barcelona, Spain. ... The Spanish Grand Prix (Gran Premio de EspaÃ±a) is a Formula One race currently held at the Circuit de Catalunya in Barcelona, Spain as part of the annual Formula One championship season. ... The Catalan motorcycle Grand Prix is a motorcycling event held in Spain that is part of the Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A skateboarder performing a frontside lipslide Skateboarding is the act of rolling on or performing tricks with a skateboard. ...

Transportation and infrastructures

Airports

Barcelona is served by Barcelona International Airport in the town of El Prat de Llobregat, about 3 km from Barcelona. It is the second-largest airport in Spain, and the largest on the Mediterranean coast. It is a main hub for Vueling Airlines and Clickair, and also a focus for Spanair, Air Europa and Iberia. The airport mainly serves domestic and European destinations, but some airlines offer destinations in Asia and the United States. The airport is connected to the city by highway, commuter train and scheduled bus service. The airport handled 30,008,152 passengers ^[38] in 2006. A new terminal is being built, and its expected to enter service in 2009. Interior view of the airport Barcelona International Airport (IATA: BCN, ICAO: LEBL), also known as El Prat, is the main airport serving Barcelona, Spain. ... El Prat de Llobregat is a municipality in the comarca of the Baix Llobregat in Catalonia, Spain. ... Vueling Airbus A320 Vueling Airlines is a low-fare airline based in Barcelona, Spain. ... Clickair is a low-cost airline based in Barcelona, Spain, that operates services from a number of Spanish cities to nearly 40 destinations in Europe. ... Spanair S.A. (IATA: JK, ICAO: JKK, and Callsign: Spanair), is an airline based in Palma, Mallorca, Spain. ... Air Europa Boeing 737-800 landing Boeing 737-85P at Madrid Barajas International Airport Air Europa LÃneas AÃ©reas, S.A. is an airline based in Palma, Majorca, Spain. ... Iberia LÃneas AÃ©reas de EspaÃ±a, S.A., (IBEX-35:IBLA) (Iberia Airlines of Spain in English), usually shortened to Iberia, is the largest airline of Spain, based in Madrid. ... Small Text For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ...

Sabadell Airport is a smaller airport in the nearby town of Sabadell, devoted to pilot training, advertising flights, aerotaxi and private flights. Some low-cost airlines, like Ryanair and Martinair, prefer to use Girona-Costa Brava Airport, situated about 90 km to the north of Barcelona and Reus Airport, situated 77 km to the south. The Sabadell Airport (IATA: QSA, ICAO: LELL) is located next to the city of Sabadell, 10 km from Barcelona. ... Sabadell is one of the largest cities in the comarca (similar to the UK counties) of VallÃ¨s Occidental in Catalonia. ... Ryanair (ISEQ: RYA, LSE: RYA, NASDAQ: RYAAY) is an Irish airline headquartered in Dublin; however, its biggest operational base is at London Stansted Airport. ... Martinair is both a charter and scheduled airline based in the Netherlands, with daily passenger or cargo charter and regular flights to many destinations around the world from its main base of Schiphol International Airport (AMS) near Amsterdam. ... Girona-Costa Brava Airport (IATA: GRO, ICAO: LEGE) is an airport located twelve kilometres south from the city of Girona, next to the small village of VilobÃ dOnyar, in the north-east of Catalonia, Spain. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ...

Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1984 Ã— 1488 pixel, file size: 835 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Maremagnum, Barcelona, Catalunya From http://www. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1984 Ã— 1488 pixel, file size: 835 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Maremagnum, Barcelona, Catalunya From http://www. ...

Seaport

The Port of Barcelona has a 2000-year history and a great contemporary commercial importance. It is the most important Mediterranean port for general cargo of containers and cruisers. The port is managed by the Port Authority of Barcelona. Its 7.86 km² are divided into three zones: Port Vell (the Old Port), the commercial port and the logistics port (Barcelona Free Port). The port is undergoing an enlargement that will double its size thanks to diverting the mouth of the Llobregat river 2 km to the south.^[39] The Barcelona Free Port or Zona franca de Barcelona is a tariff-free industrial park that has developed within the Port of Barcelona, across the flat land of the Llobregat delta between the city of Barcelona and Barcelona International Airport to the south. ... Llobregat - The second greatest river in Catalonia, starts in Castellar de nHug (Berguedà), near Berga, ends in the Mediterranean Sea, near Barcelona. ...

The Port Vell area also houses the Maremagnum (a commercial mall), a multiplex cinema, the IMAX Port Vell and an aquarium. IMAX theatre at the Melbourne Museum complex, Australia BFI London IMAX by night IMAX dome in Guayaquil, Ecuador IMAX Theater in SM Mall of Asia, Philippines IMAX (short for Image Maximum) is a film format created by Canadas IMAX Corporation that has the capacity to display images of far...

Public transportation

Barcelona is served by a comprehensive local public transport network that includes a metro, a bus network, two separate tram networks (one of them, the Tramvia blau,^[40] connects to the Tibidabo funicular), and several funiculars and aerial cable cars. The Barcelona Metro network comprises nine lines, identified by an "L" followed by the line number as well as by individual colours. Most of the network is operated by the Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB), but three lines are FGC commuter lines that run through the city. When finished, the L9 will be the longest underground metro line in Europe with 42.6km. Autoritat del Transport MetropolitÃ (Metropolitan transport authority), shortened as ATM, regulates the fare of different transport systems in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, starting in 1997. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... A rapid transit, underground, subway, tube, elevated, or metro(politan) system is a railway â€” usually in an urban area â€” with a high capacity and frequency of service, and grade separation from other traffic. ... For other uses, see Bus (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Angels Flight, Los Angeles, California with gantlet track configuration Duquesne Incline, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania with full length parallel tracks The GÃ¼tschbahn in Lucerne, Switzerland â€“ from an 1893 guidebook A funicular, also called funicular railway, inclined railway, inclined plane, or, in the United Kingdom, a cliff railway, is a system of... Aerial tramway suspended on two track cables with an additional haulage rope Cable car at Zell am See in the Austrian Alps. ... PlaÃ§a de Catalunya station The Barcelona Metro, part of the mass transit public transport system of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain is an extensive network of electrified railways that run underground in central Barcelona and above ground into the citys suburbs. ...

The TMB also operates the city's tram networks, known as Trambaix and Trambesòs, and the city's daytime bus network, as well as a touristic bus service. The night bus network, known as Nitbus, is operated by Mohn. Transports Ciutat Comtal operates the regular Tomb Bus (across the Diagonal avenue) and Aerobus (to the airport) services. Other companies operate services that connect the city with towns in the metropolitan area. The Trambaix is a light rail (tram) system connecting the Baix Llobregat area with the city of Barcelona in Spain. ... The TrambesÃ²s is a light rail (tram) system connecting Sant AdriÃ del BesÃ²s with the city of Barcelona in Spain. ...

The Funicular de Montjuïc cable car climbs the Montjuïc hill. The cable cars of Vallvidrera and Tibidabo climb the Tibidabo hill. The city has two aerial cable cars: one to the Montjuïc castle and another that runs via Torre Jaume I and Torre Sant Sebastia over the port. The Funicular de MontjuÃ¯c, or MontjuÃ¯c funicular, is a funicular railway in the the city of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. ... MontjuÃ¯c - Hill of the Jews in medieval Catalan language or maybe a corruption of Latin Mons Jovicus (that is, hill of Jupiter). ... The Funicular de Vallvidrera, or Vallvidrera funicular, is a funicular railway in the Vallvidrera district of the city of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. ... Tibidabo is a hill overlooking Barcelona, Spain. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Torre Sant Sebastia is a 78 metre tall lattice tower in Barcelona, Spain. ...

Barcelona is a major hub for RENFE, the Spanish state railway network, and its main intercity train station is Sants Estació. The AVE high-speed rail system was recently extended from Madrid to Tarragona in southern Catalonia, and is expected to reach Barcelona by 2007. Renfe cercanías/rodalies and the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC) run Barcelona's widespread commuter train service. RENFE is Spains national railway operator. ... AVE Alstom trainsets at Seville. ... French designed Eurostar and Thalys TGVs side-by-side in the Paris-Gare du Nord. ... Motto: (Spanish for From Madrid to Heaven) Location Coordinates: , Country Spain Autonomous Community Comunidad AutÃ³noma de Madrid Province Madrid Administrative Divisions 21 Neighborhoods 127 Founded 9th century Government - Mayor Alberto Ruiz-GallardÃ³n JimÃ©mez (PP) Area - Land 607 kmÂ² (234. ... Tarragona (IPA: in Catalan) is a city located in the south of Catalonia, northeastern Spain, by the Mediterranean Sea. ... CercanÃas are commuter train networks that cover major metropolitan areas in Spain. ... FGC Logo Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan Government Railways), or FGC, is a railway company which operates several unconnected lines in the Catalonia, Spain. ... A Connex commuter train stands by the platform in Melbourne, Australia Regional rail systems, or commuter rail systems, usually provide a rail service through a central business district area into suburbs or other locations that draw large numbers of people on a daily basis. ...

The Estació del Nord (Northern Station), a former train station that was renovated for the 1992 Olympic Games, now serves as the terminus for long-distance and regional bus services. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1536x1028, 621 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1536x1028, 621 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Barcelona Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used...

Barcelona has a metered taxi fleet governed by the Institut Metropolità del Taxi (Metropolitan Taxi Institute), composed of more than 10,000 cars. Most of the licenses are in the hands of self-employed drivers.^[41] With their black and yellow livery, Barcelona's taxis are easily spotted. Taxicab, short forms taxi or cab, is a type of public transport for a single passenger, or small group of passengers, typically for a non-shared ride. ...

On March 22, 2007^[42], Barcelona's City Council started the Bicing service, a bicycle service understood as a public transport. Once the user has their user card, they can take a bicycle from any of the 100 stations spread around the city and use it anywhere the urban area of the city, and then leave it at another station^[43]. The service has been a success, with 50.000 subscribed users in three months.^[44]

Roads and highways

Barcelona is belted by two Rondes, the Ronda de Dalt (on the mountain side) and the Ronda del Litoral (alongside the coast), two partially-covered^[45] fast highways with several exits that allow to bypass the city.

The city's main arteries include the Diagonal Avenue, which crosses the city in diagonal (hence the name); the Meridiana Avenue which leads to the Glories Place and connects with the Diagonal Avenue and the Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, which crosses the city from north to south, including the center of the city.

Sister cities

Barcelona has sister relationships with many places worldwide: Sign denoting twin towns of Neckarsulm, Germany Town twinning is a concept whereby towns or cities in geographically and politically distinct areas are paired with the goal of fostering human contact and cultural links. ...

Image File history File links Flag_of_Serbia. ... NiÅ¡ or Nish (Serbian: ÐÐ¸Ñˆ / NiÅ¡, , Latin: Naissus, Greek: ÎÎ±Î¹ÏƒÏƒÏŒÏ‚ Naissos) is a city in Serbia situated at 43. ... Anthem Serbia() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian 1 Recognised regional languages Hungarian, Croatian, Slovak, Romanian, Rusyn 2 Albanian 3 Government Semi-presidential republic - President Boris TadiÄ‡ - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment - Formation 9th century - First unified state c. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Istanbul (Turkish: , Greek: , historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Kobe ) is the capital city of HyÅgo Prefecture and a prominent port city in Japan with a population of about 1. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Colombia. ... Nickname: Location of the city (urban in red) and municipality (dark gray) of MedellÃn in Antioquia Department. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uruguay. ... Department Montevideo Department Altitude 43 m Coordinates 34Âº 53S 56Âº 10W Founded 1726 Founder Bruno Mauricio de Zabala Population 1,325,968 (2004) (1st) Demonym Montevideano Phone Code +02 Postal Code 10000 Montevideo (IPA: ) is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Uruguay. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Montpellier (Occitan MontpelhiÃ¨r) is a city in the south of France. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Quebec Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government - Mayor GÃ©rald Tremblay Area [1][2][3] - City 365. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Location of Rio de Janeiro Coordinates: Country Brazil Region Southeast State Rio de Janeiro Government - Mayor Cesar Maia (PFL) Area - City 1,260 kmÂ² (486. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Nickname: Motto: Non ducor, duco(Latin) I am not led, I lead Location in the SÃ£o Paulo state. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina. ... Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo) Coordinates: , Country Bosnia and Herzegovina Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Canton Sarajevo Canton Government - Mayor Semiha Borovac (SDA) Area [1] - City 141. ... Bosnia and Herzegovina (also variously written Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Bosnia-Hercegovina) is a mountainous country in the western Balkans. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ... Nickname: Motto: El Trabajo templa el EspÃritu Location of Monterrey in northern Mexico Coordinates: , Country Mexico State Nuevo LeÃ³n Founded 20 September 1596 Government - Mayor Adalberto Madero ( PAN) Area - City 572 kmÂ² (220. ...

Other sights

Contents

Names

History

Geography

Climate

Cityscape

Parks

Beaches

Other

Demographics

Economy

Government and administrative divisions

Administrative divisions

Districts and neighbourhoods

Education

Culture

Entertainment and performing arts

Museums

Architecture

World Heritage Sites in Barcelona

Media

Sports

Transportation and infrastructures

Airports

Seaport

Public transportation

Roads and highways

Sister cities

Other sights

See also

References

Bibliography

External links

Contents

Names GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

History

Geography

Climate

Cityscape

Parks

Beaches

Other

Demographics

Economy

Government and administrative divisions

Administrative divisions

Districts and neighbourhoods

Education

Culture

Entertainment and performing arts

Museums

Architecture

World Heritage Sites in Barcelona

Media

Sports

Transportation and infrastructures

Airports

Seaport

Public transportation

Roads and highways

Sister cities

Other sights

See also

References

Bibliography

External links

Names