Barium chloride
General
Molecular formula	BaCl2
Molar mass	208.2324 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
CAS number	10361-37-2
Properties
Density and phase	3.856 g/cm3, solid
Solubility in water	37.5 g/100 ml (26°C)
Solubility in methanol	1.7 g/100g
Solubility in ethanol	Slightly soluble
Melting point	962 °C
Boiling point	1560 °C
Magnetic Susceptibility	-7.26e-005 cm3/mol
Structure
Coordination geometry	?
Crystal structure	monoclinic or orthorhombic
Thermodynamic data
Std enthalpy of formation ΔfHo298	−858.56 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy So298	123.70 J·K−1·mol−1
Heat of Fusion	76.1 J/g
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Toxic (T)
R-phrases	R20, R25
S-phrases	(S1/2), S45
Flash point	Non-flammable
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Other anions	Barium fluoride Barium bromide Barium iodide
Other cations	Calcium chloride Strontium chloride
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Barium chloride is the chemical compound with the formula BaCl₂. It is one of the most important water-soluble salts of barium. It is toxic. Like other barium salts, it imparts a yellow-green coloration to a flame. It is also hygroscopic. Barium chloride (anhydrous) This image has been released into the public domain by its creator and original copyright holder. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: ρ (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kg·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... This article describes water from a scientific and technical perspective. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, carbinol, wood alcohol or wood spirits, is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3OH. It is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, volatile, colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid with a distinctive odor that is somewhat milder and sweeter than ethanol (ethyl alcohol). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, drinking alcohol or grain alcohol, is a flammable, colorless, slightly toxic chemical compound with a distinctive perfume-like odor, and is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. ... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... In physics and electrical engineering, the magnetic susceptibility is the degree of magnetization of a material in response to an applied magnetic field. ... The coordination geometry of an atom is the geometrical pattern formed by its neighbors in a molecule or a crystal. ... Enargite crystals In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the 7 lattice point groups. ... In crystallography, the orthorhombic crystal system is one of the 7 lattice point groups. ... The standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 atmosphere... In chemistry, the standard molar entropy is the entropy content of one mole of substance, under conditions of standard temperature and pressure. ... Heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy which must be absorbed or lost for 1 gram of a substance to change states from a solid to a liquid or vice versa. ... An example MSDS in a US format provides guidance for handling a hazardous substance and information on its composition and properties. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on barium chloride. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main source of European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture with air. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on barium chloride. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on barium chloride. ... The refractive index (or index of refraction) of a medium is a measure for how much the speed of light (or other waves such as sound waves) is reduced inside the medium. ... The relative dielectric constant of a material under given conditions is a measure of the extent to which it concentrates electrostatic lines of flux. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on barium chloride. ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on barium chloride. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... Infrared spectroscopy (IR Spectroscopy) is the subset of spectroscopy that deals with the IR region of the EM spectrum. ... It has been suggested that NMR Data Processing be merged into this article or section. ... Mass spectrometry (also known as mass spectroscopy (deprecated)[1] or in common speech mass-spec) is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ... “Multivalent” redirects here. ... Barium fluoride (BaF2) is a chemical compound of barium and fluorine, also known as Barium(II) fluoride. ... Barium iodide occurs in two forms, one anhydrous and the other hydrated. ... “Multivalent” redirects here. ... Calcium chloride is a chemical compound of calcium and chlorine. ... Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chlorine. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... A chemical compound is a chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemically bonded chemical elements, with a fixed ratio determining the composition. ... General Name, Symbol, Number barium, Ba, 56 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 6, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 137. ... Toxic redirects here, but this is also the name of a song by Britney Spears; see Toxic (song) Look up toxic and toxicity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A hygroscopic substance is a substance that absorbs water readily from its surroundings. ...

Chemical properties

Since barium chloride is soluble in water, it can react with sulfate ion to produce a thick white precipitate of barium sulfate. Impact of a drop of water Water is a chemical substance that is essential to all known forms of life. ... In inorganic chemistry, a sulfate (IUPAC-recommended spelling; also sulphate in British English) is a salt of sulfuric acid. ... “Multivalent” redirects here. ... Granulated Barium Sulfate Barium sulfate (or barium sulphate) is the white crystalline solid with the formula BaSO4. ...

BaCl₂(aq) + SO₄^2- → BaSO₄(s) + 2 Cl^-(aq)

Barium chloride behaves as a simple salt; its solutions have a neutral pH. Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... For other uses, see Solid (disambiguation). ... The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine picks up one electron to form an anion (negatively-charged ion) Cl−. The salts of hydrochloric acid HCl contain chloride ions and can also be called chlorides. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... A magnified crystal of a salt (halite/sodium chloride) Salt covering the floor of Bad Water in Death Valley, CA, the lowest point in the US. A salt, in chemistry, is any ionic compound composed of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is neutral... The correct title of this article is . ...

Preparation

Barium chloride may be prepared from barium hydroxide or barium carbonate (found naturally as witherite) reacting with hydrochloric acid. On an industrial scale, it can be prepared via a two step process from barite (barium sulfate)^[4]: Barium hydroxide is a basic chemical compound, with the chemical formula Ba(OH)2. ... Barium carbonate (BaCO3), also known as witherite, is a chemical compound used in rat poison, bricks and cement. ... Witherite is a barium carbonate mineral, BaCO3, in the aragonite group. ... The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). ... Baryte with Cerussite from Morocco Baryte with Galena and Hematite from Poland Barite (BaSO4) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate. ... Granulated Barium Sulfate Barium sulfate (or barium sulphate) is the white crystalline solid with the formula BaSO4. ...

BaSO₄ + 4 C → BaS + 4 CO (done with heat)

BaS + CaCl₂ → BaCl₂ + CaS (done by fusion of the mixture) General Name, Symbol, Number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ... Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. ... Calcium chloride is a chemical compound of calcium and chlorine. ... Calcium sulfide is the chemical compound with the formula CaS. This white material crystallizes in cubes, with the rock salt structure. ... In physics, melting is the process of heating a solid substance to a point (called the melting point) where it turns into a liquid. ...

The BaCl₂ can then be leached out from the mixture with water. Impact of a drop of water Water is a chemical substance that is essential to all known forms of life. ...

Uses

As a cheap, soluble salt of barium, barium chloride finds wide application in the laboratory. It is commonly used as a test for sulfate ion (see chemical properties above). It can be used to prepare other insoluble salts such as the oxalate by precipitation: General Name, Symbol, Number barium, Ba, 56 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 6, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 137. ... An oxalate (called also: ethanedioate) is a salt or ester of oxalic acid. ...

BaCl₂(aq) + Na₂C₂O₄(aq) → BaC₂O₄ (s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

In industry barium chloride is mainly used in the purification of brine solution in caustic chlorine plants and also in the manufacture of heat treatment salts, case hardening of steel, in the manufacture of pigments, and in the manufacture of other barium salts. BaCl₂ is also used in fireworks to give a bright green color. However, its toxicity limits its applicability. Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... For other uses, see Solid (disambiguation). ... This articles section called Other facts does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Brine is water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. ... The steel cable of a colliery winding tower. ... It has been suggested that Firework be merged into this article or section. ...

Safety

BaCl₂ is toxic.

References

1. Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
2. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st edition, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1990.
3. The Merck Index, 7th edition, Merck & Co., Rahway, New Jersey, 1960.
4. H. Nechamkin, The Chemistry of the Element, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968.

External links

• International Chemical Safety Card 0614. (anhydrous)
• International Chemical Safety Card 0615. (dihydrate)
• NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards.
• European Chemicals Bureau.
• Barium chloride's use in industry.

• Links to external chemical sources