The title Marquess of Salisbury is a British title of Peerage, created in 1789 for James Cecil, 7th Earl of Salisbury. Most of the holders of the title have been prominent in British political life over the last two centuries, particularly Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, who served three times as prime minister in the late 19th and early twentieth century. The Peerage is a system of titles of nobility which exists in the United Kingdom and is one part of the British honours system. ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (February 3, 1830–August 22, 1903). ... In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ...

Lord Salisbury holds the subsidiary titles of Earl of Salisbury (created 1605), Viscount Cranborne (1604), and Baron Cecil, of Essendon in the County of Rutland (1603). The title Viscount Cranborne is the courtesy title of Lord Salisbury's eldest son and heir. In the British peerage system, wives, children, and other close relatives of a peer are addressed by styles that may mislead those unacquainted with the system into thinking that they have substantive titles. ...

The title Earl of Salisbury has a complex history. It was first created for Patrick de Salisbury in the middle twelfth century. It was eventually inherited by Alice, wife of Thomas Plantagenet, Earl of Lancaster. When the Earl of Lancaster lost his titles and was executed for treason in 1322, the Countess surrendered all of her titles to the King, and the titles lapsed.

The title was created for a second time in 1301 for William Montacute. It was inherited later by Richard Neville, upon whose death the title went into abeyance because multiple individuals were entitled to inherit it.

Then, in 1472, it was granted to George, Duke of Clarence. When the Duke of Clarence was executed in 1478 for treason (supposedly by being drowned in a vat of Malmsey wine), the title was forfeit. It was then granted to Edward of Middleham, who later became Prince of Wales. Upon Edward's death, the title became extinct. George (Plantagenet), Duke of Clarence (October 21, 1449 - February 18, 1478) was the third son of Richard, Duke of York and Cecily Neville, and the brother of King Edward IV of England. ... Edward of Middleham, also known as Edward Plantagenet (1473 - April 9, 1484) was the only son of King Richard III of England and his wife Anne Neville. ...

In 1485, the abeyance of the second Creation was terminated, and the title went to Edward Plantagenet, Richard Neville's grandson. Edward was executed for high treason in 1499; the title was, however, officially forfeit in 1504. Edward's sister, Margaret, regained the title in 1513, but she too forfeited the title in 1539.

The title was given to Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, a close advisor to James I. Cecil was a son of Queen Elizabeth I's chief advisor, William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley. The present Marquesses still hold the title of the Cecil creation. Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury (June 1, 1563 -May 24, 1612), son of William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley and half-brother of Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, statesman, spymaster and minister to Elizabeth I of England and James I of England. ... James VI of Scotland and I of England (Charles James) (19 June 1566–27 March 1625) was a King who ruled over England, Scotland and Ireland, and was the first Sovereign to reign in the three realms simultaneously. ... Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ... William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (13 September 1521–4 August 1598), was an English politician, the chief advisor of Queen Elizabeth I for most of her reign. ...

Earls of Salisbury, first Creation (c. 1145)

• Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury (d. 1168)
• William of Salisbury, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (d. 1196)
• William de Longespee, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (ca. 1176-1226)
• Margaret de Lacy, 4th Countess of Salisbury (d. 1310)
• Alice Plantagenet, 5th Countess of Salisbury (d. 1348) (forfeit 1322)

Events Pope Lucius II is succeeded by Pope Eugene III Nur ad-Din ascends to power in Syria Construction begins on Notre-Dame dChartres in Chartres, France Korean historian Kim Pusik compiled the historical text Samguk Sagi. ... Events December 22 - Afraid that Old Cairo would be captured by the Crusaders, its Caliph orders the city set afire. ... Events Spring, London, popular uprising of the poor against the rich led by William Fitz Osbern. ... William de Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (William Longsword in English) (ca. ... Events May 22 - Murder attempt by the Hashshashin on Saladin near Aleppo Raynald of Chatillon released from prison in Aleppo May 29 - Frederick Barbarossa is defeated in the Battle of Legnano by the Lombard League leading to the pactum Anagninum (the Agreement of Anagni) September 17 - Seljuk Turks defeat Manuel... Events Carmelite Order approved by Pope Honorius III Frederick II calls Imperial Diet of Cremona Births Deaths October 3 Saint Francis of Assisi founder of the Franciscan Order and patron Saint of animals and the environment Canonized by Pope Gregory IX in 1228 November 8 King Louis VIII of France... Events Abulfeda becomes governor of Hama. ... Events April 7 - Charles University is founded in Prague. ... Events September 27/September 28 - Battle of Ampfing, often called the last battle of knights, in which Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria Births Emperor Komyo of Japan, second of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Deaths January 3 - France Categories: 1322 ...

Earls of Salisbury, second Creation (1337)

• William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury (1301-1344)
• William Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (1328-1397)
• John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (1350-1400) (forfeit 1400)
• Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury (1388-1428) (restored 1421, although styled and summoned to parliament as such from at least 1409)
• Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400-1460)
• Richard Neville, 6th Earl of Salisbury (1428-1471) (abeyant 1471)
• Edward Plantagenet, 7th Earl of Salisbury (1475-1499) (abeyance terminated 1485; forfeit 1504)
• Margaret Plantagenet, 8th Countess of Salisbury (1474-1541) (restored 1513; forfeit 1539)

This page concerns 1337, the year. ... William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury, 3rd Baron Montacute (1301-1344) was an English nobleman. ... Events February 7 - Edward of Caernarvon (later King Edward II of England) becomes the first Prince of Wales End of the reign of Emperor Go-Fushimi of Japan Emperor Go-Nijo ascends to the throne of Japan Births June 19 - Prince Morikuni, 9th Kamakura shogun of Japan July 23 - Otto... Events English king Edward III introduces three new gold coins, the florin. ... William Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (June 25, 1328 - June 3, 1397) was an English nobleman. ... Events May 1 - Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton - England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence May 12 - Nicholas V is consecrated at St Peters Basilica in Rome by the bishop of Venice. ... Events February 10 - John Beaufort becomes Earl of Somerset. ... John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (c. ... Events Hayam Wuruk becomes ruler of the Majapahit Empire The Black Death ravages Europe (1347-1351) Births Manuel II Palaeologus, future Byzantine Emperor John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date). ... Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births Owen Tudor, seventh generation descedant of Rhys ap Gruffydd (approximate... Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury (1388- November 3, 1428) was an English nobleman. ... Events Beginning of prosecution of Lollards in England The Battle of Otterburn between England and Scotland Births Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury. ... Events October 12 - English forces under Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury besiege Orléans. ... Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1400 - December 31, 1460) was a Yorkist leader during the early parts of the Wars of the Roses. ... Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births Owen Tudor, seventh generation descedant of Rhys ap Gruffydd (approximate... Events The first Portuguese navigators reach the coast of modern Sierra Leone. ... Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (1428—April 14, 1471), was also known as Warwick the Kingmaker. ... Events October 12 - English forces under Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury besiege Orléans. ... This article is about the year 1471, not the BT caller ID service accessible by dialling 1-4-7-1. ... Edward (Plantagenet), Earl of Warwick, (February 25, 1475-November 28, 1499) was the son of George, Duke of Clarence, and a potential claimant to the throne during the reigns of both King Richard III of England (1483 - 1485) and his successor, Henry VII of England (1485 - 1509). ... Events August 29 - Treaty of Picquigny ends a brief war between France and England. ... Events July 22 - Battle of Dornach - The Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I. July 28 - First Battle of Lepanto - The Turkish navy wins a decisive victory over the Venetians. ... Margaret Pole (1473 - 1541), Countess of Salisbury, was the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence, brother of Edward IV and Isabella Neville . ... Events December 12 - Upon the death of Henry IV of Castile a civil war ensues between his designated successor Isabella I of Castile and her sister Juana who was supported by her husband, Alfonso V of Portugal. ... Events The first official translation of the entire Bible in Swedish February 12 - Pedro de Valdivia founds Santiago de Chile. ...

Earls of Salisbury, third Creation (1472)

• George, Duke of Clarence, Earl of Salisbury (1472-1478) (forfeit 1478)

Events February 20 - The Orkneys and Shetlands are annexed to the crown of Scotland Discovery of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia by João Vaz Corte-Real. ... George (Plantagenet), Duke of Clarence (October 21, 1449 - February 18, 1478) was the third son of Richard, Duke of York and Cecily Neville, and the brother of King Edward IV of England. ... Events February 20 - The Orkneys and Shetlands are annexed to the crown of Scotland Discovery of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia by João Vaz Corte-Real. ... Events February 18 - George, Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is privately executed in the Tower of London. ...

Earls of Salisbury, fourth Creation (1478)

• Edward Plantagenet, 1st Earl of Salisbury (1473 - 1484)

Events February 18 - George, Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is privately executed in the Tower of London. ... Edward of Middleham, also known as Edward Plantagenet (1473 - April 9, 1484) was the only son of King Richard III of England and his wife Anne Neville. ... Events Ottoman sultan Mehmed II defeats the White Sheep Turkmens lead by Uzun Hasan at Otlukbeli Axayacatl, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan invades the territory of neighboring Aztec city of Tlatelolco. ... Events July 6 - Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of Congo River December 5 - Pope Innocent VIII gives the inquisition a mission to hunt heretics and witches in Germany with the lead of Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger First cuirassier units (kyrissers) formed in Austria Births January...

Earls of Salisbury, fifth Creation (1605)

• Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury (c. 1565-1612)
• William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury (1591-1668)
• James Cecil, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (1648-1683)
• James Cecil, 4th Earl of Salisbury (1666-1694)
• James Cecil, 5th Earl of Salisbury (1691-1728)
• James Cecil, 6th Earl of Salisbury (1713-1780)
• James Cecil, 7th Earl of Salisbury (1748-1823) (became Marquess of Salisbury in 1789)

Events April 13 - Tsar Boris Godunow dies - Feodor II accedes to the throne May 16 - Paul V becomes Pope June 1 - Russian troops in Moscow imprison Feodor II and his mother. ... Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury (June 1, 1563 -May 24, 1612), son of William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley and half-brother of Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, statesman, spymaster and minister to Elizabeth I of England and James I of England. ... Events March 1 - the city of Rio de Janeiro is founded April 27 - Cebu City is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. ... Events January 20 - Mathias becomes Holy Roman Emperor. ... Events June - Capture of Zutphen by the Dutch under Maurice of Nassau. ... Events January - The Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed. ... James Cecil, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (1648 - June 1683) was an English nobleman, invested a Privy Councillor in 1679 and given the garter a year later, but expelled from the Council shortly before his death. ... Events Peace treaty signed at Westphalia ends the Thirty Years War. ... Events June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the worlds first university museum. ... Events September 2 - Great Fire of London: A large fire breaks out in London in the house of Charles IIs baker on Pudding Lane near London Bridge. ... Events February 6 - The colony Quilombo dos Palmares is destroyed. ... Events March 5 - French troops under Marshal Louis-Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish-held town of Mons March 29 - Siege of Mons ends to the city’s surrender October 3 - Treaty of Limerick which guaranteed civil rights to catholics was signed. ... Events Astronomical aberration discovered by the astronomer James Bradley Swedish academy of sciences founded at Uppsala Births January 9 - Thomas Warton, English poet (d. ... Events April 11 - War of the Spanish Succession: Treaty of Utrecht June 23 - French residents of Acadia given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia Canada first Orrery built by George Graham Ongoing events Great Northern War (1700-1721) War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713... 1780 was a leap year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Events April 24 - A congress assembles at Aix-la-Chapelle with the intent to conclude the struggle known as the War of Austrian Succession - at October 18 - The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed to end the war Adam Smith begins to deliver public lectures in Edinburgh Building of... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

Marquesses of Salisbury (1789)

• James Cecil, 1st Marquess of Salisbury (1748-1823)
• James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury (1791-1868)
• Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830-1903)
• James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury (1861-1947)
• Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury (1893-1972)
• Robert Edward Peter Cecil Gascoyne-Cecil, 6th Marquess of Salisbury (1916-2003)
• Robert Michael James Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury (b. 1946)

Heir Apparent: Robert Edward William Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne (b. December 18, 1970) 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Events April 24 - A congress assembles at Aix-la-Chapelle with the intent to conclude the struggle known as the War of Austrian Succession - at October 18 - The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed to end the war Adam Smith begins to deliver public lectures in Edinburgh Building of... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury (17 April 1791 - 12 April 1868) was an English statesman. ... 1791 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (February 3, 1830–August 22, 1903). ... 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1903 has the latest occurring solstices and equinoxes for 400 years, because the Gregorian calendar hasnt had a leap year for seven years or a century leap year since 1600. ... James Edward Hubert Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury (October 23, 1861 - April 4, 1947) was the eldest son and heir of the Victorian statesman Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... 1947 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Robert Arthur James Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury KG (August 27, 1893-February 23, 1972) was a grandson of the great 3rd Marquess. ... 1893 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1972 was a leap year that started on a Saturday. ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... 2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, and also: The International Year of Freshwater The European Disability Year Events January January 1 - Luíz Inácio Lula Da Silva becomes the 37th President of Brazil. ... Robert Michael James Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury, PC (born September 30, 1946), was a Conservative politician and Leader of the House of Lords, under his courtesy title of Viscount Cranborne. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ...