The barrel of a firearm is the tube, usually metal, through which a controlled explosion is released in order to propel a projectile out of the end at great speed. A firearm is a kinetic energy weapon that fires either a single or multiple projectiles propelled at high velocity by the gases produced by action of the rapid confined burning of a propellant. ... In chemistry, a metal (Greek: Metallon) is an element that readily forms ions (cations) and has metallic bonds, and it is sometimes said that it is similar to a cation in a cloud of electrons. ... A projectile is any object sent through the air by the application of some force. ...
The first guns were made in a time where metallurgy was not quite what it is today, so the pipe needed to be braced periodically along its length, producing an appearance somewhat reminiscent of a barrel.
Smallbore
Generally a smallbore gun refers to a rifle or a handgun that has an inside barrel diameter of less than .243(6mm) caliber. A rifle is any long gun which has a rifled barrel. ... A handgun is a firearm small enough to be carried and used in one hand. ... The word caliber (American English) or calibre (British English) designates the interior diameter of a tube or the exterior diameter of a wire or rod. ...
Cut the barrel to 18-1/4"/464mm and it becomes a "restricted firearm." Cut it again -- to 17-7/8"/454mm -- and it becomes a "prohibited firearm." It is amazing how cutting 3/8"/10mm rings off its barrel changes the basic character of the firearm, with less than an inch of overall length change!
The law apparently tried to prohibit certain lengths of barrel or firearm -- and failed miserably, because the limits are all conditional.
It should be registered as a partial firearm, NOT a "frame or receiver ONLY." The government's computer program cannot handle that variation, because the software is poorly designed and written, but that is what it should be registered as.