Basalt fiber or fibre is a material made from extremely fine fibers of basalt, which is composed of the minerals plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine. It is similar to carbon fibre and fiberglass, having better physicomechanical properties than fiberglass, but being significantly cheaper than carbon fibre. It is used as a fireproof textile in the aerospace and automotive industries and can also be used as a composite to produce products such as tripods. material is the substance or matter from which something is or can be made, or also items needed for doing or creating something. ... For the meaning of fiber in nutrition, see dietary fiber. ... Basalt Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock, sometimes porphyritic, and is often both fine-grained and dense. ... Minerals are natural compounds formed through geological processes. ... Feldspar (from the German Feld, field, and Spat, a rock that does not contain ore) is the name of an important group of rock-forming minerals which make up perhaps as much as 60% of the Earths crust. ... The Pyroxenes are a group of important rock-forming silicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks. ... Olivine The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the formula (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 in which the ratio of magnesium and iron varies between the two endmembers of the series: forsterite (Mg-rich) and fayalite (Fe-rich). ... Carbon fiber composite is a strong, light and very expensive material. ... There is a disputed proposal to merge this article with glass-reinforced plastic. ... This article is about the type of fabric. ... Aerospace engineering is the branch of engineering concerning aircraft, spacecraft and related topics. ... Car redirects here. ... Camera Tripod A tripod refers to any three-legged structure. ...

Manufacture

The manufacture basalt fiber requires the melting of the quarried basalt rock to about 1,400°C. The molten rock is then extruded through small nozzles to produce continuous filaments of basalt fiber. There are three main manufacturing techniques, which are centrifugal-blowing, centrifugal-multiroll and die-blowing. The fibers typically have a filament diameter of between 9 and 13 µm which is far enough the respiratory limit of 5 µm to make basalt fiber a suitable replacement for asbestos. A micrometre (American spelling: micrometer), symbol µm, is an SI unit of length. ... Asbestos (Greek a-, not; sbestos, extinguishable) is a group of fibrous metamorphic minerals. ...

History

The first attempts to produce basalt fiber date to 1923 in the United States of America. These were further developed after World War II by researchers in the USA, Europe and the Soviet Union especially for military and aerospace applications. Since declassification in 1995 basalt fibers have been used in a wider range of civilian applications. 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The United States of America — also referred to as the United States, the U.S.A., the U.S., America, the States, or (archaically) Columbia—is a federal republic of 50 states located primarily in central North America (with the exception of two states: Alaska and Hawaii). ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... Soviet Union - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... A military or miltary force (n. ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• The production of basalt fibers (http://www.sfsti.uzsci.net/basalt.htm) Information from the Uzbekistan state scientific committee.
• Information on the history and application of basalt fibers (http://www.basaltex.com/)