This BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used in the surveyal of the United States.
In United States land surveyal, a baseline is the principal east-west line that divides townships between north and south. The baseline meets its corresponding meridian at the point of origin for the land survey. Download high resolution version (1500x1037, 908 KB)BLM Map of Prinicipal Meridians and Baselines File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1500x1037, 908 KB)BLM Map of Prinicipal Meridians and Baselines File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... In the American Public Land Survey System, a township refers to a unit of land, that is nominally six miles (9. ...
The baseline for Nebraska and Kansas is shared as the border for both states (40th parallel).
In Canadian land surveyal, a base line is one of the many principle east-west lines that correspond to 4 tiers of townships (2 tiers north and 2 south). Each base line is about 24 miles apart, with the first base line at the 49th parallel, the Western US-Canadian border. The 49th parallel of north latitude forms part of the International Boundary between Canada and the United States from Manitoba to British Columbia on the Canadian side and from Minnesota to Washington on the U.S. side. ...
For example, the baseline for Nebraska and Kansas is shared as the border for both states, at the 40th parallel.
Adapted to surveying, the dioptra is similar to the theodolite, or "surveyor's transit" (which dates to the 16th century).
The ordinary methods of surveying with a theodolite, chain, and levelling instrument are fairly satisfactory when the ground is pretty clear of obstructions and not very precipitous, but it becomes extremely cumbrous when the ground is much covered with bush, or broken up by ravines.
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