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Encyclopedia > Basque diaspora

The Basque diaspora is the name given to describe people of Basque origin living outside their traditional homeland on the borders between Spain and France. Many Basques have left the Basque Country for other parts of the globe for economic and political reasons, with substantial populations in Venezuela, Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Colombia and the United States. For other uses, see Diaspora (disambiguation). ... Languages Basque - few monoglots Spanish - 1,525,000 monoglots French - 150,000 monoglots Basque-Spanish - 600,000 speakers Basque-French - 76,000 speakers [4] other native languages Religions Traditionally Roman Catholic The Basques (Basque: ) are an indigenous people[5] who inhabit parts of northeastern Spain and southwestern France. ... Location of the Basque Country The Basque Country divided in seven provinces Capital Pamplona Official languages Basque, French, Spanish Demonym Basque Currency Euro The real Basque-speaking zones This article is about the overall Basque domain. ...

Contents

Basques in Argentina

Main article: Basque Argentines

People of Basque descent make up 10% of Argentina's population, and it was the main destination for Basques emigrating from both Spain and France in the 19th and 20th centuries. Basques have left a strong mark on Argentine culture and politics, with many place names and surnames, including those of several Presidents, betraying their Basque roots. After several generations, a sense of Basque heritage is still strong, maintained through numerous Basque cultural centres in major cities. Argentine sportspeople with Basque surnames have frequently been nicknamed El Vasco. Basque settlement in Argentina took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries when many immigrants arrived in Argentina from the Basque Country. ...


Basques in Mexico

The largest concentrations of Basque people in Mexico are found in the states of Nuevo León and Nueva Viscaya (today the state of Durango), where the Basque surname of Garza is today one of the most common in that state, as well as in the neighboring states of Coahuila and Texas. Both Durango and Viscaya are Basque names. Nuevo León (Spanish for New León, after the former kingdom in Spain) is a state located in northeastern Mexico. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Nueva Vizcaya Region: Cagayan Valley (Region II) Capital: Bayombong Founded: — Population: 2000 census—366,962 (19th smallest) Density—94 per km² (14th lowest) Area: 3,903. ... Durango (IPA pronunciation ) is one of the constituent states of Mexico. ... Garza is a Basque surname and the Spanish language equivalent of heron. ... Coahuila (formal name: Coahuila de Zaragoza) is one of Mexicos 31 component states. ... Official language(s) No official language See languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Largest metro area Dallas–Fort Worth Metroplex Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 261,797 sq mi (678,051 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ...


Basques in the United States

There are about 57,000 people of Basque descent living in the United States, according to the 2000 census. This number is highly disputed, however, since before the 1980 census there had never been a federally recognized category for Basques. As a result, Basques were usually categorized as Spanish or French. It is speculated that there are many more Americans of Basque descent who still classify themselves as Spanish, French or Latin American.

A Basque center in Boise
A Basque center in Boise
Christmas notice partly in Basque, also from Boise
Christmas notice partly in Basque,
also from Boise

The largest concentration of Basque Americans is in the Boise, Idaho, area, where approximately 15,000 Basque Americans live.[1] Boise is home of the Basque Museum and Cultural Center and hosts a large Basque festival known as Jaialdi every five years. A large majority of the Boise Basque community traces its ancestry to Bizkaia (Vizcaya) in northern Spain [1]. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 163 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 163 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 143 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) a notice in English and Basque in a restaurant in Boise, Idaho File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 143 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) a notice in English and Basque in a restaurant in Boise, Idaho File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared... Basque-Americans Basque-American Lauburu are citizens of the United States who are of Basque ancestry. ... “Boise” redirects here. ... Official language(s) English [1] Capital Boise Largest city Boise Largest metro area Boise metropolitan area Area  Ranked 14th  - Total 83,642 sq mi (216,632 km²)  - Width 305 miles (491 km)  - Length 479 miles (771 km)  - % water 0. ... Biscay (Basque Bizkaia, Spanish: Vizcaya) is a province of northern Spain, in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ...


Other significant Basque populations in the United States are located in Reno, Nevada, and the Central Valley region of California. Reno is home to the nation's only Basque Studies Department at the University of Nevada. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Official language(s) English Capital Carson City Largest city Las Vegas Area  Ranked 7th  - Total 110,567 sq mi (286,367 km²)  - Width 322 miles (519 km)  - Length 490 miles (788 km)  - % water 0. ... The California Central Valley Part of the Valley as seen from overhead A typical Central Valley scene at ground level The California Central Valley is a large, flat valley that dominates the central portion of the U.S. state of California. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... The University of Nevada, Reno (Nevada or UNR) is a university located in Reno, Nevada, USA, and is known for its programs in agricultural research, animal biotechnology, and mining-related engineering and natural sciences. ...


There has been a Basque presence in the Americas from the age of Columbus. Basques under the crown of Castile were among the explorers, priests and Conquistadors of the Spanish Empire. Placenames like Durango and Biscayne Bay remember their foundations. Basques began to come to English-speaking America during the 1848 California Gold Rush. The first wave of Basques were already part of the diaspora who were living in Chile and Argentina and came when they heard word of the discovery of gold. When the gold rush did not pan out for most Basque immigrants, the majority turned to ranching and sheep-herding in California's Central Valley, and later in northern Nevada and southern Idaho. Many more Basques arrived from the Basque Country upon hearing of the success of their comrades in America. Conquistadors (Spanish: []) (English: Conqueror) were Spanish soldiers, explorers and adventurers who invaded and conquered much of the Americas and Asia Pacific, bringing them under Spanish colonial rule between the 15th and 19th centuries, starting with the 1492 settlement by Christopher Columbus in what is now the Dominican Republic and Haiti. ... Capital Toledo (until 1561) Madrid (after 1561) Language(s) Spanish Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy Monarch  - 1516-1556 Charles I  - 1886-1898 Alfonso XIII¹ Regent  - 1886-1898 Maria Christina History  - Discovery of America 1402  - Conquest of the Aztec Empire 1519-1521  - Conquest of the Inca Empire 1532–1537  - Spanish-American... Durango (IPA pronunciation ) is one of the constituent states of Mexico. ... Biscayne Bay separates Miami on the mainland from Miami Beach on the barrier islands of the Atlantic Ocean coast of Florida. ... The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill. ... Ranching is the raising of cattle or sheep on rangeland, although one might also speak of ranching with regard to less common livestock such as elk, bison or emu. ... Sheep husbandry is the raising and breeding of domestic sheep. ...


Basque immigration was effectively cut off by the 1921 National Origins Quota Act. Basque immigration was restored by Nevada Senator McCarran's 1952 immigration act, which allowed a quota of 500 Basques (technically 'Spanish Sheep Herders'). Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Immigration Act of 1924. ...


Basques in Asia

There is a little known, but thriving Basque population based in Asia, especially in the Philippines. The Philippines having been a Spanish colonial asset for over 300 years, was populated by the conquistadors, merchants, clergy, sailors and entreupeneurs that were mostly of Basque origin. These families of Basque lineage over time entrenched themselves and slowly integrated into the Philippine social landscape, developing themselves into some of the most prominent families in the country. This is evident to this day in the market dominance of Basque-originating families such as the Aboitiz shipping magnates, the Zobel de Ayala family and political clans like the Zubiris and the Ozámiz. A majority of names of Iberian (mostly Castilian) origin in the Philippines, however, come not from actual peninsular ancestors but from the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, a list of surnames imposed on the former Spanish province’s native inhabitants by then Captain-General Narciso Clavería. As a result of this, most Basque surnames in the Philippines are a veritable indicator of actual Iberian Peninsular ancestry, while common Castilian family names in the Philippines could very well be traced to the catalog used by the colonial administrators in issuing out family names to natives of the Philippines who did not yet use surnames. For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... Conquistador (Spanish: kōn-kÄ“-stŏ-dōr) (meaning Conqueror in the Spanish language) is the term used to refer to the soldiers, explorers, and adventurers who brought much of the Americas and Asia Pacific under Spanish colonial rule between the 15th and 17th centuries, starting with the 1492 settlement... Merchants function as professional traders, dealing in commodities that they do not produce themselves. ... Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given religion. ... A sailor is a member of the crew of a ship or boat. ... The Zobel de Ayala clan is an afffluent Filipino family originating from northern Spain’s mountainous region of Álava descending from the lineage of Juan Larrazabal Ayala (circa 1475), an influential landowner. ... The Catálogo alfabético de apellidos (English: Alphabetical Catalog of Surnames) is a book of surnames published in the Philippines in the mid-19th century. ...


Some of the first Christian missionaries in Asia were of Basque descent such as the Jesuit Francis Xavier who died on Sancian Island off the Chinese Coast. For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... Saint Francis Xavier (Basque: San Frantzisko Xabierkoa; Spanish: San Francisco Javier; Portuguese: São Francisco Xavier; Chinese: 聖方濟各沙勿略) (7 April 1506 - 2 December 1552) was a Spanish pioneering Roman Catholic Christian missionary and co-founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order). ...


See also

Location of the historical region of the Basque Country in Spain and France

Mexican people of Basque descent. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Location of the Basque Country The Basque Country divided in seven provinces Capital Pamplona Official languages Basque, French, Spanish Demonym Basque Currency Euro The real Basque-speaking zones This article is about the overall Basque domain. ... Languages Basque - few monoglots Spanish - 1,525,000 monoglots French - 150,000 monoglots Basque-Spanish - 600,000 speakers Basque-French - 76,000 speakers [4] other native languages Religions Traditionally Roman Catholic The Basques (Basque: ) are an indigenous people[5] who inhabit parts of northeastern Spain and southwestern France. ...

There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Azcárraga family is a wealthy Mexican media dynasty. ... Sor Juana (12 November 1651 (or 1648, according to some biographers) – 17 April 1695), also known as Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz or, in full, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz de Asbaje y Ramírez, was a self taught Mexican scholar, nun, and writer of the... See: Legazpi, Spain Legazpi City, Albay, Philippines This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Jai-Alai (IPA: in English and in Basque) means Merry Festival in the Basque language. ... Ernesto Guevara de la Serna (June 14,[1] 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as Che Guevara, El Che or just Che was an Argentine-born Marxist revolutionary, medical doctor , political figure, and leader of Cuban and internationalist guerrillas. ... “Bolívar” redirects here. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... José Fortich Ozámiz (May 5, 1898 - 1944) was a Filipino politician from Mindanao. ... Captain General Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte[1] (November 25, 1915 – December 10, 2006) was President of Chile from 1974 to 1990. ... Thunder in the Sun is a 1959 western film made by Carrollton Inc and Seven Arts Productions and distributed by Paramount Pictures. ... Saint Francis Xavier (Basque: San Frantzisko Xabierkoa; Spanish: San Francisco Javier; Portuguese: São Francisco Xavier; Chinese: 聖方濟各沙勿略) (7 April 1506 - 2 December 1552) was a Spanish pioneering Roman Catholic Christian missionary and co-founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order). ... The Zobel de Ayala clan is an afffluent Filipino family originating from northern Spain’s mountainous region of Álava descending from the lineage of Juan Larrazabal Ayala (circa 1475), an influential landowner. ...

Notes and references

  1. ^ Jaialdi 2005 kicks off, The Idaho Statesman, July 25, 2005.

is the 206th day of the year (207th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

  • "Basques Around the World, Generic Emigrants or Diaspora?" by Gloria P. Totoricagüena: [2]


 

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