The Basque nationalist movement had its roots in the early 1876 when the Spanish government revoked the "fueros" or Basque legal systems and juridical identity, which meant then the last remnants of Basque sovereignity. The Fueros were the Basque constitutional system and gave Basque citizens a unique position in Spain with special tax and political status; additionally, Basques didn't have to serve in the Spanish army but had their own system of defense, which in the case of the naval army was traditionally bigger and stronger by itself than that of all the Spanish army. The separatist movement, however, didn't begin to evolve until 20 years into the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, although there were yet debate about it so early as by XVIII siecle, with important works made to counteract the Bourbon court attemts to suppress the Basque Foral system.
Political Spain in 1854, after the first Carlist War
Basque separatists want a fully independent state consisting of the Basque Autonomous community (Álava, Vizcaya and Guipúzcoa), the Autonomous Community of Navarra and the Pyrénées-Atlantiques (Labourd, Basse-Navarre and France and have a common border with two Spanish Basque provinces.
Basque nationalism is a movement with roots in the early 1876 when the Spanish government revoked the fueros or Basque legal systems and juridical identity, the last remnants of Basque sovereignty.
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