Bassam Tibi, born 1944 in Damascus, is a political scientist of Syrian origin with German citizenship known for his analysis of international relations concerning Islamic countries and civilisation. Being a Muslim himself, he is known for his fair and unbiased view of Islam. He studied in Frankfurt am Main and habilitated in Hamburg, Germany. Since 1973 he teaches international politics at Göttingen University. In 1982 he was Visiting Scholar at Harvard University, and is currently an A.D. White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University. He has done research in Asian and African countries. He publishes in English, German and Arabic. 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Damascus by night, pictured from Jabal Qasioun; the green spots are minarets Damascus (Arabic officially دمشق Dimashq, colloquially ash-Sham الشام) is the capital city of Syria and is the oldest inhabited city in the world. ... See also: Political Science Notable political scientists Kenneth Arrow - Nobel Memorial Prize winning economist who published influential paper on his widely cited Arrows Impossibility Theorem Robert Axelrod Duncan Black - Responsible for unearthing the work of many early political scientists, including Charles Dodgson Jean-Charles de Borda - 18th century mathematician... International relations (IR), a branch of political science, is the study of foreign affairs of and relations among states within the international system, including the roles of inter-governmental organizations (IGOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and multinational corporations (MNCs). ... Islam ( Arabic al-islām الإسلام,  listen?) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Frankfurt am Main [ˈfraŋkfʊrt] is the largest city in the German state of Hessen and the fifth largest city of Germany. ... Hamburg is Germanys second largest city (after Berlin) and, with the Hamburg Harbour, its principal port. ... The Georg-August University of Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, often called the Georgia Augusta) was founded in 1734 by George II, King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover, and opened in 1737. ... Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and a member of the Ivy League. ... For other uses of the name Cornell, see Cornell (disambiguation). ...

Published Works

Books

• "Arab Nationalism : A Critical Enquiry." Translated by Marion Farouk-Sluglett and Peter Sluglett. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981.

• "The Crisis of Modern Islam : A Preindustrial Culture in the Scientific-Technological Age." Translated by Judith von Sivers. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1988.

• "Arab Nationalism : A Critical Enquiry." Translated by Marion Farouk-Sluglett and Peter Sluglett. 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.

• "Islam and the Cultural Accommodation of Social Change." Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1990.

• "Conflict and War in the Middle East, 1967-91 : Regional Dynamic and the Superpowers." Translated by Clare Krojzl. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.

• "Arab Nationalism : Between Islam and the Nation-State." 3rd ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.

• "The Challenge of Fundamentalism : Political Islam and the New World Disorder." Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998; updated edition 2002. ISBN 0-520-23690-4 Author's abstract: http://www.ucpress.edu/books/pages/6525/6525.abs.html

• "Islam between Culture and Politics. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York Cambridge, Mass: Palgrave, in association with the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Harvard University, 2001.

• "Crusade and Jihad: Islam and the Christian World" Wilhelm Goldmann Verlag, München, Random House GmbH, 2001 ISBN 963-13-5238-2

Articles

• "The Renewed Role of Islam in the Political and Social Development of the Middle East." Middle East Journal 37, no. 1 (1983): 3-13.

• "Islam and Modern European Ideologies." International Journal of Middle East Studies 18, no. 1 (1986): 15-29.

• "Islam and Arab Nationalism." In Islamic Impulse, ed. Barbara Freyer Stowasser, 59-74. London ; Washington, D.C.: Croom Helm ; Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, 1987.

• "The European Tradition of Human Rights and Culture of Islam." In Human Rights in Africa Cross Cultural Perspectives, ed. Abdullahi Ahmed An Na`im and Francis M. Deng, 104. Washington DC: Brookings Institution, 1990.

• "The Simultaneity of the Unsimultaneous - Old Tribes and Imposed Nation-States in the Modern Middle East." In Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East, ed. Philip S. Khoury and Joseph Kostiner, 127-152. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.

• "Islamic Law/Shari'a, Human Rights, Universal Morality and International Relations." Human Rights Quarterly 16, no. 2 (1994): 277.

• "The Worldview of Sunni Arab Fundamentalists : Attitudes toward Modern Science and Technology." In Fundamentalisms and Society, ed. Martin E. Marty and R. Scott Appelby, 73-102. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.

• "War and Peace in Islam." In Ethics of War and Peace, ed. Terry Nardin, 128-145. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.

• "The Fundamentalist Challenge to the Secular Order in the Middle East." Fletcher Forum of World Affairs 23 (1999): 191-210.

• "Post-Bipolar Order in Crisis: The Challenge of Politicised Islam." Millennium 29, no. 3 (2000): 843-860.