20th century replica of the Batavia
General Description
Nationality:	Dutch
Owners:	Dutch East India Company
Builders:
Captain:	François Pelsaert[1]
Port of registry:	Amsterdam, Netherlands?
Laid down:	4 June 1629
Launched:	29 October 1628
Christened:	Not christened
Maiden voyage:	1628
Fate:	Ran aground
Details
Gross Register Tonnage:	650 gross register tons (GRT)
Displacement:	c. 1200  tons
Length:	56.60  m
Beam:	10.50  m
Draught:	5.10  m
Power:
Propulsion:	Sails (1180 m²)
Speed:	Dictated by wind

Batavia was a ship of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). She was built in Amsterdam in 1628, and had 24 cast-iron cannons. Batavia was shipwrecked on her maiden voyage, and made famous by the subsequent mutiny and massacre that took place among the survivors. A twentieth century replica of the ship is also called the Batavia. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,704 × 2,272 pixels, file size: 705 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... This article is about the trading company. ... Francisco Pelsaert (also known as Pelsart) (c1590-1630) was a Dutch sea captain who skippered the Batavia and became famous for a mutiny which occurred after becoming stranded at Houtman Abrolhos off Western Australia. ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events March 4 - Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter. ... is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1628 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Look up ton in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the trading company. ... For other uses, see Amsterdam (disambiguation). ... For the cookware, see Cast iron cookware. ... For other uses, see Cannon (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Shipwreck (disambiguation). ... The maiden voyage of a ship or aircraft is the first cruise or flight in revenue service, typically following a series of shakedown cruises or test-flights. ... Mutiny is the act of conspiring to disobey an order that a group of similarly-situated individuals (typically members of the military; or the crew of any ship, even if they are civilians) are legally obliged to obey. ... A ship replica is a reconstruction of a no longer existing ship. ...

[edit] Mutiny on the Batavia

On 29 October 1628, the newly built Batavia, commissioned by the Dutch East India Company, sailed from Texel^[2] for the Dutch East Indies to obtain spices. It sailed under Commandeur and opperkoopman (senior merchant) François Pelsaert, with skipper Adriaen Jacobsz. These two had previously encountered each other in Surat, India. Although some animosity had developed between them there, it is not known whether Pelsaert even remembered Jacobsz when he boarded Batavia. Also on board was the onderkoopman (junior merchant) Jeronimus Cornelisz, a bankrupt pharmacist from Haarlem who was fleeing the Netherlands in fear of arrest because of his heretical beliefs. is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1628 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article is about the trading company. ... This article is about the Dutch island Texel. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Spice (disambiguation). ... Francisco Pelsaert (also known as Pelsart) (c1590-1630) was a Dutch sea captain who skippered the Batavia and became famous for a mutiny which occurred after becoming stranded at Houtman Abrolhos off Western Australia. ... The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ... Jeronimus Cornelisz. ... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006)  - Municipality 32. ... Heresy, as a blanket term, describes a practice or belief that is labeled as unorthodox. ...

During the voyage, Jacobsz and Cornelisz conceived a plan to hijack the ship, which would allow them to start a new life somewhere using the supply of trade gold and silver then on board. After leaving South Africa, where they had stopped for supplies, Jacobsz deliberately steered the ship off course away from the rest of the fleet. Jacobsz and Cornelisz had already gathered a group of men around them and arranged an incident from which the mutiny was to ensue. This involved attacking a young female passenger on board in order to provoke Pelsaert into disciplining the crew. They hoped to paint his discipline as unfair and recruit more members out of sympathy. However, Pelsaert made no arrests and the mutineers were forced to wait. Mutiny is the act of conspiring to disobey an order that a group of similarly-situated individuals (typically members of the military; or the crew of any ship, even if they are civilians) are legally obliged to obey. ...

On June 4, 1629 the ship struck a reef near Beacon Island (28°29′25″S 113°47′36″E / -28.49028, 113.79333Coordinates: 28°29′25″S 113°47′36″E / -28.49028, 113.79333), part of the group of islands and reefs termed the Houtman Abrolhos off the Western Australian coast.^[2] Of the 341 on board, 38 were passengers including women and children; most were transferred to nearby islands in the ship's longboat and yawl, but 40 drowned. An initial survey of the islands found no fresh water and limited food (sea lions and birds). Leaving 268 people behind, a group comprising the captain, senior officers, Francisco Pelsaert, a few crewmembers, and some passengers, left the wreck site in a 30 feet (9.1 m) longboat (a replica of which has also been made) in search of drinking water. After an unsuccessful search for water on the mainland, the group headed north to the city of Batavia, now Jakarta. This journey, which ranks as one of the greatest navigation feats of the day, took thirty-three days and all aboard survived. After their arrival in Batavia, Pelsaert was sent back to rescue the other survivors. He arrived at the site two months after leaving Batavia on the vessel Saardam, only to discover that a mutiny had taken place. is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events March 4 - Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter. ... For other uses, see Reef (disambiguation). ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... The Houtman Abrolhos and their surrounding coral reef communities, lie sixty km west of Geraldton, Western Australia (, ) and form a unique marine area. ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 15  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06)  - Product ($m)  $107,910 (4th)  - Product per capita  $53,134/person... A longboat is a large boat powered by multiple oars and carried on a ship (especially sailed merchant ships). ... Yawl sailing vessel. ... For other uses, see Sea Lion (disambiguation). ... A longboat is a large boat powered by multiple oars and carried on a ship (especially sailed merchant ships). ... A ship replica is a reconstruction of a no longer existing ship. ... Tap water Mineral Water Drinking water is water that is intended to be ingested through drinking by humans. ... Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ...

Jeronimus Cornelisz was well aware that if the longboat party ever reached the port of Batavia, Pelsaert would report the impending mutiny and Jakobsz would put the blame on him. Therefore, he made plans to hijack any rescue ship that might return, and seek a safe haven with that. He even made plans to start a new kingdom. For this, he needed to eliminate any possible opponents. Although Cornelisz never committed any murders himself, he used his powers of persuasion to coerce others into doing the dirty work for him. His followers murdered a total of 125 men, women, and children, after moving a group of soldiers led by Wiebbe Hayes (also known as "Weybehays") to nearby West Wallabi Island under false pretences.^{[citation needed]} Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ... Mutiny is the act of conspiring to disobey an order that a group of similarly-situated individuals (typically members of the military; or the crew of any ship, even if they are civilians) are legally obliged to obey. ...

Location of the wreck of the Batavia Image File history File links Locator_Dot. ... Image File history File links Australia_Locator_Blank. ...

Pelsaert arrived just as Cornelisz's men were trying to eliminate the remaining group, and the combined force captured the mutineers after a short battle.

Facing the prospect of extremely overcrowded conditions on the Saardam in the return voyage to Batavia, with the original crew as well as the rescued parties which would include a large number of known criminals, Pelsaert elected to conduct a trial before departure. After a brief trial the worst offenders, were taken to Seal Island and executed. Cornelisz had both hands chopped off before being hanged along with several others.^[3] Two young sailors, considered only minor offenders, were marooned on mainland Australia, never to be heard of again. Reports of unusually light-skinned Aborigines in the area by later British settlers have been suggested as evidence that the two men might have been adopted into a local Aboriginal clan.^{[citation needed]} However, numerous other European shipwreck survivors, such as those from the wreck of the Zuytdorp in the same region in 1712, may also have had such contact with indigenous inhabitants. Hanging is the suspension of a person by a ligature, usually a cord wrapped around the neck, causing death. ... Marooning is the act of leaving someone behind intentionally in an uninhabited area. ... Look up aborigine in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The VOC Zuytdorp (meaning South village) was a trading ship of the Dutch East India Company in the 1700s. ...

The lesser offenders were tried in Batavia, where most were executed after being punished by flogging, keelhauling and being dropped from the yard arm. Cornelisz's second in command was broken on the wheel. Despite being tortured, Jakobsz did not confess to his part in planning the mutiny, and thereby escaped execution due to lack of evidence. What finally happened to him is not known, but it is suspected that he died in prison in Batavia. Pelsaert was held partly responsible for what happened because of lack of authority. Wiebbe Hayes was promoted. Of the original 341 on board Batavia, only 68 made it to the port of Batavia, the final destination. Whipping on a post Flagellation is the act of whipping (Latin flagellum, whip) the human body. ... // Keelhauling, from Dutch language kielhalen (to drag along the keel) was a severe form of corporal punishment meted out to sailors at sea. ... The fore royal yard on the Prince William. ... The breaking wheel (originally, the whele) was a torture and capital punishment device of the Middle Ages and early modern times. ... Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ...

[edit] The wreckage

restored stern section and archway as display at the Fremantle Maritime Museum

In April 1840, Captain Stokes on the HMS Beagle, while examining the Abrolhos Islands during Admiralty surveys on the north-west coast reported that: Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1932 × 2576 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (1932 × 2576 pixel, file size: 2. ... Admiral John Lort Stokes (1812 - June 11, 1885) was an officer in the Royal Navy who travelled on the HMS Beagle for close to 18 years. ... HMS Beagle was a Cherokee class 10-gun brig of the Royal Navy, named after the beagle, a breed of dog. ... Flag of the Lord High Admiral The Admiralty was formerly the authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy. ...

On the south west point of an island the beams of a large vessel were discovered, and as the crew of the Zeewyk, lost in 1728, reported having seen a wreck of a ship on this part, there is little doubt that the remains were those of the Batavia, Commodore Pelsart, lost in 1627. We in consequence named our temporary anchorage Batavia Road, and the whole group Pelsart Group.^[3] The Zeewijk (or Zeewyk) was a Dutch East India Company (VOC) ship that wrecked at the Houtman Abrolhos, off the coast of Western Australia, on 9 June 1727. ... The Pelsaert Group is the southernmost of the three groups of islands that make up the Houtman Abrolhos island chain. ...

It is believed^{[attribution needed]} that Stokes had mistaken the two ships and that he had actually discovered the wreck of the Zeewyk.

In 1970, the Batavia wreck and many artifacts were salvaged, including the stern of the ship. In 1972 the Netherlands transferred all rights to Dutch shipwrecks on the Australian coasts to Australia. Some of the items, including human remains, which were excavated, are now on display in the Western Australian Maritime Museum in Fremantle, Australia. Others are held by the Geraldton Region Museum. These two museums are presently engaged in a dispute over the rights to the remains - including a stone arch, currently in Geraldton which was intended to serve as a stone welcome arch for the city of Batavia. {{dablink|For other meanings, see Stern (disambiguation). ... The Western Australian Museum, Perth. ... “Fremantle” redirects here. ... Location of Geraldton, Western Australia Geraldton ( ) is a city and port in Western Australia located 424 km north of Perth. ... Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. ...

[edit] The replica

Replica of the Batavia

A replica of the Batavia was built at the Bataviawerf (Batavia Wharf) in Lelystad in the Netherlands. The project lasted from 1985 to 7 April 1995, and was conducted as an employment project for young people under master-shipbuilder Willem Vos. The shipyard is currently reconstructing another 17th century ship. In contrast to the merchant ship Batavia, Michiel de Ruyters' flagship, the Zeven Provinciën, is a ship of the line. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,704 × 2,272 pixels, file size: 656 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,704 × 2,272 pixels, file size: 656 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... A ship replica is a reconstruction of a no longer existing ship. ... Lelystad ( â–¶ (help· info)) is a municipality and a city in the centre of the Netherlands, and it is the capital of the province of Flevoland. ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... Michiel Adriaenszoon de Ruyter, Lieutenant-Admiral of the United Provinces by Ferdinand Bol, painted 1667 Michiel Adriaenszoon de Ruyter (24 March 1607 – 29 April 1676) is one of the most famous admirals in Dutch history. ... This article is about the lead ship, store, or product of a group. ... Eight ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy have been named HNLMS De Zeven Provinciën or similar, after the original seven provinces of the Netherlands forming the Union of Utrecht:[1] Zeven Provinciën (1643-1659), ship of the line of the Amsterdam Admirality; Verenigde Provinciën (1665-1667), ship... Ships of the line were 1st, 2nd, or 3rd-rated ships in the rating system of the Royal Navy. ...

The Batavia replica was built with traditional materials, such as oak and hemp and using the tools and methods of the time of the original ship's construction. For the design, good use was made of the remains of the original ship in Fremantle (and of the Vasa in Stockholm) as well as historical sources, such as 17th century building descriptions (actual building plans were not made at the time) and prints and paintings by artists (who at the time generally painted fairly true to nature) of similar ships. Species See List of Quercus species The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of several hundred species of trees and shrubs in the genus Quercus (from Latin oak tree), which are listed in the List of Quercus species, and some related genera, notably... U.S. Marihuana production permit. ... Fremantle is a city located within the Perth metropolitan area on Australias western coast, at the mouth of the Swan River, 19 kilometres south from Perths Central Business District. ... Regalskeppet Vasa (also Wasa) is a Swedish 64-gun ship of the line built for King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden of the House of Vasa, between 1626 and 1628. ... For other uses, see Stockholm (disambiguation). ...

On 25 September 1999, the new Batavia was transported to Australia by barge and moored at the National Maritime Museum in Sydney. In 2000, Batavia was the flagship for the Dutch Olympic Team during the 2000 Olympic Games. During its stay in Australia, the ship was towed to the ocean once, where it sailed on its own. On 12 June 2001, the ship returned to the Bataviawerf in Lelystad, where it remains on display to visitors. is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Self propelled barge carrying bulk crushed stone A barge is a flat-bottomed boat, built mainly for river and canal transport of heavy goods. ... HMAS Onslow and HMAS Vampire at the Australian National Maritime Museum Admiralty Pattern anchors from training ship NSS Vernon (1839) modified for mooring, now Merchant Navy memorial Exhibits in the Tasman Light gallery include a Fresnel lens from a lighthouse on Tasman Island, southern Tasmania, and a Royal Australian Navy... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... The 2000 Summer Olympics or the Millennium Games/Games of the New Millennium, officially known as the Games of the XXVII Olympiad, were the Summer Olympic Games held in 2000 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. ... is the 163rd day of the year (164th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ...

[edit] Publications and other media

The following list is selective - the fascination with the wreck of Batavia has created an industry - with many other books and articles written apart from the items shown below.

• 1647 - Commander Pelsaert died the year after the event, leaving behind his journal of the events. This journal, together with the pamphlet Ongeluckige voyagie van 't schip Batavia (The Unlucky Voyage of the Vessel Batavia), published in 1647, made it possible to rediscover the wreck.

• 1897 - Willem Siebenhaar's 'Abrolhos Tragedy', a translation of Ongeluckige voyagie, was published in the Western Mail. The events also formed the basis of a novel called Marooned on Australia (?1896) by the explorer Ernest Favenc. The events were to feature in the work of Malcolm Uren (Sailorman's ghosts; 1940) and Douglas Stewart's radioplay shipwrecked, in 1947.

• 1963 - Renowned Australian author Henrietta Drake-Brockman's comprehensive, non-fiction account Voyage to Disaster took her ten years to write. She also wrote a fictional story based on the Batavia, The Wicked and the Fair in 1957. It was Drake-Brockman's own research (including calculating the differences between Dutch nautical miles from the early 17th century and English nautical miles) that led divers to the location of the wreck.

• 1966 - Journalist Hugh Edwards published an account of the shipwreck and its rediscovery by Dave Johnson, Max Cramer and Gerard Cramer and Greg Allen, under the name Island of Angry Ghosts: Murder, Mayhem and Mutiny (1966).

• 1970s and 80s - The tale was retold by a number of writers, including Lee Knowles 'Batavia incident' in Cool Summers, Hal Colebatch's 'Batavia suite', Mark O'Connor's poem sequence 'the Batavia' and in Nicholas Hasluck's, The Bellarmine Jug.

• 1990 - Deborah Lisson's book The Devil's Own, which is aimed at young adults, is also based on the events of Batavia mutiny and massacre. This book won the Western Australian Premier's Award in 1991.

• 1991 - A sub-plot in Gary Crew's novel Strange Objects included two men who sailed Batavia, Wouter Loos, and Jan Pelgrom.

• 1993 - Philippe Godard's book The First and Last Voyage of the Batavia provides a wealth of illustrations, along with details of Batavia's construction, objectives and, of course, the traumatic events in the islands off the West Australian coast. At the end of the book is an English translation of Pelsaert's pamphlet regarding the events on Batavia. The construction of Batavia's second incarnation is also covered with a number of detailed photographs of the new ship.

• 1995 - Prospero Productions made a 52 minute documentary entitled "Batavia Wreck, mutiny and murder." Filmed on location.

• 2000 - Arabella Edge's novel The Company is also based on the events of 1629, as is Kathryn Heyman's novel The Accomplice (2003). Whereas Edge tells the story from the perspective of Cornelisz, the chief mutineer, Heyman's The Accomplice is based on the predicament of Judith Bastiaansz, the Predikant's daughter.

• 2000 - The story was also told in a one-hour radio drama, Southland, written by D.J.Britton and broadcast in September 2000 on BBC Radio 4.

• 2001 - The story was retold in the form of an acclaimed opera, simply titled Batavia, composed by Richard Mills and first performed by Opera Australia.

• 2002 - Architect Frits van Dongen, graphic designer Kees Nieuwenhuijzen, and poet Gerrit Kouwenaar built an apartment complex in Amsterdam named Batavia, with a poem referencing the ship imprinted into a wall of the building.^[4]

• 2002 - Historian Mike Dash's book, Batavia's Graveyard: The True Story of the Mad Heretic Who Led History's Bloodiest Mutiny told the whole story in more detail than ever before, making extensive use of Dutch archival sources to explore the early life of Cornelisz and a number of the Batavia's other passengers and crew.

• 2006 - Writer Simon Leys published The Wreck of the Batavia: A True Story, relating the fate of the Batavia and her crew. The French version of this book Les Naufragés du Batavia (2003) won the Guizot Prize.

Willem Siebenhaar (1863 - 1936) was a social activist and writer in Western Australia from the 1890s until he left Australia in 1924. ... April 7 1927 edition, with the Countryman behind The Western Mail, or Western Mail, was the name of two weekly newspapers published in Perth, Western Australia. ... Ernest Favenc (1845 – 1908) was an explorer of Australia. ... Douglas Stewart (6 May 1913—14 Feb 1985) was a twentieth century Australian poet. ... Hugh Edwards is a Western Australian author and marine photographer who has written numerous books on maritime, local and natural history and diving. ... Hal Gibson Pateshall Colebatch is an author, poet, lecturer, journalist, editor, and lawyer. ... Nicholas Hasluck (born October 17, 1942) is an Australian novelist. ... Gary David Crew was born in Brisbane, Queensland, on the 30th April, 2000. ... Kathryn Heyman (born 1965) is an Australian writer, born in Lismore, New South Wales. ... old Radio 4 logo BBC Radio 4 is a UK domestic radio station which broadcasts a wide variety of spoken-word programmes including news, drama, comedy, science and history. ... For other uses, see Opera (disambiguation). ... Batavia is an opera in three acts and a prologue by Richard Mills to a libretto by Peter Goldsworthy, commissioned by Opera Australia. ... Richard Mills (born in 1949) is an Australian conductor and composer. ... Opera Australia is Australias major opera company, formed by the merger of the Australian Opera and the Victorian State Opera companies in 1996. ... Mike Dash (b. ... Batavias Graveyard: Batavias Graveyard: The True Story of the Mad Heretic Who Led Historys Bloodiest Mutiny, is a 2003 book by Mike Dash about the mutiny by crewmembers of the Dutch ship Batavia, which was shipwrecked on the Western Australian coast in 1629. ... Pierre Ryckmans (born 28 September 1935, in Brussels, Belgium), who also writes as Simon Leys, is a writer, sinologist, essayist and literary critic. ...

[edit] Notes

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 254th day of the year (255th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

[edit] References

• Crew, Gary. Strange objects Port Melbourne, Vic. : Mammoth Australia, 1991. ISBN 1-86330-113-5
• Dash, Mike.Batavia's graveyard London : Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002. ISBN 0-575-07024-2
• Drake-Brockman, Henrietta. Voyage to Disaster (new edition with new introduction) Western Australia : University of Western Australia Press, 1995. ISBN 1-875560-32-7
• Edge, Arabella. The company : the story of a murderer Sydney : Picador, 2000 ISBN 0-330-48978-X
• Edwards, Hugh, Islands of angry ghosts London : Hodder & Stoughton, 1966
• Godard, Philippe. The first and last voyage of the Batavia ( with the contribution of Phillida Stephens.) Perth, W.A : Abrolhos Publishing 1993. ISBN 0-646-10519-1
• Lisson, Deborah.The devil's own Port Melbourne, Vic. : Lothian, 2000.(First ed.: Glebe, N.S.W. : Walter McVitty, 1990) ISBN 0-7344-0128-0
• Leys, Simon The wreck of the Batavia; &, Prosper Melbourne : Black Inc., 2005. ISBN 1-86395-150-4

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Batavia (ship)

• The Batavia Story, a detailed account of the mutiny
• Batavia yard, where the replica was built and is now moored
• Pelsaert, Batavia, 1629 Facsimile of . Ongeluckige voyagie, van't schip Batavia, nae de Oost-Indien [Pelsaert Journal].

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

	17th century shipwrecks in Australia
Tryall | 't Wapen van Hoorn | Vianen | Batavia | Vergulde Draeck | Goede Hoop's boat | Waeckende Boey's jawl | Ridderschap van Holland