NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Batavian Republic

From 1795 to 1806, the Batavian Republic (Bataafse Republiek in Dutch) designated the Netherlands as a republic modeled after the French Republic, to which it was a vassal state. The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of Germany. ... Events Portuguese fortify Fort Elmina on the Gold Coast Tizoc rules the Aztecs Diogo Cão, a Portuguese navigator, becomes the first European to sail up the Congo. ... Events January 16 - Abdication of Emperor Charles V. His son, Philip II becomes King of Spain, while his brother Ferdinand becomes Holy Roman Emperor January 23 - The Shaanxi earthquake, the deadliest earthquake in history, occurs with its epicenter in Shaanxi province, China. ... This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ... Image File history File links Prinsenvlag. ... The Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden/ProvinciÃ«n; also Dutch Republic or United Provinces in short) was a European republic between 1581 and 1795, which is now known as the Netherlands. ... Events January 16 - English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism April 4 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. July 26 - The Northern Netherlands proclaim their independence from Spain in the Oath of Abjuration. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Events January 16 - English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism April 4 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. July 26 - The Northern Netherlands proclaim their independence from Spain in the Oath of Abjuration. ... // Events April 11 - War of the Spanish Succession: Treaty of Utrecht June 23 - French residents of Acadia given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia Canada first Orrery built by George Graham Ongoing events Great Northern War (1700-1721) War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713... Originally the term Netherlands referred to a much larger entity than the current Kingdom of the Netherlands. ... // Events April 11 - War of the Spanish Succession: Treaty of Utrecht June 23 - French residents of Acadia given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia Canada first Orrery built by George Graham Ongoing events Great Northern War (1700-1721) War of the Spanish Succession (1702-1713... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The United States of Belgium or more rarely the United States of the Netherlands, (French Ã‰tats-Unis de Belgique, Dutch Verenigde Nederlandse Staten), was a confederation of the Southern Netherlands, that existed during the year 1790. ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Bishopric of LiÃ¨ge in 1477. ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Originally the term Netherlands referred to a much larger entity than the current Kingdom of the Netherlands. ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1794 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Map of the First French Empire in 1811, with the Empire in dark blue and sattelite states in light blue Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Monarchy Emperor - 1804-1814/1815 Napoleon I Napoleon II Legislature Parliament - Upper house Senate - Lower house Corps lÃ©gislatif History - French Consulate - Established 18... The Kingdom of Holland 1806 - 1810 (Koninkrijk Holland in Dutch, Royaume dHollande in French) was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Map of the kingdom United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815 - 1830) (1839) (Dutch: Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, French: Royaume-Uni des Pays-Bas and German: Vereinigte KÃ¶nigreich der Niederlande) were the unofficial names used to refer to a new unified European state created during the Congress of Vienna in... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Luxembourg. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Belgium_(civil). ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1890 (MDCCCXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar). ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: For other uses, see Republic (disambiguation). ... A puppet state is a state whose government, though notionally of the same culture as the governed people - owes its existence (or other major debt) to being installed, supported or controlled by a more powerful entity, typically a foreign power. ...

The Batavian Republic was proclaimed on January 19, 1795, a day after stadtholder William V of Orange fled to England. The invading French revolutionary army found sufficient allies in Holland. Eight years before, the Orange faction had won the upper hand in a small yet significant civil war only thanks to the military intervention of the King of Prussia, brother-in-law of the stadtholder. Many of the revolutionaries had fled to France and now returned eager to realize their ideals. January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... A stadtholder (Dutch: stadhouder meaning place holder, a Germanic parallel to Latin locum tenens or French lieutenant), means an official who is appointed by the legal ruling Monarch to represent him in a country, and may have a mandate to govern it in his name, in the latter case roughly... William V, stadtholder of The Netherlands (March 8, 1748–April 9, 1806), also known as William V of Orange, was the last Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification - by Athelstan AD 927 Area - Total 130,395 kmÂ² (1st in UK) 50,346 sq mi Population - 2006 est. ... Combatants Great Britain Austria Prussia Spain Russian Empire Sardinia France The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major conflicts, beginning in 1792 and lasting until the Treaty of Amiens in 1802, fought between the French Revolutionary government and several European states. ... Frederick William II (German: ; September 25, 1744 â€“ November 16, 1797) was the fourth king of Prussia, reigning from 1786 until his death. ... The Patriots (in Dutch: Patriotten) were a political faction in the Netherlands in the second half of the eighteenth century. ...

In contrast to events in France, revolutionary changes in the Netherlands occurred comparatively peacefully. The country had been a republic for two centuries and had a limited nobility. The guillotine was not used. The old Republic had been based on feudal institutions. Decision-making had proceeded very slowly and individual provinces had possessed power to block legislation. The Batavian Republic was a more centralised unitary state, not a loose confederation of (at least nominally) independent provinces. Many of its innovations were retained in later times, such as the first official spelling standard of the Dutch language by Siegenbeek (1804). Jews, Lutherans and Roman Catholics were given equal rights. A Bill of Rights was drafted. Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ... The Maiden, an older Scottish design. ... Roland pledges his fealty to Charlemagne; from a manuscript of a chanson de geste. ... A map showing the unitary states. ... A confederation is an association of sovereign states or communities, usually created by treaty but often later adopting a common constitution. ... Dutch ( ) is a West Germanic language spoken by around 22 million people, mainly in the Netherlands and Belgium, but also by smaller groups of speakers in parts of France and several former Dutch colonies. ... 1804 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Equal Rights Party was a Canadian political party that nominated two candidates in the 5 March 1891 federal election. ... This article is about the general concept of a bill of rights. ...

The new Republic took its name from the Batavians, a Germanic tribe who had lived in the area of the Netherlands in Roman times and who were then romantically regarded as the ancestors of the Dutch nation. The Batavii (or Batavi, Batavians) were a Germanic, or possibly Celtic tribe reported by Julius Caesar and Tacitus to have lived around the Rhine delta, in the area which is currently the Netherlands. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Again in contrast to France, the new Republic did not experience a reign of terror or become a dictatorship.

While political instability was marked by three coups d'états, these were not accompanied by the kind of boodshed evident in the French political upsets. The first coup was in 1798, when the unitarian democrats were annoyed by the slow pace of democratic reforms. A few months later, a second coup put an end to the dictatorship of the unitarians. The National Assembly, which had been convened in 1796, was divided by a struggle among the factions. The third coup occurred in 1801, when a French commander, backed by Napoleon, staged a conservative coup reversing the changes made after the 1798 coup. This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... The term Germanic tribes (or Teutonic tribes) applies to the ancient Germanic peoples of Europe. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Human migration denotes any movement of groups of people from one locality to another, rather than of individual wanderers. ... The Frankish Empire was the territory of the Franks, from the 5th to the 10th centuries, from 481 ruled by Clovis I of the Merovingian Dynasty, the first king of all the Franks. ... For other uses, see Franks (disambiguation). ... The extent of the Holy Roman Empire in c. ... In the history of the Low Countries, the Burgundian Netherlands refers to the period when the dukes of Burgundy ruled the area, as well as Luxembourg and northern France from 1384 to 1477. ... The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of Germany. ... This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt (1568[1]â€“1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands against the Spanish (Habsburg) Empire. ... Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ... Rembrandt The Nightwatch (1642) The Dutch Golden Age (1584-1702) was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. ... The term Batavian revolution refers to the political, social and cultural turmoil that marked the end of the Dutch Republic at the end of the 18th century. ... The Kingdom of Holland 1806 - 1810 (Koninkrijk Holland in Dutch, Royaume dHollande in French) was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. ... Map of the First French Empire in 1811, with the Empire in dark blue and sattelite states in light blue Capital Paris Language(s) French Government Monarchy Emperor - 1804-1814/1815 Napoleon I Napoleon II Legislature Parliament - Upper house Senate - Lower house Corps lÃ©gislatif History - French Consulate - Established 18... Map of the kingdom United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815 - 1830) (1839) (Dutch: Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, French: Royaume-Uni des Pays-Bas and German: Vereinigte KÃ¶nigreich der Niederlande) were the unofficial names used to refer to a new unified European state created during the Congress of Vienna in... Preamble to the War During the period between the first and second World Wars the Netherlands, like other countries, suffered from the effects of the Great Depression after the Stock market crash of 1929. ... Blue:Areas below sealevel or vunerable to flooding, either by sea or by rivers. ... The Dutch- speaking people have a long history, the Netherlands as a nation-state dates from 1568. ... The history of the Dutch language as separate from common West Germanic begins in the 6th century AD with the High German consonant shift and growing social and political power of the Franks. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Historically, many Dutch military terms have been influential and adopted by many other languages all over the world. ... The Dutch people have a history and tradition in inventing and discovery, Dutch scientists and engineers have made a remarkable contribute to human progress as a whole. ... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... 1798 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ...

More changes were imposed from outside after Napoleon Bonaparte's rise to power. In 1805 Napoleon installed the shrewd politician Schimmelpenninck as raadspensionaris ("Grand Pensionary", i.e. president of the republic) to strengthen the executive branch. In 1806 Napoleon forced Schimmelpenninck to resign and declared his brother Louis Bonaparte king of the new Kingdom of Holland. Bonaparte as general Napoleon Bonaparte ( 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution and was the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French (Empereur des... 1805 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (Deventer, 31 October 1761 - Amsterdam, 15 February 1825) was a Dutch politician of the Batavian Republic. ... The Grand Pensionary (Dutch: raad(s)pensionaris) was the most important Dutch official during the time of the United Provinces. ... 1806 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Louis I Napoleon Bonaparte, King of Holland, Grand Duke of Berg and Cleves, Count of Saint-Leu (Lodewijk Napoleon in Dutch) (September 2, 1778 â€“ July 25, 1846) was the fifth surviving child and fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino. ... Look up monarch in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Kingdom of Holland 1806 - 1810 (Koninkrijk Holland in Dutch, Royaume dHollande in French) was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. ...

The Batavian government was more popular among the Dutch population than was the prince of Orange. This was apparent during the British-Russian invasion of 1799. Guillaume Brune, commander of the Franco-Dutch troops The Battle of Castricum took place on October 6, 1799, during the War of the Second Coalition against revolutionary France. ...

As a French vassal state, the Batavian Republic was an ally of France in its wars against Great Britain. This led to the loss of most of the Dutch colonial empire and a defeat of the Dutch fleet in the Battle of Camperdown (Camperduin) in 1797. The collapse of Dutch trade caused a series of economic crises. Only in the second half of the 19th century would Dutch wealth be restored to its previous level. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Dutch Empire. ... The Battle of Camperdown, 11 October 1797 by Thomas Whitcombe, painted 1798, showing the British flagship Venerable engaged with the Dutch flagship Vrijheid The naval Battle of Camperdown took place on 11 October 1797 during the French Revolutionary Wars, and was a victory for a British fleet under Admiral Adam... 1797 (MDCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

References

v • d • e

Client states of the Great French War (1792–1815)

French client republics: Alba | Ancona | Batavia | Bergamo | Bologna | Boulon | Brescia | Cisalpinia | Cispadania | Cisrhenia | Connaught | Crema | Danzig | Etruria | Helvetia | Illyria | Italy | Lemania | Liguria | Mainz | Parthenopaea | Pescara | Rauracia | Rhodania | Rome | Subalpinia | Tiberina | Transpadania | Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... According to the notion of client states, just as a client of a corporation remains dependent on the corporation for a continued supply of products, and just as it is in the companys interest to make expendable products which need to be replaced regularly, client states of the two... The Great French War is an anachronistic British term to describe the period of conflict beginning on April 20, 1792 and continuing until November 20, 1815. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... During Napoleons invasions to Italy,many client (puppet) republics were established. ... The republic of Alba was a French client republic proclaimed on 25 April 1796. ... The Republic of Ancona was formed on 19 November 1797 as a French client republic. ... Bergamo (Italian: Provincia di Bergamo) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. ... The Bolognese Republic was procloaimed in 1796 in the coty of Bologna. ... Province of Brescia is a Province in Lombardy, Italy. ... The flag of the Cisalpine Republic was the Transpadane Republic vertical Italian tricolour, with the square shape of the Cispadane Republic The Cisalpine Republic (Italian: Repubblica Cisalpina) was a French client republic in Northern Italy that lasted from 1797 to 1802. ... Flag of the Repubblica Cispadana The Cispadane Republic (Italian: Repubblica Cispadana) was a short-lived republic located in Northern Italy, founded in 1796 with the protection of the French army, led by Napoleon Bonaparte. ... The Cisrhenian Republic was created in 1797 in the left side of the Rhine river, under French influence. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Republic of Crema was a French client republic in Italy. ... Flag of Danzig The Free City of Danzig refers to either of two short-lived city-states which were centered on the present-day Baltic port known as GdaÅ„sk (German: Danzig). ... Merchant flag of the Kingdom of Etruria. ... Official seal of the Helvetic Republic (depicting William Tell). ... The French Empire provinces in Italy and Illyria in 1810. ... The Canton of Vaud is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland located in the southwestern part of the country. ... Ligurian Republic and Northen Italy, 1801 The Ligurian Republic was a short-lived French satellite republic formed by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1796. ... The Republic of Mainz was the first democratic state on German territory. ... The Parthenopaean Republic formed a brief interlude in the history of the Kingdom of Naples, the result of activities of France in the aftermath of Jacobinism to export revolution . Origins of the Republic On the outbreak of the French Revolution King Ferdinand IV of Naples and Queen Maria Carolina did... Pescaras port in the afterglow. ... The Rauracian Republic was a state that included parts of modern France and Switzerland around the Jura mountains. ... The Valais (German: ) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland in the south-western part of the country, in the Pennine Alps around the valley of the Rhone River from its springs to Lake Geneva. ... Flag of the Roman Republic The Roman Republic was proclaimed on March 7, 1798 during the French Revolutionary Wars, when French forces invaded the city of Rome. ... The Subalpine Republic was a short-lived republic established in June, 1802, on the territory of the Principality of Piedmont during the Napoleonic era. ... The Tiberina Republic was proclaimed on 4th February 1798, when republicans took power in the city of Perugia. ... The Transpadane Republic was a French client republic in Northern Italy that lasted from 1796 to 17th July 1797. ...

Other Napoleonic creations: Germany: Confederation of the Rhine | Westphalia | Berg | Frankfurt | Würzburg | Leyen |
Italy: Etruria | Italy | Naples | Netherlands: Holland | Poland: Warsaw For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... The Confederation of the Rhine or Rhine Confederation (Rheinbund in German; in French officially Ã‰tats confÃ©dÃ©rÃ©s du Rhin but in practice ConfÃ©dÃ©ration du Rhin) lasted from 1806 to 1813 and was formed from sixteen German states by Napoleon after he defeated Habsburgs Francis II... The Kingdom of Westphalia is a historical state in present-day Germany that existed from 1807-1813. ... Map of the duchies of JÃ¼lich, Cleves, and Berg circa 1477. ... The Grand Duchy of Frankfurt was a German state of Napoleonic creation. ... The Bishopric of WÃ¼rzburg was an ecclesiastical principality in the Holy Roman Empire, located in Lower Franconia, around the City of WÃ¼rzburg. ... The Principality of Leyen was a Napoleonic German state which existed 1806 - 1814 in Hohengeroldseck, in the west of modern Baden-Württemberg. ... Merchant flag of the Kingdom of Etruria. ... The Kingdom of Naples was born out of the division of the Kingdom of Sicily after the Sicilian Vespers rebellion of 1282. ... The Kingdom of Holland 1806 - 1810 (Koninkrijk Holland in Dutch, Royaume dHollande in French) was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. ... Location Official languages Polish Established church Roman Catholic Capital Warsaw Largest City Warsaw Head of state Duke of Warsaw Area about 155,000 kmÂ² Population about 4. ...