Batroun (البترون)
Administration
Country	Lebanon
Governorate	North Governorate
District	Batroun District

The coastal city of Batroun (Arabic: البترون) located in northern Lebanon is one of the oldest cities of the world. The name Batroun derives from the Greek, Botrys (also spelled Bothrys), which was later Latinized to Botrus. Batroun is home to a Lebanese Red Cross First Aid Center.^[1] This is an alphabetical list of countries of the world, including independent states (both those that are internationally recognised and generally unrecognised), inhabited dependent territories and areas of special sovereignty. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... Lebanon is divided into 6 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah). ... North Governorate North Governorate (Arabic: الشمال; transliterated: ash-Shamal) is one of the governorates of Lebanon. ... The 6 Governorates of Lebanon are divided into 25 Districts (Aqdya, singular - qadaa) -- or 26, counting the Governorate of Beirut which is not subdivided into districts. ... Batroun District (Arabic: ‎) is a district (qadaa) in the North Governorate, Lebanon, south of Tripoli. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Look up city, City in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... ... The coastal city of Batroun (Arabic: البترون) located in northern Lebanon is one of the oldest cities of the world. ... The Anarchist Black Cross was originally called the Anarchist Red Cross. The band Redd Kross was originally called Red Cross. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Tourism

Batroun is a major tourist destination in North Lebanon. The town boasts tens of historic churches, both Catholic and Greek Orthodox. The town is also a major beach resort with a vibrant nightlife. Citrus groves surround Batroun, and the town has been famous, from the early twentieth century, for its fresh lemonade, which is sold by all cafés and restaurants on its main street. North Governorate North Governorate (Arabic: الشمال; transliterated: ash-Shamal) is one of the governorates of Lebanon. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Eastern Orthodox Church...

Demography

The people of Batroun are Lebanese and followers of the Maronite Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches. Batroun is a Roman Catholic (Latin rite) Titular See^[2][3] Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢܝܐܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ... Greek Orthodox Church can refer to any of several hierarchical churches within the larger group of mutually recognizing Eastern Orthodox churches: the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the first among equals of the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... When first appointed auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Honolulu in Hawaii, Joseph Anthony Ferrario became a titular bishop of the titular see of the ancient Egyptian city of Cusae. ...

History

Batroun was mentioned by the ancient geographers Strabo, Pliny, Ptolemy, Stephanus Byzantius, and Hierocles. Theophanes called the city "Bostrys."^[4] The Greek geographer Strabo in a 16th century engraving. ... There are two famous persons named Pliny: Pliny the Elder, a Roman nobleman, scientist and historian who died in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD The great-nephew of the former, Pliny the Younger, a statesman, orator, and writer who lived between 62 AD and 113 AD. This... A medieval artists rendition of Claudius Ptolemaeus Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: ; ca. ... Stephanus of Byzantium, also known as Stephanus Byzantinus (Latin; Greek ), fl. ... Hierocles, proconsul of Bithynia and Alexandria, lived during the reign of Diocletian (AD 284-305). ... Theophanes (died 817 or 818) was a Byzantine monk and chronicler. ...

The Phoenicians founded Batroun on the southern side of the promontory called in Antiquity, Theoprosopon and during the Byzantine Empire, Cape Lithoprosopon. Batroun is said to have been founded by Ithobaal I (Ethbaal), king of Tyre, whose daughter Jezabel (897-866 B.C.) married Ahab.^[5] Phoenicia was an ancient civilization in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal plain of what is now Lebanon and Syria. ... Antiquity means different things: Generally it means ancient history, and may be used of any period before the Middle Ages. ... Theoprosopon is the Greek name of Lithoprosopon, a cape in north Lebanon, also known today by the name of Râs ach-Chaq’a’. The cape is a situated between the ancient cities of Batroun and Tripoli. ... Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... Lithoprosopon, also known today by the name of Râs ach-Chaq’a’ is a cape in north Lebanon, situated between the ancient cities of Batroun and Tripoli. ... Ithobaal I was king of Tyre (887 - 856 BC). ... The Triumphal Arch Tyre (Arabic , Phoenician , Hebrew Tzor, Tiberian Hebrew , Akkadian , Greek Týros) is a city in the South Governorate of Lebanon. ... Ahab or Achav (אַחְאָב Brother of the father, Standard Hebrew Aḥʼav, Tiberian Hebrew ʼAḥăʼāḇ, ʼAḫʼāḇ) was King of the province of Samaria in the greater Kingdom of Israel, and the son and successor of Omri (1 Kings 16:29-34). ...

The city belonged under Roman rule to Phoenicia Prima province, and later after the region was Christianized became a suffragan of the Patriarchate of Antioch. Phoenician sarcophagus found in Cadiz, Spain; now in Archaeological Museum of Cádiz. ... A bishop is an ordained person who holds a specific position of authority in any of a number of Christian churches. ... The Antiochian Orthodox Church is one of the five churches that composed the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church before the Great Schism, and today is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches. ...

In 551, Batroun was destroyed by an earthquake, which also caused mudslides and made the Cape Lithoprosopon crack.^[6] Historians believe that Batroun's large natural harbor was formed during the earthquake.^[7] Lithoprosopon, also known today by the name of Râs ach-Chaq’a’ is a cape in north Lebanon, situated between the ancient cities of Batroun and Tripoli. ... A natural harbor is a landform where a body of water forms a harbor. ...

Three Greek Orthodox bishops are known to have come from Batroun: Porphyrius in 451, Elias about 512 and Stephen in 553 (Lequien, II, 827). According to a Greek Notitia episcopatuum, the Greek Orthodox See has existed in Batroun since the tenth century when the city was then called Petrounion. After the Muslim invasion of the region, the name was arabicized to Batroun. Greek Orthodox Church can refer to any of several hierarchical churches within the larger group of mutually recognizing Eastern Orthodox churches: the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the first among equals of the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ... Michel Le Quien (Boulogne-sur-Mer 8 October 1661–Paris 12 March 1733) was a French historian and theologian. ... The Notitiae Episcopatuum (singular: Notitia Episcopatuum) is the name given to official documents that furnish for Eastern countries the list and hierarchical rank of the metropolitan and suffragan bishoprics of a church. ... Greek Orthodox Church can refer to any of several hierarchical churches within the larger group of mutually recognizing Eastern Orthodox churches: the Orthodox Church of Constantinople, headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, who is also the first among equals of the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ...

One of Batroun's medieval archaeological sites is the Crusader citadel of Mousaylaha which is constructed on an isolated massive rock with steep sides protruding in the middle of a plain surrounded by mountains.^[8] The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... This article is about historical Crusades . ... The Citadel of Mousaylaha is located in Batroun, northern Lebanon. ...

Under Ottoman rule, Batroun was the centre of a caza in the mutessariflik of Lebanon and the seat of a Maronite diocese, suffragan to the Maronite patriarchate. Since 1999 it has been the seat of the Maronite eparchy.^[9] Look up Ottoman, ottoman in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... KAZA (Channel 54) is a Azteca America television station affiliate in the Los Angeles area. ... The subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire were administrative divisions of the state organisation of the Ottoman Empire based on military administration but with civil executive functions as well. ... This is a list of the Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch, who have led the Maronite Catholic Church, one of the Eastern-rite churches united with the Roman Catholic Church. ... Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢܝܐܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of Rome. ... In the Roman Empire, an eparchy was one of the political subdivisions of the Empire. ...

Famous People from Batroun

• Butros Harb, Parliament Member
• John Abi Zaid, American commander of US army in the middle east, From Douma-Batroun
• Leon Michel Hoyek, born in 1944, founder and president of three Health Dispensaries established in 1987 under the name of "Human Development Movement" in Batrun, Lebanon. He played an important role during the Lebanese civil war supplying individuals in need with the proper health and food services, despite the gravity of the situation. He is the current occupant of Patriarch Elias Hoyek's house in Helta, Batrun.

A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ...

References

1. ^ http://www.dm.net.lb/redcross/our_centers.html
2. ^ Bothrys - Catholic Encyclopedia article
3. ^ Botrys (Titular See) - from catholic-hierarchy.org
4. ^ Malalas, Chronogr., XVIII, in P.G., XCVII, 543, cited in Bothrys - Catholic Encyclopedia article
5. ^ (Menander, in Josephus, Ant, VIII, xiii, 2), cited in Bothrys - Catholic Encyclopedia article
6. ^ Malalas, Chronogr., XVIII, in P.G., XCVII, 704 , cited in Bothrys - Catholic Encyclopedia article
7. ^ http://www.earth-prints.org/bitstream/2122/908/1/01Sbeinati.pdf
8. ^ Batroun.com - Batroun Official Website
9. ^ Eparchy of Batrun (Maronite) - from catholic-hierarchy.org

This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913. This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... A fanciful representation of Flavius Josephus, in an engraving in William Whistons translation of his works Josephus (37 – sometime after 100 AD),[1] who became known, in his capacity as a Roman citizen, as Titus Flavius Josephus,[2] was a 1st-century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and... Antiquities of the Jews was a work published by the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus in the year A.D. 93. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

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• http://www.ortmtlb.org.lb/
• http://www.batroun.com/

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