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Encyclopedia > Battle of Balikpapan (1945)
Battle of Balikpapan (1945)
Part of World War II

American manned Alligators during the landing of Australian troops at Balikpapan, Borneo
Date 7 July - 21 July 1945
Location Balikpapan, Netherlands East Indies
Result Allied victory
Combatants
Australia, United States Japan
Borneo campaign (1945)
Tarakan – Oboe Six – North Borneo – Balikpapan
Order of battle
For other uses of this term, see Battle of Balikpapan.

The Battle of Balikpapan was the concluding stage of the Borneo campaign (1945). It occurred on July 7, 1945. The Australian 7th Division, comprised of the 18th, 21st and 25th Infantry Brigades, with support troops, made an amphibious landing, codenamed Operation Oboe Two a few miles north of Balikpapan, on the island of Borneo. The landing had been preceded by heavy bombing & shelling by Australian and US air and naval forces. The Japanese were totally outnumbered and outgunned, but like the other battles of the Pacific War, many of them fought to the death. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Dutch East Indies, or Netherlands East Indies, (Dutch: Nederlands Indië) was the name of the colonies colonised by the Dutch East India Company which came under administration of the Netherlands during the ninteenth century (see Indonesia). ... The Borneo campaign of 1945 was the last major Allied campaign in the South West Pacific Area, during World War II. In a series of amphibious assaults between May 1 and July 21, the Australian I Corps, under General Leslie Morshead, attacked Japanese forces occupying the island. ... The Battle of Tarakan occured May 1945. ... Combatants Australia United States Empire of Japan Commanders George Wootten Operation Oboe Six was the codename for the campaign by Australian forces to retake Brunei and Labuan island, from Japanese forces, between June 10, 1945 and the end of World War II. The operation commenced with amphibious landings by the... The Battle of North Borneo was fought from June 17 to August 15 of 1945 between Australia and Japan. ... A map showing the progress of the Borneo Campaign This is the complete order of battle of Allied and Japanese forces during the Borneo Campaign of 1945. ... The name Battle of Balikpapan may refer to three actions in the Pacific campaign of World War II, centred on an oil refinery and port in the Indonesia): The Naval Battle of Balikpapan, in which American destroyers damaged a Japanese troop convoy in the Makassar Strait near Balikpapan on January... The Borneo campaign of 1945 was the last major Allied campaign in the South West Pacific Area, during World War II. In a series of amphibious assaults between May 1 and July 21, the Australian I Corps, under General Leslie Morshead, attacked Japanese forces occupying the island. ... July 7 is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 177 days remaining. ... The 7th Division of the Australian Army was formed to serve in World War II, as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force. ... Infantry of the Royal Irish Rifles during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means. ... Brigade is a term from military science which refers to a group of several battalions (typically two to four), and directly attached supporting units (normally including at least an artillery battery and additional logistic support). ... Amphibious warfare is the assault of an objective located on land by a force attacking from ships. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Borneo (left) and Sulawesi. ... This article is about explosive devices. ... Combatants Republic of China (from 1937) Chinese Communist Party (from 1937) U.S.A. (from 1941) U.K. (from 1941) British India (1941) Australia (1941) Free France (1941) Philippines (1941) Netherlands (1941) New Zealand (1941) Canada (1941) U.S.S.R. (from 1945) Mongolia (from 1945) Empire of Japan Nanjing...


Major operations had ceased by July 21. The 7th Division's casualties were significantly lighter than they had suffered in previous campaigns. The battle was one of the last to occur in World War II, beginning a few weeks before the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki effectively ended the war. Japan surrendered while the Australians were combing the jungle for stragglers. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Citizens of Hiroshima walk by the A-Bomb Dome, the closest building to have survived the citys atomic bombing. ...


Following the surrender the three Brigades were committed to occupation duties until around February 1946. The 21st Brigade was detached to Makassar in the Celebes Islands to accept surrender of the Japanese forces, release POWs and maintain civil order. Makassar, (Macassar, Mangkasar) is the provincial capital of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. ... Map of Sulawesi pictures by Julianto Halim Sulawesi (or Celebes) is a large Indonesian island. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...

Contents

Forces involved

Members of the 7th Division at Balikpapan

Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ...

Allied Units ("Oboe Two Force")

Land Forces

  • 7th Australian Division
    • Divisional Units
      • 2/7 Cavalry (Commando) Regiment
      • 2/1 Pioneer Battalion
      • 2/1 Machine Gun Battalion
      • B Company 2/1 Guard Regiment (4 platoons)
    • Divisional Artillery
    • Divisional Engineers
      • 2/4 Field Company
      • 2/5 Field Company
      • 2/6 Field Company
      • 2/9 Field Company
      • 2/25 Field Park Company
    • 18 Infantry Brigade
      • 2/9 Battalion
      • 2/10 Battalion
      • 2/12 Battalion
    • 21 Infantry Brigade
      • 2/14 Battalion
      • 2/16 Battalion
      • 2/27 Battalion
    • 25 Infantry Brigade
  • United States Army
      • 727 Amphibious Tractor Battalion (less one company)
          • One company, 672 Amphibious Tractor Battalion
          • One boat company, Boat Battalion, 593 Engineer Boat and Shore Regiment

The 7th Division of the Australian Army was formed to serve in World War II, as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force. ... (Redirected from 25 pounder) The 25 pounder was the major British field gun/howitzer that was introduced into service just before World War II and was the British Armys primary artillery system into the 1950s. ... (Redirected from 25 pounder) The 25 pounder was the major British field gun/howitzer that was introduced into service just before World War II and was the British Armys primary artillery system into the 1950s. ... (Redirected from 25 pounder) The 25 pounder was the major British field gun/howitzer that was introduced into service just before World War II and was the British Armys primary artillery system into the 1950s. ... The 2/25th Australian Infantry Battalion was a World War II Australian Army unit. ... I Corps of the Australian Army was the main frontline corps of the army during World War II. Various Australian and other Allied divisions came under its control at various times. ... 4th Armoured Brigade Matilda II and M3 Grant tanks firing small calibre weapons during a demonstration (AWM 063203). ... The A12 Infantry Tank II Matilda (sometimes referred to as Senior Matilda or Matilda II) was a British tank of World War II. In a somewhat unorthodox move, it shared the same name as the A11 Infantry Tank I. The name Matilda itself comes from a cartoon duck. ... 4th Armoured Brigade Matilda II and M3 Grant tanks firing small calibre weapons during a demonstration (AWM 063203). ... KNIL is an acronym for Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger or the Royal Netherlands Indies Army. ... The United States Army is one of the armed forces of the United States and has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ...

Air Units

Royal Australian Air Force The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) is the air force branch of the Australian Defence Force. ...

United States Army Air Forces The RAAF Roundel is based on that of the British Royal Air Force, with the central circle replaced by a Kangaroo, a symbol of Australia. ... A Wedgetail from No. ... B-25 Mitchell, England, 2001 B_25 Mitchell was a twin_engined, medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation in the United States and used during World War II. By the time production of the plane ended, roughly 10,000 had been built, including PBJ_1 Navy Patrol Bomber and an F-10... B-25 Mitchell bombers from No. ... Two F/A-18 Hornets and ground crew from No. ... The Curtiss P-40 was an American fighter aircraft which first flew in 1938 and played a vital role in the crucial middle stages of World War II. Developed from the pre-war radial-engined P-36 Hawk, the P-40 became known as the Tomahawk, the Kittyhawk, and finally... No. ... The Supermarine Spitfire was an iconic British single-seat fighter used primarily by the RAF and many Allied countries through the Second World War and into the 1950s. ... Categories: ... Royal Canadian Air Force B-24 Liberator The Consolidated B-24 Liberator was produced in greater numbers than any other American combat aircraft, and was used by most of the Allied air forces in World War II. Designed as a heavy bomber, it served with distinction not only in that... Category: ... No. ... No. ... The CAC Boomerang was a World War II fighter aircraft manufactured in Australia between 1942 and 1945. ... No. ... No. ... The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ... The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) was a part of the U.S. Army during World War II. The direct precursor to the U.S. Air Force, the USAAF formally existed between 1941 and 1947. ...

  • 13th Air Force
    • 42 (Medium) Bombardment Group (B-25)
      • 69, 70, 75, 100, 390 Bombardment Squadrons (Palawan Island)
    • 5 (Heavy) Bombardment Group (B-24)
    • 307 (Heavy) Bombardment Group (B-24)
      • 370, 371, 372, 424 Bombardment Squadrons (Morotai Island)
    • 868 Bombardment Squadron (SB-24, LAB: Low Altitude radar Bomb.) flew maritime surveillance patrols
    • 18 Fighter Group (P-38)
    • 347 Fighter Group (P-38)
      • 67, 68, 339 Fighter Squadrons (Palawan Island)
    • 419 Night Fighter Squadron (P-61) (Zamboanga and Palawan)
    • 4 Reconnaissance Group (F-5 and B-25)
      • 17 Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron Det. (Palawan Island)
  • 5th Air Force
    • 22 (Heavy) Bombardment Group (B-24)
    • 38 (Medium) Bombardment Group (B-25)
    • 90 (Heavy) Bombardment Group (B-24)
    • 380 (Heavy) Bombardment Group (B-24)

United States Marine Corps Like the Fifth Air Force, the Thirteenth Air Force has never been stationed in the United States; it is also one of the oldest, continuously active, numbered air forces. ... Palawan is an island province of the Philippines located in the Mimaropa region. ... Samar is an island in the Visayas, which is in the central Philippines. ... Morotai Island (695 sq mi/1,800 km²) is an island located in the Halmahera group of eastern Indonesias Maluku Islands (Moluccas). ... The Lockheed P-38 Lightning was one of the most important American fighters of the Second World War. ... Zamboanga Peninsula is both a peninsula and an administrative region on that peninsula in the Philippines. ... The Northrop P-61 Black Widow was an all-metal, twin-engine, twin-boom, monoplane night fighter and night intruder aircraft flown by the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. It was the first American aircraft designed specifically as a radar-equipped night fighter. ... The Lockheed P-38 Lightning was a World War II American fighter aircraft. ... The Fifth Air Force (5AF), with headquarters currently located at Yokota Air Base,Japan, is one of very few numbered air forces of the United States Air Force never to have been based in the United States itself. ... The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is a branch of the U.S. military responsible for providing power projection from the sea,[1] utilizing the mobility of the U.S. Navy to rapidly deliver combined-arms task forces to global crises. ...

  • VMB-611 (PBJ) flying from Zamboanga
  • Marine Air Group 2 (flying from the USN escort carriers)
    • Marine Escort Carrier Group 1 (MCVEG-1) on carrier Block Island
    • Marine Escort Carrier Group 2 (MCVEG-2) on carrier Gilbert Islands
      • VMF-512 (FG-1D)
      • VMTB-143 (TBM-3)

United States Navy B-25 Mitchell, England, 2001 B_25 Mitchell was a twin_engined, medium bomber manufactured by North American Aviation in the United States and used during World War II. By the time production of the plane ended, roughly 10,000 had been built, including PBJ_1 Navy Patrol Bomber and an F-10... The Chance Vought F4U Corsair was an American fighter aircraft that saw service in World War II and the Korean War (and in isolated local conflicts). ... Grumman TBF Avengers in 1942 The Grumman TBF Avenger (designated TBM for aircraft manufactured by General Motors) was an American torpedo bomber, developed initially for the United States Navy and Marine Corps and used by a large number of air forces around the world. ... The United States Navy, also known as the USN or the U.S. Navy, is a branch of the United States armed forces responsible for conducting naval operations. ...

  • Fleet Air Wing 17 (Palawan Island)
    • Patrol Bombing Squadron 128 (VPB-128) (PV-1)
    • Patrol Bombing Squadron 106 (VPB-106) (PB4Y-2)
    • Patrol Bombing Squadron 111 (VPB-111) (PB4Y-2)
  • Navy Escort Carrier Group 40 (CVEG-40) on carrier Suwannee
    • Fighting Squadron 40 (VF-40) (F6F-5)
    • Torpedo Squadron 40 (VT-40) (TBM-3)

Lockheed PV-1 Ventura The Lockheed Ventura was a bomber and patrol aircraft of World War II, used by American and British forces in several guises. ... The Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer was a United States Navy patrol bomber derived from the Consolidated B-24 Liberator. ... Grumman F6F-3 Hellcat in tri-color camouflage The Grumman F6F Hellcat started development as an improved F4F Wildcat, but turned into a completely new design sharing a family resemblance to the Wildcat but with no shared parts. ...

Naval Forces

  • Attack Group 78.2
    • Transports: 1 AGC USS Wasatch, 1 CGC, 3 LSI (HMAS Manoora, HMAS Westralia, HMAS Kanimbla), 1 AKA (USS Titania), 1 LSD (USS Carter Hall), 5 APD, 1 LCF(F), 22 LSM, 35 LST, 16 LCI(L), 2 PC, 3 SC
    • Close Support: 10 LCS(L), 8 LCI(R), 6 LCI(R), 3 LCI(M)
    • Screen: 10 Destroyers (USS Robinson, Saufley, Waller, Philip, Bailey, Frazier, Flusser, Drayton, Conyngham, Smith), 5 Destroyer Escorts (USS Chaffee, L.E. Thomas, E.A.Howard, J. Rutheford, Key), 1 Frigate (HMAS Gascoyne)
    • Minesweeping Group: 1 APD, 5 AM, 12 YMS, 1 LSM
    • Service, Salvage and miscellaneous units
  • Covering Group 74.2
    • Heavy Cruiser: HMAS Shropshire (from 27 June)
    • Light Cruisers: US Ships Montpelier (from 15th June), Denver (from 15th June), Columbia (from 23rd June), Cleveland (30th june - 1st? july), Phoenix (4th-6th July), Nashville (4th-6th July), HMAS Hobart (from 27 June), HMNLS Tromp (From 19th June)
    • Destroyers: 4 from 15th June, 7 from 27th June.
    • High Speed transport: USS Schmidt (from 23rd June)
  • United States Navy Escort Carrier Group 78.4: (from 1-3 July)
  • 8 USN PT boats arrived with the tender USS Mobjack on 27 June, and this force was expanded to two PT boat squadrons (10 and 27) on 6 July.

USS Wasatch (AGC-9) was a Mount McKinley class amphibious force command ship named after a mountain chain in central Utah. ... The first HMAS Manoora was a motor vessel laid down for the Adelaide Steamship Company by Alex Stephen and Son at Govan in Scotland in July 1934, launched on 25 October 1935 and completed in 1935. ... The first HMAS Westralia was built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Glasgow for the Huddart Parker Ltd company as a twin screw motor vessel, being completed in 1929. ... The first HMAS Kanimbla (1936) was laid down as a motor vessel for McIlwraith McEachern Limited by Harland and Wolff Limited at Belfast in Northern Ireland in July 1933, launched on 15 December 1935 and completed on 26 April 1936. ... USS Titania (AK-55/AKA-13) was an Arcturus class attack cargo ship named after Titania, one of the moons of the planet Uranus. ... USS Carter Hall (LSD-3) was an Ashland-class dock landing ship in the United States Navy. ... The tank landing ship (LST, for Landing Ship, Tank) was created during World War II to support amphibious operations by carrying significant quantities of vehicles, cargo, and landing troops directly onto an unimproved shore. ... This is a list of patrol vessels of the United States Navy. ... This is a list of patrol vessels of the United States Navy. ... The Landing Craft, Support (Large) — later reclassified Landing Ship Support, Large — class of amphibious assault ships were used by the United States Navy in World War II in the Pacific. ... The USS Robinson (DD-562) was a Fletcher-class destroyer used by the U.S. Navy. ... USS Saufley (DD/DDE/EDDE-465), a Fletcher-class destroyer, was a ship of the United States Navy named for Lieutenant Richard Caswell Saufley (1884–1916), a pioneer of naval aviation. ... USS Waller (DD/DDE-466), a Fletcher-class destroyer, was a ship of the United States Navy named for Marine Major General Littleton Waller (1856–1926). ... USS Philip (DD/DDE-498), a Fletcher-class destroyer, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for Rear Admiral John W. Philip (1840–1900). ... The third USS Bailey (DD-492) was a Benson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Theodorus Bailey. ... USS Frazier (DD-607) was a Benson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Daniel Frazier. ... The fourth USS Flusser (DD-368) was a Mahan-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Charles W. Flusser. ... The second USS Drayton (DD-366) was a Mahan-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Percival Drayton. ... The second USS Conyngham (DD-371) was a Mahan-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Gustavus Conyngham. ... The second USS Smith (DD–378) was a Mahan-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Joseph B. Smith. ... Two ships of the Royal Australian Navy have been named for the Gascoyne River, the longest river in Western Australia which rises west of the Carnarvon Range and flows to the Indian Ocean. ... HMAS Shropshire, named for the county of Shropshire, England, was a County class heavy cruiser laid down by William Beardmore and Company, Limited, at Dalmuir, Scotland, 24 February 1926, launched 5 July 1928 by the Countess of Powis, Baroness D’Arcy de Knayth, completed 12 September 1929 and commissioned... USS Montpelier (CL-57), a Cleveland-class light cruiser, was the second ship of the United States Navy named after the city of Montpelier, the capital of Vermont. ... The second USS Denver (CL-58) was launched 4 April 1942 by New York Shipbuilding Corp. ... The sixth USS Columbia (CL-56) was a light cruiser of the United States Navy, launched 17 December 1941 by New York Shipbuilding Corp. ... The second USS Cleveland (CL-55) of the United States Navy was a light cruiser, the lead ship of the Cleveland class and active in both the Mediterranean and Pacific theaters of World War II. On 1 November 1941 Hull No. ... USS Phoenix (CL-46), a Brooklyn-class light cruiser, was the 3rd Phoenix of the United States Navy. ... The second USS Nashville (CL–43) was laid down 24 January 1935 by New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden, New Jersey; launched 2 October 1937; sponsored by Misses Ann and Mildred Stahlman; and commissioned 6 June 1938, Capt. ... The HMAS Hobart was a Leander class light cruiser which served in the Royal Australian Navy during World War II. Description The Hobart was the second of its class to be modified for Australian service, and the first to be named after the city of Hobart in Tasmania. ... HNLMS Tromp was a Tromp-class light cruiser of the Royal Netherlands Navy, named after Admiral Maarten Tromp. ... The USS Suwannee (CVE-27) (originally designated as oiler AO-33, reclassified as an escort aircraft carrier as AVG-27 then later as ACV-27) was laid down on 3 June 1938 at Kearney, New Jersey, by the Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. ... The second USS Block Island (CVE-106) was launched on 10 June 1944 as Sunset Bay by Todd-Pacific Shipyards, Inc. ... USS Gilbert Islands (CVE-107) was launched 20 July 1944 the Todd-Pacific Shipyards, Inc. ... External links History of Helm Navy Photos of Helm (DD-388) USS Helm, Report of Pearl Harbor Attack Categories: Bagley class destroyers | World War II ships ... A Destroyer Escort (DE) is classification for a small, comparatively slower warship designed to be used to escort convoys of merchant marine ships, primarily of the United States Navy in WWII. It is usually employed primarily for anti-submarine warfare, but also some protection against aircraft and smaller attack vessels... PT boats in line astern. ...

Japanese Units

  • 22 Base Force
  • 454 Independent Infantry Battalion

See also

1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... May 25 is the 145th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (146th in leap years). ... The Battle of Tarakan occured May 1945. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... June 15 is the 166th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (167th in leap years), with 199 days remaining. ... Combatants Australia United States Empire of Japan Commanders George Wootten Operation Oboe Six was the codename for the campaign by Australian forces to retake Brunei and Labuan island, from Japanese forces, between June 10, 1945 and the end of World War II. The operation commenced with amphibious landings by the... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... June 22 is the 173rd day of the year (174th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 192 days remaining. ... Combatants Australia United States Empire of Japan Commanders George Wootten Operation Oboe Six was the codename for the campaign by Australian forces to retake Brunei and Labuan island, from Japanese forces, between June 10, 1945 and the end of World War II. The operation commenced with amphibious landings by the... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... June 17 is the 168th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (169th in leap years), with 197 days remaining. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... The Battle of North Borneo was fought from June 17 to August 15 of 1945 between Australia and Japan. ...

References

  • ‘Japanese Monograph Number 26: Borneo Operations. 1941-1945’ in War in Asia and the Pacific. Volume 6. The Southern Area (Part I).
  • Wesley Craven and James Cate (1953), The Army Air Forces in World War Two. Volume V: Matterhorn to Nagasaki. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C.
  • Major General R.N. Hopkins (Retired). Australian Armour. A History of the Royal Australian Armoured Corps 1927-1972. Australian Government Publishing Service. 1978.
  • Samuel Eliot Morison (1989), The Liberation of the Philippines: Luzon, Mindanao, the Visayas 1944-1945. Little, Brown and Company, Boston.
  • Gordon L. Rottman, US Marine Corps Order of Battle. Ground and Air Units in the Pacific War, 1939-1945. Greenwood Press. Westport. 2002.
  • Royal Navy (1959), Naval Staff History Second World War: War with Japan, Volume VI; The Advance to Japan. British Admiralty, London.

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