The Battle of Carthage was fought in 698 between the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa, and the armies of the Umayyad Caliphate. The Romans (Byzantines) had already lost Carthage once to Islam. The mega-basileus (emperor) Leontius sent the navy under the command of Ioannes the Patrician and the strategos Tiberias Apsimar, they entered the harbor and successfully recaptured it and the city in a stunning surprise attack, the citizens of the city rejoiced, the arab forces fled to Kairouan. Preparations for the defense were stymied due to the rivalries of the Roman commanders. Then, writes Gibbon, "the Christians landed; the citizens hailed the ensign of the cross, and the winter was idly wasted in the dream of victory or deliverance." The emir was Hassan Ibn al-Numan. al-Numan was in the midst of pacifying the lands of Tamazgh (as it is called by the indigenous peoples) or Maghreb (arabic for the west) but withdrew from campaining in the field to confront the renewed Roman challenge to the emerging caliphate, he plotted at Kairouan for re-taking of Carthage the following spring. al-Numan was at the head of an alleged 40,000 men. The Romans sent out a call for help from their traditional allies, the native Amazigh, and even to their enemies the Visigoths and the Franks. Inspite of having re-taken the city the Romans were in an awful dissaray due to the bitter inner fighting that characterized medieaval Romania and sapped much of it's strength. The prior exarch Gennadius had been a traitor to the Christian cause, defecting to the muslims and becoming their vassal, he was deposed. The king of the Visigoths, Witiza, sent a reputed force of 500 warriors in order to help defend Carthage, perhaps to help check what was correctly foreseen with alarm as the rising muslim threat so close to Visigothic Hispania, was lopping off large chunks of the Roman empire. Hassan already enraged at having to retake a city that had been his and did not resist the roman take over, offered no terms except to surrender or die. The emperor Leontius, a brutal man who was infamous for his rewards to failure, had also given the instructions of victory or death therefore no quarter could be given. The Romans did sally forth and presented battle to the Arabs directly, but later preferred to continue to incite revolt through the amazigh princes. The roman commander John decided to wait out the siege behind the walls of Carthage and let the Arabs exhaust themselves, since he could continue to be resupplied from the sea. However, Hassan's overwhelming force, the ferociousness of his attacks as his men continously tried to scale the walls with ladders. The Arabs combined their land assault with an attack from the sea, that caused John and Apsimar to fear being trapped within the city. Yet, determination of the defenders resulted in the second and final great destruction of that historic city of Carthage. . The Romans retreated to the islands of Corsica, Sicily and Crete to further resist muslim expansion and await the emperor's wrath. Age of the Caliphs The initial Islamic conquests (632-732) began with the death of Muhammad, were followed by a century of rapid Arab and Islamic expansion, and ended with the Battle of Tours—resulting in a vast Islamic empire and area of influence that stretched from India, across the... Events Tiberius III deposes Leontius and becomes Byzantine Emperor. ... This article is about the ancient city-state of Carthage in North Africa. ... The Courtyard of the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, one of the grandest architectural legacies of the Umayyads. ... The Umayyad Dynasty (Arabic الأمويون / بنو أمية umawiyy; in Turkish, Emevi) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the Quraish. ... Byzantine Empire (Greek: ) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... A battle in early Muslim history. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Arabs Commanders Theodorus Khalid ibn al-Walid, Shurahbil, Yazid, Amr Ibn al As Strength About 10,000 15-18,000 Casualties Unknown Unknown It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Campaignbox Muslim Conquest. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Muslim Arabs Commanders Theodore the Sacellarius Baänes Khalid ibn Walid Strength About 200,000 About 24,000 Casualties Very Heavy,About 50,000 Unknown,Relativly low The Battle of Yarmuk (also spelled Yarmuq or Hieromyax) took place between the Muslim Arabs and the Byzantine Empire in... The Battle of Syllaeum was a naval battle between the Arabs and the Byzantine Empire in 677, in coordination with a series of land battles in Anatolia and Syria. ... Combatants Umayyad Caliphate Byzantine Empire, Bulgarians Commanders Maslama Leo III Strength 160,000-200,000 men, 2,000 ships Unkown Casualties 130,000-170,000 men, 2,000 ships Unknown The Second Arab siege of Constantinople (717-718), was a combined land and sea effort by the Arabs to take... Events Tiberius III deposes Leontius and becomes Byzantine Emperor. ... // Introduction Exarch is from the Latin; Exarchus, Greek; Exarchon; Meaning Leader, from the word exarchein to lead, to begin, to rule. ... The Umayyad Dynasty (Arabic الأمويون / بنو أمية umawiyy; in Turkish, Emevi) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the Quraish. ...

Battle of Carthage Aftermath

John the Patrician would be murdered after a conspiracy at the hands of his co-commander, Tiberius Apsimar. Tiberius Apsimar then instead of logically returning to Africa to fight the muslims, sailed to Constantinople, after a successful rebellion, would rise to the throne and become simply, Tiberius III, who in turn would be deposed by former emperor Justinian II. The conquest of Tamazagh-North Africa by the forces of Islam was now nearly complete. Hassan was triumphant but soon would be humbled by the determined Kahena and her united Amazigh-Roman forces who would drive Hassan and his men from Tamazgh-North Africa all the way to Egypt, now called Masri by the muslims. Hassan would have to wait for five long years before the calipha would give him more troops, to exact his revenge on the Kahina and her Jewish berbers. Islam (Arabic: ; ( (help· info)), submission (to the will of God)) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second-largest religion. ...

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