NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Battle of Castra Vetera

Coordinates: 51°40′N 6°27′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Xanten (IPA: ['ksantən]) is a town in the North Rhine-Westphalia state of Germany, located in the district of Wesel. It is the only German town whose name begins with X. Image File history File links Lage_der_Stadt_Xanten_in_Deutschland. ... This is an alphabetical list of countries of the world, including independent states (both those that are internationally recognised and generally unrecognised), inhabited dependent territories and areas of special sovereignty. ... Germany is a Federal Republic made up of 16 States, known in German as LÃ¤nder (singular Land). ... North Rhine-Westphalia (German: , usually shortened to NRW) is - in terms of population and economic output - the largest and westernmost Federal State of Germany. ... North Rhine-Westphalia (German: , usually shortened to NRW) is - in terms of population and economic output - the largest and westernmost Federal State of Germany. ... A Regierungsbezirk is an government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states (BundeslÃ¤nder). ... DÃ¼sseldorf is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north-west of the country. ... There are 439 German districts (Kreise), administrative units in Germany. ... Wesel is a Kreis (district) in the norther-western part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Basic Definition In geography, the elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or some other fixed point). ... The metre, or meter (U.S.), is a measure of length. ... See Cartesian coordinate system or Coordinates (elementary mathematics) for a more elementary introduction to this topic. ... German Postleitzahl map of the first two digits Postal codes in Germany, known as Postleitzahl (pl. ... see also Telephone numbering plan of Germany for further codes including service numbers, cell phones etc. ... German car number plates (Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered. ... A mayor (from the Latin mÄior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU - Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest conservative political party in Germany. ... A website (or Web site) is a collection of web pages, images, videos and other digital assets and hosted on a particular domain or subdomain on the World Wide Web. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x1328, 145 KB) Description: Klever Tor in Xanten Source: own photography Date: 7. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x1328, 145 KB) Description: Klever Tor in Xanten Source: own photography Date: 7. ... Not to be confused with the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the â€œInternational Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... North Rhine-Westphalia (German: , usually shortened to NRW) is - in terms of population and economic output - the largest and westernmost Federal State of Germany. ... Wesel is a Kreis (district) in the norther-western part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ...

Geography

Xanten is made up of three districts: Hochbruch, Niederbruch and the city centre. More localities, which belong to the city of Xanten, are divided into 6 urban districts: Birten, Lüttingen, Marienbaum, Vynen (with Obermörmter), Wardt (with Mörmter and Willich) and Xanten (with Beek and Ursel). Parts of a protected area called Bislicher Insel belong to the city.

The city is limited by the Rhine and the city of Rees in the north, the city of Wesel to the east, the municipalities of Alpen and Sonsbeck in the south as well as the cities of Uedem and Kalkar to the west. The River Rhine (Dutch: ; French: ; German: ; Italian: ; Romansh: ) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe at 1,320 kilometres (820 miles), with an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second. ... Rees may refer to: Abraham Rees (1743â€“1825), compiler of Reess Cyclopaedia. ... Wesel is a city (population about 61,689 in 2004) in Germany, located at the point where the Lippe River empties into the Rhine. ... Alpen can refer to the cereal Alpen the municipality Alpen in the district Wesel, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Uedem is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, near the border with the Netherlands. ... Kalkar is a town and a municipality in the district of Cleves in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ...

History

Antiquity

First settlements by isolated tribes can be dated around the year 2000 BC. Around 15 BC the Roman camp Castra Vetera was created on the Fürstenberg near today's locality Birten. It was intended to be a base for campaigns into Germania and until its destruction during the uprising of the Batavians in 70 AD it was occupied by 8,000 to 10,000 legionaries, and was the main base of the Classis germanica. http://www. ... (Redirected from 2000 BC) (21st century BC - 20th century BC - 19th century BC - other centuries) (3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC) Events 2064 - 1986 BC -- Twin Dynasty wars in Egypt 2000 BC -- Farmers and herders travel south from Ethiopia and settle in Kenya. ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC - 10s BC - 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s Years: 20 BC 19 BC 18 BC 17 BC 16 BC 15 BC 14 BC 13 BC 12 BC 11 BC 10 BC... Motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent, c. ... Xanten is a town in the North Rhine-Westphalia state of Germany, located in the district of Wesel. ... Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s - 70s - 80s 90s 100s 110s 120s Years: 65 66 67 68 69 - 70 - 71 72 73 74 75 Events The building of the Colosseum starts (approximate date). ... The Roman Navy (Latin: Classis) operated between the First Punic war and the end of the Western Roman Empire. ...

After the destruction of Castra Vetera a second camp became established at the Bislicher Insel, named "Castra Vetera II", which became the base camp of Legio VI Victrix. A nearby created settlement, which was inhabited by 10,000 to 15,000 usually former legionaries, was given the rights of a Colonia in 110 by the Roman emperor Marcus Ulpius Traianus, who also renamed the city into Colonia Ulpia Traiana. The colonia became the second most important commercial post in the province of Germania Inferior, only beaten by Colonia Agrippinensis (today's Cologne). In 122, Vetera II became the camp of Legio XXX Ulpia Victrix, which substituted VI Victrix, moved to Britannia. Legio VI Victrix (Victorious) was a Roman legion founded by Octavian in 41 BC. It was the twin legion of VI Ferrata and perhaps held veterans of that legion, and some soldiers kept to the traditions of the Caesarian legion. ... For other uses, see number 110. ... The Roman province of Germania Inferior, 120 AD Germania Inferior was a Roman province located on the left bank of the Rhine, in todays southern and western Netherlands, the whole of Belgium and Luxembourg, parts of north-eastern France, and western Germany. ... For other uses, see Cologne (disambiguation). ... Events Roman Emperor Hadrian orders that a 72-mile wall be built in northern Britain. ... XXX Ulpia Victrix supported Pannonian army commander, Septimius Severus, in his bid for purple. ... Principal sites in Roman Britain Roman Britain refers to those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between 43 and 410. ...

In 275 the colonia was almost destroyed by Germanic tribes. Thereupon in the area of the colonia a new city was established, named "Tricensimae", which was meant to be smaller but however fortified and more easily to defend. At the beginning of the 5th century the assaults by Germanic tribes however increased rapidly so that the colonia was given up finally. Following the legend of the Nibelungs Siegfried of Xanten was born later on ze Santen an dem Rhîne. The Christian Viktor of Xanten is supposed to have been executed together with 360 further members of the Theban Legion in 363 near the today's town of Birten as they refused sacrificing to the Roman Gods. Since then Viktor of Xanten is considered as martyr and a later protection patron of the cathedral established over his assumed burial place. Events Eutychian elected pope (probable date) September 25 - Marcus Claudius Tacitus appointed emperor by the senate Births Eusebius of Caesarea (approximate date) Saint George, soldier of the Roman Empire and later Christian martyr (or 280, approximate date). ... German Nibelung and the corresponding Old Norse form Niflung (Niflungr) refers in most of the German texts and in all the Old Norse texts to the royal family or lineage of the Burgundians who settled at Worms. ... Sigurd (Old Norse: SigurÃ°r, German: Siegfried) was a legendary hero of Norse mythology, as well as the central character in the VÃ¶lsunga saga. ... The Theban legion figures in hagiography as an entire Roman legion â€” of six thousand six hundred and sixty-six men â€” who had converted to Christianity and were martyred together, in 286 A.D., according to the hagiographies of Saint Maurice, the chief among the Legions saints. ... Events Perisapora is destroyed by Emperor Julian. ...

The Middle Ages

In the 5th century the Franks began to settle in the area of today's Xanten, but they did not found any urban settlements. In the second half of the 8th Century a church was built on the grounds of an old cemetery of the ancient Roman colony and called "Sanctos (super Rhenum)" (also mentioned "ad Sanctum"). The name of "place of saints" was derived from the assumed grave of the martyr Viktor of Xanten and is the source of today's city name of "Xanten". After establishng a convent south to it today's town centre came into existence. In 939 troops under King Otto I. defeated Franconian, Saxon and Lotharingian troops under Heinrich I in the "Battle of Xanten". Following the "Battle of Andernach" the same year and the "Battle of Birten" in 936 the annexation of the Rhineland to the kingdom of Otto I was signed. While Xanten with its rich "Viktor Convent" was still being sieged by Normans in 863, the place in 1122 already appears as part of a trading network at the Lower Rhine. On July 15, 1228 Xanten was given city rights by the Archbishop of Cologne, Heinrich of Molenark. Events Vietnam became a tributary kingdom to China. ... // Andernach (pronounced: [ËˆandÉ™rËŒnax], the syllable -ach as in Gaelic) is a town in the district of Mayen-Koblenz, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany of currently about 30,000 inhabitants which are named der/die Andernacher (male singular and plural forms are identical), and the lady/-ies are die Andernacherin... Events King Taejo of Goryeo (Wanggeon) defeats Hubaekje. ... Events Constantine I succeeds as king of Scotland. ... Events Resolution of Investiture Controversy in the Concordat of Worms Pierre AbÃ©lard writes Sic et Non Births Ben Lancaster, Gradutate, Dynamite dancer. ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... Events The Sixth Crusade is launched by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, after delays due to sickness and an excommunication from Pope Gregory IX. Conrad IV of Germany becomes titular King of Jerusalem, with Frederick II as regent. ...

Xanten had a Jewish community in early medieval times. Two massacres of Jews occurred during the First Crusade (June 1 and 27, 1096). On the latter occasion some Jews committed suicide in order to escape the fury of the Crusaders. This article is about the medieval crusades. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... Events Bernhard becomes Bishop of Brandenburg First documented teaching at the University of Oxford Beginning of the Peoples Crusade, the German Crusade, and the First Crusade Vital I Michele is Doge of Venice Peter I, King of Aragon, conquers Huesca Phayao, now a province of Thailand, is founded as...

Friedrich of Hochstaden lay the foundation stone for the gothic cathedral called St. Viktor, which was finally completed after 281 years of construction in 1263. At the end of the 14th Century Xanten was surrounded by a city wall. Cathedral St. ... Events Detmold, Germany was founded. ...

In 1392 the northern part of the city came into the possession of the dukes of Cleves while the southern part was still possessed by the Archbishop of Cologne. The division of Xanten was a cause of a conflict between Cleves and Cologne, which ended when the whole of Xanten was awarded to the duchy of Cleves in 1444. Events December 16 - Emperor Go-Kameyama of Japan abdicates in favor of rival claimant Go-Komatsu, ending the nanboku-cho period of competing imperial courts James of JÃ¼lich is boiled alive for pretending to be a bishop and ordaining his own priests Korean founder of the Joseon Dynasty General... The Duchy of Cleves (Herzogtum Kleve) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in present Germany (part of North Rhine-Westphalia) and the Netherlands (parts of Limburg, Noord-Brabant and Gelderland). ... Events March 2 - Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg proclaimed commander of the Albanian resistance April 16 - Truce of Tours. ...

After being taken by the dukes of Cleves, in the wake of war and crop failure, the number of inhabitants slumped from 5,000 at the beginning of the 16th Century to approximately 2,500 by the end of the 18th Century. The Rhine had been a basis of Xanten as a trading city until the river bed shifted away from the city, causing its economic situation to deteriorate. The river even flooded and destroyed the locality of Birten several times.

The section Marienbaum, however, became the most ancient place of pilgrimage on the Lower Rhine between 1430 and 1441. In 1460 a monastery of the "Birgitten" was established, with an abbey church called "St. Mariä Himmelfahrt" (English: Assumption of St. Mary) which still serves as a parish church to the present. // Events May 23 - Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve CompiÃ¨gne The Ottoman Empire captures Thessalonica from the Venetians First use of optical methods in the creation of Art A map of Europe in 1430. ... This page is about the year 1441. ... Events The first Portuguese navigators reach the coast of modern Sierra Leone. ...

Protestantism arrived in 1572, but at the beginning of the 20th century just 5 % of the population were of Protestant denomination. By the beginning of the 21st century the Protestant population increased to some 20%. As Xanten fell to the duke of Brandenburg in the 17th century the Protestant church was placed on an equal footing with the Catholic church as comfirmed by the Contract of Xanten on 12 November 1614. Thereupon a church was built at the "Großer Markt", which was expanded by a spire in 1622. January 16 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried for treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England. ... (Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of Germanys sixteen BundeslÃ¤nder (federal states). ... November 12 is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 49 days remaining. ... Events April 5 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe. ... Events January 1 - In the Gregorian calendar, January 1 is declared as the first day of the year, instead of March 25. ...

Modern times

1802 the Viktor-convent was secularized by Napoléon Bonaparte, the libraries of closed monasteries and the convent library were merged. Thereupon deterioration of the economic situation became even stronger. To decrease municipal outgoings a city gate called the "Marstor" was torn down in 1821, the "Scharntor" and parts of the city walls being removed in 1825. The removal of the "Klever Tor" and a mill called "Kriemhildmühle" was prevented by a city's councillor in 1843. At the same time the ruins of the Colonia Ulpia Traiana, which had been used as a quarry since the Roman settlement was given up, aroused the interest of archaeologists. So, between 1819 and 1844 excavation works were being done. In September 1927 the Catholic church municipality celebrated its 1,600th anniversary; in 1937 Pope Pius XI. granted the right for the cathedral of "St. Viktor" to be called a Basilica minor. --69. ... Bonaparte as general Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution and was the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French (Empereur... The coronation banquet for George IV 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Opening of the Stockton and Darlington Railway 1825 (MDCCCXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1843 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1819 common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Jan. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In the latter part of the nineteenth century the attention of the Jewish world was attracted to the small congregation of Xanten by a blood accusation. On June 29, 1891, John Hegemann, the five-year-old son of a local cabinet maker, was found dead in a neighbor's barn, with his throat cut from ear to ear. Anti-Semitic agitation connected the Jewish butcher and former shoḥeṭ Adolf Buschoff with this crime; and the local priest, father Bresser, lent support to this rumor by publishing articles on ritual murder in the paper Bote für Stadt und Land, which he edited. The agitation in the anti-Semitic press, as well as at anti-Semitic meetings, where it was insinuated that the Jews had bribed or intimidated the authorities in order to prevent the discovery of the truth, compelled the government to arrest Buschoff and his family (October 14, 1891). The evidence against the man, who had always borne a good reputation, was so flimsy, however, that he was discharged (December 20). This action aroused the anti-Semites to still stronger agitation, which culminated in a heated debate in the Prussian Diet; in the course of this argument Stoecker, the ex-court chaplain, cleverly repeated the accusation of ritual murder, and hinted at Jewish influence as the cause of the failure to find the murderer (February 7, 1892). Under pressure of this agitation Buschoff was rearrested (February 8), and tried before a jury at Cleves (July 4-14, 1892). During this trial it was found that the accusations were based on mere hearsay, and contained absolutely impossible assertions. The prosecuting attorney himself moved for the dismissal of the charge, and the jury rendered its verdict accordingly. The real murderer was never discovered, and the possibility that the death of the child was due to an accident was not entirely disproved. The agitation had the effect of reducing the Jewish population of the city, and Buschoff himself had to leave. At 1905 Xanten had about thirty Jews in a total population of 3,770. June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 185 days remaining. ... Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... October 14 is the 287th day of the year (288th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... February 8 is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the United States holiday, the Fourth of July, see Independence Day (United States). ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ...

In 1933 local mayor Heinrich Wagner was locked up in a tower called "Meerturm" accused of alleged nepotism with loan business. His successor was Friedrich Karl Schöneborn, while the job of deputy mayor was invested by Heinrich Prang junior. Prang had already created a local group of the NSDAP in 1925. As the local council of the "Deutsche Zentrumspartei" was dissolved, three of formerly eight city council members were group members of the NSDAP. The remaining opposition consisted of communists and liberal politicians with no real political mandate at all. Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Nazi swastika The National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), better known as the NSDAP or the Nazi Party was a political party that was led to power in Germany by Adolf Hitler in 1933. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ...

In the following period it came to encroachments against the Jewish population of Xanten. To emphasize here is the destruction of the local praying room and the devastation of several dwellings of Jewish inhabitants on November 9, 1938. After these events the entire Jewish population fled from Xanten. During Second World War an ammunition factory of the Luftwaffe was established in a small forest close to the city, called "Die Hees". While citizens of Xanten worked there in the beginning of the war women and children, but above all foreigners were forced to the hard labour in the course of the war. With incidents on the area of the factory both in November 1942 and in October 1944 parts of the stored ammunition exploded, which cost several workers' lives. In May 1940 the 256. infantry division became shifted to Xanten to take part at the forthcoming invasion of the Netherlands. November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ...

When allied troops reached Xanten in February 1945 mayor Schöneborn left the city. With him almost the entire city administration fled into more eastern areas. In the same month the bombardment of the city had began, which above all killed civilians and destroyed far parts of Xanten. Also the cathedral was hit by bombs and damaged heavily. On March 8, 1945 Xanten was finally taken by Canadian troops. The Canadian military lost according to their own data 400 soldiers in the fight against the defending Wehrmacht's "Fallschirmjäger". Thereupon the city, 85% of which had been already been destroyed, was occupied by British troops while the population was evacuated to Bedburg-Hau in preparation for the crossing of the Rhine near the city of Wesel. Artillery projectiles fired by German soldiers from the right bank of the Rhine additionally devastated Xanten in this time. As the crossing of the Rhine on March 24, 1945 finally succeeded the Second World War was over for Xanten. 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... March 8 is the 67th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (68th in leap years). ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... Image:Wehrmacht 20 April 1939 Birthday Parade. ... Bedburg-Hau is a village and a municipality in the district of Cleves in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (84th in leap years). ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ...

The reconstruction of the city and the cathedral was accomplished particularly by the archaeologist and monument conservationist Walter Bader and lasted until 1966. Refugees from eastern Prussia settling in Xanten caused the population to rise by almost 40%. In the course of the local re-organization in 1969 the localities Birten, Lüttingen, Marienbaum, Obermörmter, Vynen and Wardt were integrated so that around 16,000 inhabitants lived within the city boundaries. The area of the city increased from 8 km² to 72 km². 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... For the Stargate SG-1 episode, see 1969 (Stargate SG-1). ...

Since Xanten, contrary to many other Roman settlements, didn't develop in the area of the colonia, but next to it, starting from 1975 the "APX" (Archäologischer Park Xanten, English: Archaeological Park Xanten), a partial reconstruction of the Roman Colonia Ulpia Traiana, was established and opened for tourism. Further different historical buildings in the town centre were restored and at the "Xantener Südsee" and "Xantener Nordsee", two lakes connected by a channel close to the localities Wardt and Vynen, the "FZX" (Freizeitzentrum Xanten, English: leisure center Xanten) was established in 1982. On November 28, 1988 Xanten, which was visited by approximately 800,000 tourists in the same year, received the title of a "Staatlich anerkannter Erholungsort" (some kind of a "leisure city") as the first city in the governmental district of Düsseldorf. Between 1990 and 2004 the number of inhabitants rose from 16.930 to 21.305. On the 23rd April 2006, Xanten was twinned with Salisbury in the United Kingdom. 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... November 28 is the 332nd day (333rd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... MCMXC redirects here; for the Enigma album, see MCMXC a. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Salisbury (IPA: , or â€” moving from RP to local dialect) is a cathedral city in Wiltshire, England. ...

The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU - Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest conservative political party in Germany. ... The Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD – Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands) is the second oldest political party of Germany still in existence and also one of the oldest and largest in the world, celebrating its 140th anniversary in 2003. ... Party symbol of BÃ¼ndnis 90/Die GrÃ¼nen BÃ¼ndnis 90/Die GrÃ¼nen (literally: Alliance 90/The Greens), the German Green Party, is a political party in Germany whose regional predecessors were founded in the late 1970s as part of the new social movements. ... The Free Democratic Party (Freie Demokratische Partei - FDP) is a liberal political party in Germany. ...

Bibliography

References

This article incorporates text from the 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, a publication now in the public domain. The Jewish Encyclopedia was an encyclopedia originally published between 1901 and 1906 by Funk and Wagnalls. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

External links

Cities and towns in Wesel (district)

Alpen | Dinslaken | Hamminkeln | Hünxe | Kamp-Lintfort | Moers | Neukirchen-Vluyn | Rheinberg | Schermbeck | Sonsbeck | Voerde | Wesel | Xanten | Wesel is a Kreis (district) in the norther-western part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Alpen is a village in the Kreis (District) Wesel, North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. ... Dinslaken is an industrial city in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Hamminkeln is a town and a municipality in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... HÃ¼nxe is a village and a municipality in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Old and new in Kamp-Lintfort Kamp-Lintfort is a town and municipality in Wesel District in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Moers (in older texts also MÃ¶rs or Meurs) is a city (population about 108,000 in 2003) in western Germany. ... Neukirchen-Vluyn (Vluyn pronounced ) is a town and a municipality in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Rheinberg is a town and a municipality in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Voerde is a town and a municipality in the district of Wesel, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Wesel is a city (population about 61,689 in 2004) in Germany, located at the point where the Lippe River empties into the Rhine. ...

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