Battle of Changde
Pitched battle at Changde
Conflict: Second Sino-Japanese War
Date: November 2, 1943 - December 20, 1943
Place: Changde and vicinity
Outcome: Chinese victory
Combatants
National Revolutionary Army, Republic of China	Imperial Japanese Army, Japan
Commanders
Strength
100,000 troops	100,000 troops
Casualties
50,000 troops	40,000 troops
Second Sino-Japanese War Major engagements in bold Marco Polo Bridge - Shanghai - Pingxingguan - Nanjing - Taiyuan - Tai'erzhuang - Xuzhou - Wuhan - Xiushui River - Nanchang - Lanfeng - Suizao - Changsha 1939 - S. Guangxi - Zaoyi - Hundred Regiments Offensive - S. Henan - Shanggao - S. Shanxi - Changsha 1941 - Changsha 1942 - Zhejiang-Jiangxi - W. Hubei - Changde - C. Henan - Changheng - Guilin-Liuzhou - Hengyang - W. Hunan edit

The Battle of Changde (Traditional Chinese: 常德會戰; Simplified Chinese: 常德会战; pinyin: Chángdé Huìzhàn) was a major engagement in the Second Sino-Japanese War. The IJA invaded the area on November 2, 1943 and occupied the undefended city of Changde. On November 18, 9,000 troops from the 57th Division of the NRA arrived, and retook the city. The IJA then counterattacked, and the 57th held out for 16 days till December 3, when 100 soldiers remaining escaped the Japanese siege and linked up with reinforcements, who retook the city December 9. Reinforcements arrived from both sides and fighting continued until the IJA finally retreated on December 20. This battle has been stylised the "Stalingrad of the East". Jump to: navigation, search Shanghai 1937: One of the earlier images of the war to come out from China, this photo appeared in LIFE magazine The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) was a major invasion of eastern China by Japan preceding and during World War II. It ended with... Jump to: navigation, search November 2 is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 59 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ... Jump to: navigation, search December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ... The National Revolutionary Army (NRA) (Chinese: 國民革命軍; pinyin: guo2 min2 ge2 ming4 jun1) was the national army of the Republic of China. ... Jump to: navigation, search National motto: None Official language Mandarin Chinese Capital and largest city Taipei President Chen Shui-bian Premier Frank Hsieh Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 138th 35,980 km² 2. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Imperial Japanese Army (大日本帝國陸軍 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun) was the official armed force of Japan from 1867 to 1945. ... Jump to: navigation, search Shanghai 1937: One of the earlier images of the war to come out from China, this photo appeared in LIFE magazine The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) was a major invasion of eastern China by Japan preceding and during World War II. It ended with... The Marco Polo Bridge Incident (盧溝橋事變; also known as 七七事變, 七七盧溝橋事變) was a battle between Japans Imperial Army and Chinas National Revolutionary Army, marking the beginning of the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945). ... The Battle of Shanghai (Chinese: 淞滬會戰, lit. ... The Battle of Pingxingguan, commonly called the Great Victory of Pingxingguan (平型关大捷) in Mainland China, was an engagement fought between the 8th Route Army of the Chinese Communist Party and the Imperial Japanese Army on September 25, 1937. ... The Battle of Nanjing began after the fall of Shanghai in October 9, 1937 ,and ended with the fall of the capital city of Nanjing in December, 1937 to Japanese troops, a few days after the Republic of China Government had evacuated the city and relocated to Chongqing. ... The Battle of Taiyuan is a major battle fought between China and Japan near Taiyuan, which lies in the 2nd China Theater. ... The Battle of Taierzhuang (Traditional Chinese: 臺兒莊會戰; Simplified Chinese: 台儿庄会战; pinyin: ) was a battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1938, between armies of Chinese Kuomintang and Japan, and is sometimes considered as a part of Battle of Xuzhou. ... The Battle of Xuzhou was fought between Japanese and Chinese forces in May of 1938 during World War Two. ... Battle of Wuhan was the major conflict in Second Sino-Japanese War. ... -Battle of Xiushui River Date : March, 1939 Place : Nanchang, China Opponent : Chinese Army Artillery Unit:6th Field Heavy Artillery Brigade HQ Commander:Major Gen. ... Jump to: navigation, search For the Chinese Civil War battle in 1927, see Nanchang Uprising. ... Battle of Changsha (September 17, 1939 _ October 6, 1939) was the first attempt by Japan to take the city of China, during the second Sino-Japanese War. ... The Hundred Regiments Offensive (Chinese: 百團大戰) (August 20, 1940 - December 5, 1940) was a major campaign of the Communist Party of Chinas Red Army commanded by Peng Dehuai against the Imperial Japanese Army in Central China. ... The Battle of Changsha (September 6, 1941 _ October 8, 1941) was Japans second attempt in taking the city of China, as part of the second Sino-Japanese War. ... The Battle of Changsha (December 24, 1941 _ January 15, 1942) was the third attempt by Japan to take the city of China during the China following their attack on Pearl Harbor. ... The Battle of Zhejiang-Jiangxi refers to a campaign by the Japanese Imperial Army and allied Chinese forces in the Chinese provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangxi in 1942. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Battle of Henan-Hunan-Guangxi (Traditional Chinese: 豫湘桂會戰; Simplified Chinese: 豫湘桂会战; pinyin: ) also known as Operation Ichigo or Tairiku Datsu Sakusen (Japanese:一号作戦 or 大陸打通作戦) was a series of major battles between the Imperial Japanese Army forces and the Republic of China Army, fought from April to December 1944. ... The Battle of Changsha (1944), also known as the Battle of Hengyang or Battle of Hengyang-Changsha, was an invasion of the Chinese province of Hunan by Japanese troops near the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Battle of West Hunan was the last of the 22 major engagements involving 100,000 troops in the Second Sino-Japanese War. ... Jump to: navigation, search Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Jump to: navigation, search Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Jump to: navigation, search Pinyin (Chinese: 拼音, pÄ«nyÄ«n) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to HànyÇ” PÄ«nyÄ«n (汉语拼音, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to... Jump to: navigation, search Shanghai 1937: One of the earlier images of the war to come out from China, this photo appeared in LIFE magazine The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) was a major invasion of eastern China by Japan preceding and during World War II. It ended with... Jump to: navigation, search November 2 is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 59 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ... Jump to: navigation, search November 18 is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years), with 43 remaining. ... NRA is an abbreviation for: United States National Rifle Association National (Industrial) Recovery Act National Recovery Administration National Recreation Area Republic of China National Revolutionary Army Uganda National Resistance Army Ireland National Roads Authority This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share... The Imperial Japanese Army (大日本帝国陸軍 Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun) was in existence from the Meiji Reformation to the end of World War II (1867 to 1945). ... December 3 is the 337th (in leap years the 338th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search December 9 is the 343rd day (344th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

During the battle Japan extensively utilised biological and chemical weapons, among other things, spreading bubonic plague around a 36-km radius in the city. Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of any organism (bacteria, virus or other disease_causing organism) or toxin found in nature, as a weapon of war. ... Early detection of chemical agents Sociopolitical climate of chemical warfare While the study of chemicals and their military uses was widespread in China, the use of toxic materials has historically been viewed with mixed emotions and some disdain in the West (especially when the enemy were doing it). ... Jump to: navigation, search Bubonic plague is an infectious disease that is believed to have caused several epidemics or pandemics throughout history. ...

Reporter and communist Israel Epstein was at the battle. CCP Chairman Mao Zedong with Israel Epstein (first left), Anna Louise Strong (third left), Frank Coe (second right), and Solomon Adler (first right). ...

Gallery

NRA soldiers.

Japanese prisoners at Changde.