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Battle of Culloden
Part of the Jacobite Rising of 1745–46
Battle of Culloden, by David Morier
Date 16 April 1746 Location Culloden, Scotland Result Decisive Hanoverian Victory
Belligerents
Great Britain	Jacobites
Commanders
William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland	Charles Edward Stuart, the Young Pretender
Strength
8,000	ca. 7,000
Casualties and losses
50 killed 254 wounded [1]	1,250 killed 1,000 wounded 558 captured

The Battle of Culloden (Scottish Gaelic: Blàr Chùil Lodair) (16 April 1746) was the final clash between the French-supported Jacobites and the Hanoverian British Government in the 1745 Jacobite Rising. It was the last land battle to be fought on mainland Britain. Culloden brought the Jacobite cause—to restore the House of Stuart to the throne of the Kingdom of Great Britain—to a decisive defeat. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ... Battle of Culloden, by David Morier. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events Catharine de Ricci (born 1522) canonized. ... Culloden (from Gaelic Cul loden, back of the pond) is the name of a village five miles east of Inverness, Scotland and the surrounding area. ... Image File history File links Union_flag_1606_(Kings_Colors). ... Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, wearing the Jacobite blue bonnet Jacobitism was (and, to a very limited extent, remains) the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland. ... Image File history File links Union_flag_1606_(Kings_Colors). ... Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland (April 15, 1721–October 31, 1765), a younger son of King George II of Great Britain and Queen Caroline, was a noted military leader. ... Charles Edward Stuart (31 December 1720 – 31 January 1788), known in Scots Gaelic as Teàrlach Eideard Stiùbhairt, was the exiled claimant to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and is now commonly known as Bonnie Prince Charlie. ... The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ... Combatants British Army Jacobites Commanders Captain Scott Jacobite Clan Chiefs Strength 2 Battalions of infantry. ... Combatants British Army Jacobites Commanders John Cope Charles Edward Stuart Strength ca. ... Combatants British Garrison Jacobites Commanders Colonel Durand Charles Edward Stuart The siege and capture of Carlisle was an important event of the 1745 to 1746 Jacobite Uprising. ... Combatants British Dragoons of the Duke of Cumberland Jacobites Commanders Duke of Cumberland Charles Edward Stuart Lord George Murray Casualties Total of 100 dead and wounded. ... When Charles Edward Stuart retreated north back into Scotland he left an English Jacobite regiment called the Manchester Regiment to guard Carlisle against Government troops so that he at least held one town in England. ... Combatants British Army Jacobite Forces Commanders MacLeod of MacLeod Lord Lewis Gordon Strength 500 men 1100 men and 5 Cannon Casualties unknown dead and wounded. ... During the Second Jacobite Rising, the Battle of Falkirk was the last noteworthy Jacobite success. ... Combatants Scottish clans loyal to the Government: Clan Campbell Clan Scott Jacobite clans: Clan Cameron Clan MacDonald of Keppoch Clan Stewart of Appin French Artillery men Commanders Captain Scott Major-General Cameron Strength 1500 Jacobites 200 French Artillery men The siege of Fort William, Scotland took place between 20th March... // Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events Catharine de Ricci (born 1522) canonized. ... Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, wearing the Jacobite blue bonnet Jacobitism was (and, to a very limited extent, remains) the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland. ... The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) is a German royal dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, the Kingdom of Hanover and the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... // Events May 11 - War of Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy - At Fontenoy, French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch June 4 – Frederick the Great destroys Austrian army at Hohenfriedberg August 19 - Beginning of the 45 Jacobite Rising at Glenfinnan September 12 - Francis I is elected... The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ... For an explanation of terms such as Great Britain, British, United Kingdom, England, Scotland and Wales, see British Isles (terminology). ... The Coat of Arms of King James I, the first British monarch of the House of Stuart The House of Stuart or Stewart was a royal house of the Kingdom of Scotland, later also of the Kingdom of England, and finally of the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... For an explanation of terms such as Scotland, Wales, England, (Great) Britain and United Kingdom, see British Isles (terminology). ...

The Jacobites—the majority of them Highland Scots, although containing significant numbers of Lowland forces—supported the claim of James Francis Edward Stuart (aka "The Old Pretender") to the throne; the government army, under the Duke of Cumberland, younger son of the Hanoverian sovereign, King George II, supported his father's cause. It too included significant numbers of Highland Scots, as well as Scottish Lowlanders and some English troops. Lowland-Highland divide Highland Sign with welcome in English and Gaelic The Scottish Highlands (A Ghàidhealtachd in Gaelic) include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... Lowland-Highland divide The Scottish Lowlands (a Ghalldachd, meaning roughly the non-Gaelic region, in Gaelic), although not officially a geographical area of the country, in normal usage is generally meant to include those parts of Scotland not referred to as the Highlands (or Gàidhealtachd), that is, everywhere due... The Prince James, Prince of Wales (James Francis Edward Stuart; The Old Pretender or The Old Chevalier; 10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) was the son of the deposed James II and VII. As such, he claimed the English, Scottish and Irish thrones (as James III and VIII) from the... The Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, KG, KB, PC (15 April 1721–31 October 1765), a younger son of King George II of Great Britain and Queen Caroline, was a noted military leader. ... The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) is a German royal dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, the Kingdom of Hanover and the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... George II (George Augustus; 10 November 1683 – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Archtreasurer and Prince-Elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 until his death. ...

The aftermath of the battle was brutal and earned the victorious general the name "Butcher" Cumberland. Charles Edward Stuart eventually left Britain and went to Rome, never to attempt to take the throne again. Civil penalties were also severe. New laws attacked the Highlanders' clan system, and Highland dress was outlawed. Charles Edward Stuart (31 December 1720 – 31 January 1788), known in Scots Gaelic as Teàrlach Eideard Stiùbhairt, was the exiled claimant to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and is now commonly known as Bonnie Prince Charlie. ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Clan (disambiguation). ...

Background

For further detail see Jacobite Rising. The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ...

Charles Edward Stuart, known as Bonnie Prince Charlie or the Young Pretender, successfully raised forces, mainly of Scottish Highland clansmen and defeated the Hanoverian Army stationed in Scotland at the Battle of Prestonpans. The city of Edinburgh was occupied, but the castle held out and most of the Scottish population remained hostile to the rebels. The British government recalled forces from the war with France in Flanders to deal with the rebellion. Charles Edward Stuart (31 December 1720 – 31 January 1788), known in Scots Gaelic as Teàrlach Eideard Stiùbhairt, was the exiled claimant to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and is now commonly known as Bonnie Prince Charlie. ... Lowland-Highland divide Highland Sign with welcome in English and Gaelic The Scottish Highlands (A Ghàidhealtachd in Gaelic) include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... Clan map of Scotland Scottish clans (from Old Gaelic clann, children), give a sense of identity and shared descent to people in Scotland and to their relations throughout the world, with a formal structure of Clan Chiefs officially registered with the court of the Lord Lyon, King of Arms which... The adjective Hanoverian is used to describe British monarchs of the House of Hanover things relating to the Duchy of Hanover things relating to Hanover, Germany and it is a horse breed, see Hanoverian (horse) ... This article is about the country. ... Combatants British Army Jacobites Commanders John Cope Charles Edward Stuart Strength ca. ... For other uses, see Edinburgh (disambiguation). ... Combatants Prussia France Spain Bavaria Naples and Sicily Sweden (1741 — 1743) Austria Great Britain Hanover Dutch Republic Saxony Kingdom of Sardinia Russia Commanders Frederick II Leopold I Leopold II Maurice de Saxe François-Marie de Broglie Charles VII Charles Emil Lewenhaupt Ludwig Khevenhüller Charles Alexander George II Charles...

After a lengthy wait, Charles persuaded his generals that English Jacobites would stage an uprising in support of his cause. He was convinced that France would launch an invasion of England as well. His army of around 5000 invaded England on November 8, 1745. They advanced through Carlisle and Manchester, to Derby, and a position where they appeared to threaten London. It is often alleged that King George II made plans to decamp to Hanover, but there is absolutely no evidence for this and the king is on record as stating that he'd lead the troops against the rebels himself if they approached London. The Jacobites met only token resistance. There was, however, little support from English Jacobites, and the French invasion fleet was still being assembled. The armies of General George Wade and of William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, were approaching. In addition to the militia, London was defended by nearly 6,000 Foot, 700 Horse and 33 artillery pieces and the Jacobites had (fictitious) reports of a third army closing on them. The Jacobite general Lord George Murray and the Council of War insisted on returning to join their growing force in Scotland. On 6 December 1745, they withdrew, with the Pretender petulantly leaving the command to Murray. is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events May 11 - War of Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy - At Fontenoy, French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch June 4 – Frederick the Great destroys Austrian army at Hohenfriedberg August 19 - Beginning of the 45 Jacobite Rising at Glenfinnan September 12 - Francis I is elected... This article is about the English city. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... This article is about the city of Derby in England. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... George II King of Great Britain and Ireland George II (George Augustus) (10 November 1683–25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and Archtreasurer and Prince-Elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 until his death. ... , Hanover(i) (German: , IPA: ), on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... The Rt. ... Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland (April 15, 1721–October 31, 1765), a younger son of King George II of Great Britain and Queen Caroline, was a noted military leader. ... Lord George Murray Lord George Murray (4 October 1694-11 October 1760) was a Scottish Jacobite general, most noted for his 1745 campaign under Bonnie Prince Charlie into England. ... is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events May 11 - War of Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy - At Fontenoy, French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch June 4 – Frederick the Great destroys Austrian army at Hohenfriedberg August 19 - Beginning of the 45 Jacobite Rising at Glenfinnan September 12 - Francis I is elected...

On the long march back to Scotland the Highland Army wore out its boots and demanded all the boots and shoes of the townspeople of Dumfries as well as money and hospitality. The Jacobites reached Glasgow on 25 December. There they reprovisioned, having threatened to sack the city, and were joined by a few thousand new men. They then defeated the forces of General Henry Hawley at the Battle of Falkirk. The Duke of Cumberland arrived in Edinburgh on 30 January, to take over command of the government army from General Hawley. He then marched north along the coast, with the army being supplied by sea. Six weeks were spent at Aberdeen training. This article is on the Scottish town. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Henry Hawley (c. ... During the Second Jacobite Rising, the Battle of Falkirk was the last noteworthy Jacobite success. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Aberdeen (disambiguation). ...

The King's forces continued to pressure Charles. He retired north, losing men and failing to take Stirling Castle or Fort William. But he invested Fort Augustus and Fort George in Invernessshire in early April. Charles now took command again, and insisted on fighting a defensive action. Broad Street at the heart of Stirlings Old Town area (called Top of the Town by locals) Stirling Castle (Southwest aspect) The main courtyard inside Stirling Castle. ... For other uses, see Castle (disambiguation). ... // Fort William (Scots Gaelic: An Gearasdan, The Garrison) is the largest town in the west highlands of Scotland. ... Fort Augustus is a settlement in the Scottish Highlands, at the south west end of Loch Ness. ... There is also a later Fort George in Canada. ... This article is about the city of Inverness in Scotland. ...

Hugh (Rose of Kilravock), 16th Baron, entertained the Pretender and the Duke of Cumberland respectively on 14th and 15th April 1746, before the battle of Culloden. On the occasion the Pretender's manners and deportment were described by his host as most engaging. Having walked out with Mr. Rose, before sitting down, he observed several persons engaged in planting trees. He remarked, "How happy, Sir, you must feel, to be thus peaceably employed in adorning your mansion, whilst all the country round is in such commotion." Kilravock was a firm supporter of the house of Hanover, but his adherence was not solicited, nor were his preferences alluded to. The next day, the Duke of Cumberland called at the castle gate, and when Kilravock went to receive him, he bluffly observed, "So you had my cousin Charles here yesterday." Kilravock replied, "What am I to do, I am Scottish", to which Cumberland replied, "you did perfectly right."

Armies

Jacobite Army

• Nearly three quarters of the Jacobite army was composed of Scottish Highland clansmen, the majority of them being Roman Catholic, but more than a third being Scottish Episcopalians.
• Around a quarter of the force were Episcopalians from the north-east Scottish Lowlands, north of the River Tay, so that more than half the total was Episcopalian, but the lowland contribution was obscured by their tendency to wear Highland dress as a kind of Jacobite uniform.
• Only 20–25% of the Highlanders were armed with swords, some having spears or axes and the remainder makeshift or captured weapons.
• During the invasion of England about 250 English Episcopalians from Manchester formed a regiment, but were left behind as a rearguard at Carlisle.
• Many of the Jacobites left for home after the Battle of Falkirk, and the army was poorly provisioned and short on rations.
• The Jacobite army which fought at the Battle of Culloden included men from: Clan Stuart (Stewart), Clan Gordon, Clan MacNeil of Barra, Clan Donnachaidh, Clan MacDonald of Keppoch, Clan MacDonnell of Glengarry, Clan MacDonald of Clan Ranald, Clan Mackinnon, Clan Cameron, Clan Fraser, Clan MacGregor, Clan MacLean, Clan MacLeod, Clan MacIntyre, Clan Ogilvy, Clan Chisholm, Clan Mackay, Clan MacLaren, Clan MacLea, Clan MacBain, Clan Maclachlan, Clan Macnaghten, and Clan Chattan, composed of Clan Davidson, Clan MacGillivray, Clan Elliot,^{[citation needed]} Clan Macpherson, Clan MacKintosh, Clan MacDuff, and Clan Farquharson.
• At Culloden the Jacobite army was reinforced by 800 men from the Royal Écossais and Irish Brigade Regiments of the French army.

Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, wearing the Jacobite blue bonnet Jacobitism was (and, to a very limited extent, remains) the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England and Scotland. ... Lowland-Highland divide Highland Sign with welcome in English and Gaelic The Scottish Highlands (A Ghàidhealtachd in Gaelic) include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... Clan map of Scotland Scottish clans (from Old Gaelic clann, children), give a sense of identity and shared descent to people in Scotland and to their relations throughout the world, with a formal structure of Clan Chiefs officially registered with the court of the Lord Lyon, King of Arms which... Catholic is an adjective derived from the Greek adjective , meaning general; universal (cf. ... Logo of the Scottish Episcopal Church with the motto: Evangelical truth and Apostolic order. ... Lowland-Highland divide The Scottish Lowlands (a Ghalldachd, meaning roughly the non-Gaelic region, in Gaelic), although not officially a geographical area of the country, in normal usage is generally meant to include those parts of Scotland not referred to as the Highlands (or Gàidhealtachd), that is, everywhere due... The Tay is a river starting in the Highlands and flowing down into the centre of Scotland through Perth and Dundee. ... Swiss longsword, 15th or 16th century Look up Sword in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... For other uses, see Carlisle (disambiguation). ... Clan Stuart crest: Virescit vulnere virtus (Courage grows strong at a wound) Clan Stuart or Clan Stewart is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan Gordon Crest Clan Gordon, also known as the House of Gordon, is a traditional Scottish clan name and it is now a common forename. ... Clan MacNeil of Barra Crest: Buaidhi no Bas (To Conquer or Die) The Clan MacNeil of Barra is one of the oldest Scottish clans: it can trace ancestry back to King Niall of the Nine Hostages in Ireland in 379 AD and King Lóegaire mac Néill in Ireland... Clan Donnachaidh, sometimes known as Clan Robertson, is a Scottish clan. ... Clan MacDonald of Keppoch crest:Per mare per terras (By sea and by land) The Clan MacDonald of Keppoch is a Highland Scottish clan and is a branch of the main Clan Donald or Macdonald. ... Clan MacDonnell of Glengarry Crest: Creag an Fhitich (The Ravens Rock) Clan MacDonell of Glengarry is a Scottish clan and a branch of the Clan Donald or Macdonald, taking its name from Glen Garry where the river Garry runs eastwards through Loch Garry to join the Great Glen about... MacDonald of Clan Ranald crest. ... Clan MacKinnon is one of the most ancient Highland Scottish clans and a branch of the Siol Alpin. ... Clan Cameron is a West Highland Scottish clan, with one main branch Lochiel, and numerous cadet branches such as Erracht, Clunes, Glen Nevis, and Fassifern. ... The Clan Fraser (Gaelic - Clann Frisealach, French Clan Frasier) is a Scottish clan of French origin. ... Clan MacGregor Crest: S rioghal mo dhream (My race is royal) The Clan MacGregor or Gregor is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan MacLean Crest: Virtue Mine Honour. ... Clan MacLeod Crest. ... Clan Macintyre is a Scottish clan that was started in the 12th Century. ... Clan Ogilvy Crest Clan Ogilvy is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan Chisholm Crest: I Am Fierce With The Fierce Clan Chisholm is a Scottish clan. ... Clan MacKay crest: Manu Forti The Clan Mackay is an ancient and once powerful Scottish clan from the countrys far north in the Scottish Highlands, but with roots in the old province of Moray. ... Clan MacLaran crest: Creag an Turic (the boars rock) Clan MacLaren is a Highland Scottish clan. ... The Clan MacLea is a Highland Scottish clan, which was traditionally located in the district of Lorn in Argyll, Scotland. ... Clan MacBain or MacBean is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan MacLachlan crest: Fortis et fidus (Brave and faithful) Clan MacLachlan is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan MacNaghten Crest: I hope in God Clan MacNaghten (sometimes MacNachten) is a Scottish clan who claim descent from the Pictish king, Nechtan. ... Clan Chattan or the Chattan Confederation is a confederation of a number of Scottish clans who joined for mutual defence or blood bonds and is closely linked with Clan MacKintosh. ... Clan Davidson Crest: Sapienter si sincere, (Wisely if sincerely) Clan Davidson is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan MacGillivray is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan Eliott Crest: Fortiter et recte (Boldly and Rightly) Clan Elliot is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... Clan Macpherson is a Scottish clan from Badenoch, on the Spey River, Scotland. ... Clan MacKintosh Crest Clan MacKintosh is a Scottish clan from Inverness with strong Jacobite ties. ... Clan MacDuff Crest: Deus juvat (God assists) The Clan MacDuff (Gaelic, MacDhuibh) is an Armigerous Scottish clan descended from the early 11th century Scottish king, Cináed mac Duib, hence Mac Duib (anglicized: MacDuff). ... Clan Farquharson of Invercauld is a Scottish clan which derives its name from Farquhar Shaw, 4th son of Alexander Ciar Mackintosh of Rothiemurchus, 5th Chief of the Clan Shaw, who settled in the Braes of Mar, the source of the River Dee. ... The Irish Brigade was a brigade in the French army composed of Irish exiles. ...

British Government Army

The British Army under Cumberland, assembled and trained at Aberdeen, was well supplied. It included: The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... For other uses, see Aberdeen (disambiguation). ...

• Three regiments of Scottish horse; Kerr's Dragoons protected the left flank, led by Lord Mark Kerr, chief of Clan Kerr. Possibly also included some German Hanoverians.
• Twelve battalions of foot, two thirds were English and one third was made from Scottish Lowland and Scottish Highland clansmen:
• One battalion and a militia had been largely raised from Clan Campbell Scottish Highlanders.
• James Sinclair, chief of the Highland Clan Sinclair commanded the Royal Scots along with Charles Cathcart.
• Three battalions of Scottish Lowlanders foot soldiers supported the government at Culloden from Clan Cathcart, Clan Colville, Clan Sempill, Clan Kerr and Clan Cunningham (company of artillery). Most of the these clans fought in mixed regiments such as the Royal Scots Regiment of Foot and some were under the name of an English officer such as Barrel's Regiment of Foot.
• Other Highland clans such as the Clan MacKay, Clan Munro, Clan Ross, Clan Sutherland, and Clan Gunn, sided with the government during the uprisings but were assigned other military duties at the time of Culloden and were not present at this battle. The Clan MacKay intercepted and captured gold and supplies to stop them reaching Jacobite leader Bonnie Prince Charlie before the battle commenced and the Clan Ross defended Inverness Castle against the Jacobites. It is often suggested that men from these clans fought for the government at Culloden but there is little if any evidence for this.

The Kerr Crest: Dexter, the sun in his splendour. ... The Kerr Crest: Dexter, the sun in his splendour. ... , Hanover(i) (German: , IPA: ), on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... Lowland-Highland divide Highland Sign with welcome in English and Gaelic The Scottish Highlands (A Ghàidhealtachd in Gaelic) include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... Clan Campbell is historically one of the largest and most powerful Highland Scottish clans. ... Clan Sinclair is a Scottish family of lowland extraction with lands in the north of Scotland and the [[Orkney Islands] which they received from the Kings of Scotland. ... Official name The Royal Scots (The Royal Regiment) Colonel-in-Chief Honorary-General HRH Mary, Princess Royal (1918) HRH Anne, Princess Royal (1983) Nicknames Pontius Pilates Bodyguard Motto Nemo me impune lacessit (Nobody touches me with impunity) Anniversaries Marches Quick March: Dumbartons Drums Slow March: Garb of Old... Lord Cathcart by Joshua Reynolds (1753-5) © Manchester Art Gallery General Charles Schaw Cathcart, 9th Lord Cathcart (21 March 1721–14 August 1776) was a British soldier and diplomat. ... Clan Cathcart Crest: I hope To Speed Clan Cathcart is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... Clan Colville Crest: Oblier Ne Puis (I Cannot Forget) Clan Colville is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... Chiefs Coat of Arms Clan Sempill is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... The Kerr Crest: Dexter, the sun in his splendour. ... Clan Cunningham Crest: Over Fork Over Clan Cunningham is a Scottish clan. ... Clan MacKay crest: Manu Forti The Clan Mackay is an ancient and once powerful Scottish clan from the countrys far north in the Scottish Highlands, but with roots in the old province of Moray. ... Munro Crest: Dread God (Fear God) and a Golden Eagle Clan Munro is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan Ross Crest: Spem Successus Alit (Success Nourishes Hope) Clan Ross is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan Sutherland Crest: Sans Peur (Without Fear) Clan Sutherland is a Highland Scottish clan whose traditional territory is located in the region of Sutherland in northern highlands of Scotland and was one of the most powerful Scottish clans. ... Clan Gunn Crest: Aut pax aut bellum (Either Peace or War) Clan Gunn is a Scottish clan associated with northeastern Scotland, including Caithness and Sutherland as well as the Orkney Islands. ... Inverness Castle Inverness Castle Inverness Castle Today Inverness Castle sits on a cliff overlooking the River Ness, in Inverness, Scotland. ...

The Battle

Battle of Culloden

The Duke of Cumberland and his army of around 8,811 men arrived at Nairn on 14 April. The Jacobite forces of about 5,400 left their base at Inverness, leaving most of their supplies, and assembled 5 miles (8 km) to the east near Drummossie,^[2] around 12 miles (19 km) before Nairn. The Pretender had decided to personally command his forces and took the advice of his adjutant general, Secretary O’Sullivan, who chose to stage a defensive action at Drummossie Moor,^[3] a stretch of open moorland enclosed between the walled Culloden^[4] enclosures to the North and the walls of Culloden Park to the South. Lord George Murray "did not like the ground" and with other senior officers pointed out the unsuitability of the rough moorland terrain which was highly advantageous to the Duke with the marshy and uneven ground making the famed Highland charge somewhat more difficult while remaining open to Cumberland’s powerful artillery. They had argued for a guerrilla campaign, but the Pretender refused to change his mind. Image File history File links Culloden_Battle. ... Image File history File links Culloden_Battle. ... For people named Nairn, see Nairn (surname). ... is the 104th day of the year (105th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the city in Scotland. ... Culloden (from Gaelic Cul loden, back of the pond) is the name of a village five miles east of Inverness, Scotland and the surrounding area. ... Lord George Murray Lord George Murray (4 October 1694-11 October 1760) was a Scottish Jacobite general, most noted for his 1745 campaign under Bonnie Prince Charlie into England. ... This article is about marsh, a type of wetland. ... Moriers painting Culloden depicts the Highland Charge in 1745. ...

On 15 April the Government army celebrated Cumberland's birthday, drinking his health at his expense. At the suggestion of Murray the Jacobites tried that evening to repeat the success of Prestonpans by carrying out a night attack on the government army encampment, but the half-starved Highlanders who had only had one biscuit apiece during the day were still 2 miles (3 km) short of Nairn by dawn and had to march back, then dispersed to search for food or fell asleep in ditches and outbuildings. Many of them lay exhausted in the grounds of Culloden House throughout the battle. is the 105th day of the year (106th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Early on 16 April the Government army marched from Nairn, and Jacobite guns sounded the alarm (though not all heard) to bring their troops to form two lines. The front line of exhausted highland foot soldiers had guns in the centre and on the flanks, the second line included their horse regiments, worn out from the night march, and the Scots and Irish regiments of the French army. The weather was very poor with a gale driving sleety rain into the faces of the Jacobites. The Duke's forces arrived around mid day and initially deployed in three lines. Upon observing the ground and rebel dispositions, the Duke thinned his army to two lines, which he extended to his left, their left flank anchored on a low stone wall running along the south end of the field towards Culloden Park. The Duke posted Wolfe's Regiment forward of his left flank, able to enfilade any attack by the Jacobite right wing. Horse Dragoons and Government militia moved round behind the wall to infiltrate the park around the Jacobite flank. The Pretender's artillery, outnumbered some three to one, opened fire first but due to a lack of trained gunners had little impact. is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Artillery (disambiguation). ...

Culloden Battlefield.

Over the next twenty minutes Cumberland's superior artillery continued to batter the Jacobite lines, while Charles, moved for safety out of sight of his own forces, waited for the government forces to move. Inexplicably, he left his forces arrayed under the Government fire for over half an hour. Although the marshy terrain minimized casualties, the morale of the Jacobites began to suffer. Several clan leaders, angry at the lack of action, pressured Charles to issue the order to charge. When he was eventually persuaded to issue the order, the McDonalds refused, angry because they had been placed on the left flank overturning their traditional right to take the right flank. The Clan Chattan was first away, but an area of boggy ground in front of them forced them to veer right so that they obstructed the following regiments and the attack was pushed towards the wall. The Highlanders advanced on the left flank of the Government troops but were subjected to several volleys of musket fire and the artillery which had switched from roundshot to grapeshot. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2560x1920, 1128 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2560x1920, 1128 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Solid roundshot was the standard projectile of cannons for naval engagements over longer distances untill the invention of fixed rounds. ... Grapeshot was a kind of anti-personnel ammunition used in cannons. ...

Monument at the site of the battle.

Despite this, a large number of Jacobites reached the Government lines, and for the first time a battle was decided by a direct clash between charging highlanders and formed redcoats equipped with muskets and socket bayonets. The highland charge broke and failed, the few rebels who managed to penetrate Cumberland's first line simply being shot down by the battalions in the second line. The fiercest fighting took place between Barrell's Regiment on the Royal left and Clan Cameron. Monument at the site of the battle of Culloden, Scotland 1981 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Monument at the site of the battle of Culloden, Scotland 1981 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

While the attack was still in progress, a small number of the Government forces had breached the park wall and the Campbell militia advanced unseen to fire at the right flank of the Jacobite lines. This added to all the other brutal gunfire, and threatened by cavalry the Jacobites were forced to retreat. The Duke ordered in his dragoons to rout the Jacobite forces, but the small contingent of Irish and other regular regiments covered the retreat as the Jacobites withdrew. Not to be confused with Golgotha, which was called Calvary. ...

In a total of about 60 minutes the Duke was victorious, around 1,250 Jacobites were dead, a similar number were wounded, and 558 prisoners (336 Scots and Irish as well as 222 Frenchmen) were taken. Cumberland had about 52 dead and 259 wounded among his Government forces.

Aftermath

The aftermath of the battle witnessed the last in a series of efforts by post-Restoration governments to tackle dissent in Scotland. A persecution committed by the Stuart regimes of Charles II and James VII and II inflicted upon the Covenanters, known as The Killing Time, helped provoke the Glorious Revolution. In the reign of William III, the Massacre of Glencoe served as a small-scale, demonstrative act of persecution, following which Scotland was at peace internally. Following the rebellion of 1715, the Hanoverian regime had pursued a mild and indulgent, 'softly softly' approach, but further rebellions took place in 1719 and 1745–6.^[5][6][7][8] The Killing Time is the colloquial name given to a period of conflict in Scottish History between 1679 and 1688. ... The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in the British Isles occurring between 1688 and 1746. ...

After the battle, Lord George Murray's general orders of the previous day fell into Hanoverian hands. Cumberland sent an order, "Officers and men will take notice that the Public orders of the rebels yesterday was to give us no quarter." It was later found that this was untrue, and the 'no quarter' section was nothing but a forgery. With this implicit order the Jacobite wounded and most prisoners were killed with bayonets, pistols and clubs. Indiscriminate killing went on for several days, all men bearing arms were hanged on location, and their womanfolk raped. Families fled from their scorched hovels and were left to starve. In total over 20,000 head of livestock, sheep and goats were driven off and sold at Fort Augustus, where the soldiers split the profits.^[9]

Certain higher-ranking prisoners survived to be tried and executed later in Inverness and three "rebel lords" were taken to London. It was for his insistence that these aristocrats were not pardoned, not for his actions in Scotland, that Cumberland was nicknamed "Butcher" by some. To most Scots, other Britons and inhabitants of the British colonies he was "Sweet William", and received, amongst other tokens of thanks, an honorary doctorate from the University of Glasgow and the gift of a house and garden from the Committee of Perth. In legal parlance, a trial is an event in which parties to a dispute present information (in the form of evidence) in a formal setting, usually a court, before a judge, jury, or other designated finder of fact, in order to achieve a resolution to their dispute. ... This article is about the city in Scotland. ...

Glass slide of Culloden.

The Pretender fled the battlefield and survived for five months in Scotland despite a £30,000 reward for his capture. The Pretender eventually returned to France, making a dramatic if humiliating escape disguised as a "lady's maid" to Flora MacDonald. GBP redirects here. ... Flora MacDonald (Gaelic: Fionnghal MacDonald) (1722 – March 4, 1790), Jacobite heroine, was the daughter of Ranald MacDonald of Milton on the island of South Uist in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland, and his wife Marion, the daughter of Angus MacDonald. ...

Immediately after the battle, Cumberland rode into Inverness, his drawn sword still covered in blood, a symbolic and menacing gesture. The following day, the slaughter continued, when patrols were sent back to the battlefield to kill any survivors. Cumberland emptied the jails of English prisoners, and replaced them with Jacobite sympathisers. A number of the prisoners were taken south to England to stand trial for high treason. Trials took place at Berwick upon Tweed, York and London with many Jacobite prisoners being held in hulks on the Thames or in Tilbury Fort where there is a memorial stone. Executions were conducted on the basis of drawing lots on a ratio of about 1 in 20. In total 3,471 Jacobites supporters and others were taken prisoner in the aftermath of Culloden, with 120 of them being executed and 88 dying in prison; 936 transported to the colonies and 121 more "banished". While 1,287 were eventually released or exchanged, the fate of the others is lost to history. As well as dealing out summary justice to his captives Cumberland was equally ruthless, executing 36 deserters from his own forces found amongst the prisoners. This article is about the city in Scotland. ... Berwick-upon-Tweed , situated in the county of Northumberland, is the northernmost town in England, on the east coast at the mouth of the river Tweed, situated 2. ... For other uses, see York (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Several places exist with the name Thames, and the word is also used as part of several brand and company names Most famous is the River Thames in England, on which the city of London stands Other Thames Rivers There is a Thames River in Canada There is a Thames... Tilbury is located on the north bank of the River Thames, in the borough of Thurrock in England, at the point where the river suddenly narrows to about 800 yards/740 metres in width. ...

Mass graves of clansmen at Culloden Battlefield.

By contrast to the ruthless treatment of many captured clansmen, the detachments of Irish soldiers from the French army were permitted to formally surrender and were treated well and eventually returned to France. They were considered as regular soldiers of a foreign ruler and accordingly subject to the normal practices of warfare. The captured Jacobites were regarded as traitors (even if many had had no choice but to follow their clan leaders) and treated accordingly. Download high resolution version (1280x960, 609 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 609 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

The Hanoverian forces' assault on the Jacobite sympathizers continued in the coming months—destroying the clan system with the Act of Proscription disarming them, banning the kilt and the tartan, the Tenures Abolition Act ending the feudal bond of military service and the Heritable Jurisdictions Act removing the virtually sovereign power the chiefs had over their clan. Statute provisions were aimed at proscribing the perceived religion of the Jacobites, Episcopalianism (Catholicism was already banned). Government troops were stationed in the Highlands and built more roads and barracks to better control the region, adding to the Wade roads constructed for Major-General George Wade after the 'Fifteen rising, as well a new fortress at Fort George to the east of Inverness. The proscribed clan dress of kilt and tartan was, at least officially, only permitted in the Highland regiments serving in the British Army. For other uses, see Force (disambiguation). ... Clan map of Scotland Scottish clans (from Old Gaelic clann, children), give a sense of identity and shared descent to people in Scotland and to their relations throughout the world, with a formal structure of Clan Chiefs officially registered with the court of the Lord Lyon, King of Arms which... On August 1, 1746 the Act of Proscription (19 Geo. ... A kilt in the Black Watch tartan A kilt is a traditional garment of modern Scottish and Celtic culture typically worn by men. ... For the artificial athletic track surface, see tartan track. ... The Heritable Jurisdictions (Scotland) Act, 1746 (20 Geo 2 c 43) abolished the traditional rights of jurisdiction afforded to a Scottish clan chief. ... Logo of the Scottish Episcopal Church with the motto: Evangelical truth and Apostolic order. ... For other uses, see Road (disambiguation). ... A barracks housing conscripts of Norrbottens regemente in Boden, Sweden. ... The Rt. ... There is also a later Fort George in Canada. ... This article is about the city in Scotland. ... A kilt in the Black Watch tartan A kilt is a traditional garment of modern Scottish and Celtic culture typically worn by men. ... For the artificial athletic track surface, see tartan track. ...

Order of battle

Jacobite Army

(approximately 5,400 men)

• Army Commander: Charles Edward Stuart, the Young Pretender

• FIRST LINE: 3,810 men
  • Right Wing: 1,150 men (Lord George Murray, brother of the Chief of Clan Murray)
    • Atholl Highlanders Regiment: 500 men (William Murray Lord Nairne)
    • Clan Cameron Regiment: 400 men (Donald Cameron of Lochiel, de facto Chief of Clan Cameron)
    • The Appin Regiment: 250 men (Charles Stewart of Ardshiel, uncle to the Chief of Clan Stewart of Appin)
  • Centre: 1,760 men (Lord John Drummond)
    • Frasers of Lovat Regiment: 400 men (Charles Fraser of Inverallochy and Simon Fraser, Master of Lovat)
    • Chattan Confederation Regiment: 350 men (Alexander MacGillivray of Dunmaglass, Chief of Clan MacGillivray, for Lady Anne Farquharson MacIntosh, "Colonel Anne", wife of the Chief of Clan MacKintosh, Captain of the Clan Chattan Confederation and daughter of John Farquharson of Invercauld)
    • Clan Farquharson Regiment: 250 men (James Farquharson of Balmoral, "Balmoral the Brave")
    • Clan Maclachlan & Clan MacLean Regiment: 290 men (Lachlan Maclachlan of Maclachlan, Chief of Clan Maclachlan and aide de camp to the Prince, with Charles MacLean of Drimnin as second-in-command)
      • Clan MacLeod Unit: 120 men (Malcolm MacLeod of Raasay)—attached to Clans Maclachlan & MacLean Regiment
    • Edinburgh Regiment: 200 men (John Roy Stewart)
    • Clan Chisholm Regiment: 150 men (Roderick Chisholm of Comar, son of the Chief of Clan Chisholm)
  • Left Wing: 900 men (James Drummond, 3rd Duke of Perth, Chief of Clan Drummond)
    • Clan MacDonald of Clan Ranald: 200 men (Ranald MacDonald of Clan Ranald, "Young Clanranald", son of the Chief of Clan MacDonald of Clan Ranald)
    • Clan MacDonald of Keppoch Regiment: 200 men (Alexander MacDonnell of Keppoch, Chief of Clan MacDonnell of Keppoch)
    • Clan MacDonnell of Glengarry Regiment: 420 men (Donald MacDonell of Lochgarry)
      • Clan Grant of Glenmorriston Unit: 80 men (Alexander Grant of Corrimony)—attached to Clan MacDonnell of Glengarry Regiment
• SECOND LINE: 1,190 men (Lt. Col. Walter Stapleton)
  • Clan Ogilvy Angus Regiment (Lord David Ogilvy, son of the Chief of Clan Ogilvy)
  • 1st Clan Gordon Regiment (Lord Lewis Gordon, brother of the Chief of Clan Gordon)
  • 2nd Clan Gordon Regiment (John Gordon of Glenbucket)
  • Duke of Perth's Regiment (Unknown)
  • Régiment Écossais Royaux (Lord Louis Drummond)
  • Irish Piquets Regiment (Maj. Summan)
• THIRD LINE: 400 men
  • Kilmarnock's Regiment (William Boyd, 4th Earl of Kilmarnock, Chief of Clan Boyd)
  • Pitsligo's Regiment (Alexander Baron Forbes of Pitsligo)
  • Régiment Baggot (Unknown)
  • Lord Elcho's Horse (David Wemyss Lord Elcho, son of the Chief of Clan Wemyss)
  • Life Guards (Unknown)
  • FitzJames's Horse (Sir Jean McDonell)
• ARTILLERY (Unknown)
  • • 2 × 2pdr cannon
    • 3 × 4pdr cannon
    • 3 × 6pdr cannon

Note 1: Of the commanding officers listed above: Clan Murray Badge Clan Murray is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan Cameron is a West Highland Scottish clan, with one main branch Lochiel, and numerous cadet branches such as Erracht, Clunes, Glen Nevis, and Fassifern. ... Donald Cameron of Lochiel (c. ... The Frasers of Lovat are a line of Frasers, who are the reigning chiefs of the Clan Fraser. ... The villiage of Inverallochy can be found 2 miles East of Fraserburgh, in North East Scotland. ... General the Hon. ... Clan Chattan or the Chattan Confederation is a confederation of a number of Scottish clans who joined for mutual defence or blood bonds and is closely linked with Clan MacKintosh. ... Clan MacKintosh Crest Clan MacKintosh is a Scottish clan from Inverness with strong Jacobite ties. ... Clan Farquharson of Invercauld is a Scottish clan which derives its name from Farquhar Shaw, 4th son of Alexander Ciar Mackintosh of Rothiemurchus, 5th Chief of the Clan Shaw, who settled in the Braes of Mar, the source of the River Dee. ... Clan MacLachlan crest: Fortis et fidus (Brave and faithful) Clan MacLachlan is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan MacLean Crest: Virtue Mine Honour. ... Clan MacLachlan crest: Fortis et fidus (Brave and faithful) Clan MacLachlan is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan MacLeod Crest. ... Clan Chisholm Crest: I Am Fierce With The Fierce Clan Chisholm is a Scottish clan. ... Clan Drummond Crest: Vitutem coronat honos (Honour crowns vitue) Clan Drummond is a Scottish clan deriving its name from the parish of Drymen, in what was western Stirlingshire. ... MacDonald of Clan Ranald crest. ... Clan MacDonald of Keppoch crest:Per mare per terras (By sea and by land) The Clan MacDonald of Keppoch is a Highland Scottish clan and is a branch of the main Clan Donald or Macdonald. ... Clan MacDonnell of Glengarry Crest: Creag an Fhitich (The Ravens Rock) Clan MacDonell of Glengarry is a Scottish clan and a branch of the Clan Donald or Macdonald, taking its name from Glen Garry where the river Garry runs eastwards through Loch Garry to join the Great Glen about... Grant Crest Castle Grant, from rear Castle Grant, Barbies Tower Castle Grant, from front Clan Grant is a Highland Scottish clan which inhabited land in Northern Scotland since 1316, although the clan is known to have existed farther back than that. ... Clan Ogilvy Crest Clan Ogilvy is a Highland Scottish clan. ... Clan Gordon Crest Clan Gordon, also known as the House of Gordon, is a traditional Scottish clan name and it is now a common forename. ... Clan Gordon Crest Clan Gordon, also known as the House of Gordon, is a traditional Scottish clan name and it is now a common forename. ... Clan Boyd is a Scottish clan from Kilmarnock in Ayrshire,Scotland. ... Clan Wemyss crest: Je pense (I think) Clan Wemyss is a Lowland Scottish clan. ...

• Donald Cameron of Lochiel, de facto Chief of Clan Cameron, was wounded and had to be carried from the field;
• Charles Fraser of Inverallachie was mortally wounded;
• Alexander MacGillivray of Dunmaglass, Chief of Clan MacGillivray, was killed, with all but three officers of the Clan Chattan Regiment;
• Lachlan Maclachlan of Maclachlan, Chief of Clan Maclachlan, was killed, probably by a cannon shot;
• Charles MacLean of Drimnin was killed, with two of his sons;
• James Drummond, 3rd Duke of Perth and Chief of Clan Drummond, was severely wounded—he was carried from the field, but died on his way to France;
• Alexander MacDonell of Keppoch, Chief of Clan MacDonell of Keppoch, was killed.

Other persons of note on the Jacobite side to be killed at Culloden were: Clan MacLachlan crest: Fortis et fidus (Brave and faithful) Clan MacLachlan is a Highland Scottish clan. ...

• William Drummond of Machany, 4th Viscount of Strathallan;
• Robert Mercer of Aldie, an officer in the Atholl Highlanders Regiment;
• Gillies Mhor MacBean of Dalmagerry, who led the MacBeans of the Clan Chattan Regiment.

Note 2: More clans fought (and died) at Culloden than is apparent from this order of battle.

The Atholl Highlanders Regiment (also known as the Atholl Brigade) was mostly made up of members of Clan Murray, Clan Ferguson, Clan Stewart of Atholl, Clan Menzies, and Clan Robertson.

Also, the clan regiments are not quite as easily defined as their names suggest. Note that:

• in the Clan Cameron Regiment there were also members of Clan Macfie and Clan MacMillan;
• the Appin Regiment was not only made up of members of Clan Stewart of Appin, but also of Clan MacLaren, Clan MacColl, Clan MacInnes, Clan MacIntyre, and Clan Livingstone ;
• the Clan Chattan Regiment was mostly made up of Clan MacIntosh, Clan MacGillivray, and Clan MacBean, but also included members of Clan Mackinnon and Clan MacTavish, which were not part of the Clan Chattan Confederation;
• the Clan MacDonnell of Keppoch Regiment included, apart from Clan MacDonnell of Keppoch, also Clan MacDonald of Glencoe (also known as Clan MacIan), Clan MacGregor, and Clan MacIver;
• Lord Ogilvy's Angus Regiment consisted mainly of members of Clan Ogilvy and Clan Ramsay;
• the Duke of Perth's Regiment consisted mainly of members of Clan Drummond;
• Kilmarnock's Regiment hardly contained any who shared the Earl's surname of Boyd;
• Pitsligo's Regiment consisted mainly of members of Clan Forbes;
• and Lord Elcho's Horse consisted mainly of members of Clan Wemyss.

Clan McDuffie, or Macduffie is the true and original name of what is now known as Clan Macfie, of Irish origin from the great Dubthaigh ecclesiastical group. ... The Clan MacLea is a Highland Scottish clan, which was traditionally located in the district of Lorn in Argyll, Scotland. ... Clan MacKinnon is one of the most ancient Highland Scottish clans and a branch of the Siol Alpin. ... The Scottish Clan Donald (motto: Per Mare Per Terras which means By sea and by land ) is split into several branches including MacDonald of the Isles, MacDonald of Clan Ranald, MacDonald of Sleat, MacDonald of Keppoch, MacDonald of Ardnamurchan and McDonell of Glengarry. ...

British Government Army

• Army Commander: 'William Duke of Cumberland

• FIRST LINE: Earl of Abermarle
• Kerr's Dragoons (protected the left flank, led by Lord Mark Kerr chief of Clan Kerr).
  • Barrell's 4th (King's Own) Regiment of Foot (led by Lord Robert of Clan Kerr).
  • Munro's 37th Regiment of Foot (led by Colonel Dejean) (after 1881 became part of the Royal Hampshire Regiment regiment).
  • Campbell's, 21st Regiment of Foot, (led by 'Charles' chief of Clan Colville). (Today called the Royal Scots Fusiliers).
  • Price's 14th Regiment of Foot. (later the West Yorkshire Regiment (The Prince of Wales's Own)).
  • Cholmondley's 34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot. (after 1881 became part of The Border Regiment).
  • The Royal Scots (led by Charles Cathcart of Clan Cathcart and James Sinclair of Clan Sinclair).

• SECOND LINE: Maj.Gen John Huske
  • Semphill's, 25th Regiment of Foot (led by "Hugh" chief of Clan Sempill and Capt. Campbell), (later named the King's Own Scottish Borderers).
  • Wolfe's 8th Regiment of Foot (Lt. Col James Wolfe) (later called The King’s (Liverpool Regiment)).
  • Bligh's 20th Regiment of Foot (later called The Lancashire Fusiliers).
  • Conway's 48th Regiment of Foot (after 1881 part of The Northamptonshire Regiment).
  • Fleming's 36th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot.
  • Howard's 3rd Regiment of Foot (later called Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment))

• THIRD LINE: Brig.Gen Mordaunt
  • Blakeney's 27th Regiment of Foot (from Ireland, later named Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers).
  • Battereau's 62nd Regiment of Foot (later disbanded)
  • Pulteney's 13th Regiment of Foot (later The Somerset Light Infantry).
  • Royal Artillery (led by Captain Cunningham of Clan Cunningham)
    • 10 × 3pdr cannon
  • Clan Campbell's Militia (Col. Jack Campbell)
  • Cobham's Dragoons (renamed the 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own)
  • Kingston's Regiment of Horse (later disbanded).

Note: Of the British officers present, one, Lord Robert Kerr, the commander of Barrell's 4th Regiment of Foot, was killed. Colonel Rich who served in Barrell's lost his left hand and was badly cut on his head by a Jacobite swordsman. In addition, a small number of captains and lieutenants received wounds ranging from severe to minor. The Kerr Crest: Dexter, the sun in his splendour. ... The Kerr Crest: Dexter, the sun in his splendour. ... The Kerr Crest: Dexter, the sun in his splendour. ... The 37th (North Hampshire) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, formed in 1702 and amalgamated into The Hampshire Regiment in 1881. ... The Royal Hampshire Regiment is a former British Army line infantry regiment who trace their origins back to 1702. ... Clan Campbell is historically one of the largest and most powerful Highland Scottish clans. ... The Royal Scots Fusiliers was a Regiment of the British Army. ... Clan Colville Crest: Oblier Ne Puis (I Cannot Forget) Clan Colville is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... The Royal Scots Fusiliers was a Regiment of the British Army. ... The West Yorkshire Regiment (Prince of Waless Own) (the 14th Regiment of Foot) was an infantry regiment of the British Army. ... The West Yorkshire Regiment (Prince of Waless Own) (the 14th of Foot) amalgamated with the East Yorkshire Regiment (the 15th of Foot) in 1958 to form The Prince of Waless Own Regiment of Yorkshire. ... The 34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, formed in 1702 and amalgamated into The Border Regiment in 1881. ... The Border Regiment was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army, formed in 1881 by the amalgamation of the 34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Foot and the 55th (Westmoreland) Regiment of Foot. ... The Royal Scots were the oldest, and therefore most senior, infantry regiment of the line in the British Army, having been raised in 1633 during the reign of Charles I of Scotland. ... Lord Cathcart by Joshua Reynolds (1753-5) © Manchester Art Gallery General Charles Schaw Cathcart, 9th Lord Cathcart (21 March 1721–14 August 1776) was a British soldier and diplomat. ... Clan Cathcart Crest: I hope To Speed Clan Cathcart is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... Clan Sinclair is a Scottish family of lowland extraction with lands in the north of Scotland and the [[Orkney Islands] which they received from the Kings of Scotland. ... Chiefs Coat of Arms Clan Sempill is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... The Kings Own Scottish Borderers was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Scottish Division. ... Chiefs Coat of Arms Clan Sempill is a Lowland Scottish clan. ... Clan Campbell is historically one of the largest and most powerful Highland Scottish clans. ... The Kings Own Scottish Borderers was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Scottish Division. ... The Princess Anne of Denmarks Regiment of Foot was created in 1685, being known by the names of subsequent Colonels of the regiment until the creation of the 8th (The Kings) Regiment of Foot in 1751. ... Major General Wolfe. ... The Reforms In 1881, under Childers reforms, the continuation of Cardwells reforms, the army was further overhauled, with the regular, militia and volunteer battalions of the army being brought intor one structure, as well as being given connections with cities and counties. ... The Lancashire Fusiliers was a British infantry regiment that was amalgamated with other Fusilier regiments in 1968 to form the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers. ... The Lancashire Fusiliers was a British infantry regiment that was amalgamated with other Fusilier regiments in 1968 to form the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers. ... The 48th (Northamptonshire) Regiment of Foot was a regiment of the British Army. ... The Northamptonshire Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army from 1881 to 1960. ... The 36th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, formed in 1701 and amalgamated into The Worcestershire Regiment in 1881. ... Dating to 1572 the 3rd Regiment of Foot was one of the oldest regiments in the British Army. ... The Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment) had a history dating back to 1572 and was one of the oldest regiments in the British Army being the 3rd Regiment of Foot. ... General Sir John Mordaunt, KB (1697 – 23 October 1780) was an English soldier and Whig politician, the son of Lieutenant-General Harry Mordaunt and Margaret Spencer. ... Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Motto: Nec Aspera Terrent (By Difficulties Undaunted) In 1688 the inhabitants of Inniskillen, Ireland, organized a town millitia to defend the area aginst James II. The millitia fought the enemy with such succes that it was later incorporated into the army of William III as the Inniskilling... Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Motto: Nec Aspera Terrent (By Difficulties Undaunted) In 1688 the inhabitants of Inniskillen, Ireland, organized a town millitia to defend the area aginst James II. The millitia fought the enemy with such succes that it was later incorporated into the army of William III as the Inniskilling... The 78th Fraser Highlanders, more properly the 78th Regiment, Second Highland Battalion of Foot was a British military unit raised in Scotland in 1757, to fight in the French and Indian War. ... The 13th Regiment of Foot was a regiment of the British Army formed in 1751. ... Clan Cunningham Crest: Over Fork Over Clan Cunningham is a Scottish clan. ... Clan Campbell is historically one of the largest and most powerful Highland Scottish clans. ... The 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Waless Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1715 to 1969. ...

Note 2: The majority of the casualties sustained by the British were borne by Barrell's 4th Regiment of Foot. Of the 438 men present, 17 were killed and 108 wounded.

British casualties

• 1st: 0 killed, 4 wounded

• 3rd: 1 killed, 2 wounded

• 4th: 17 killed, 108 wounded

• 8th: 0 killed, 1 wounded

• 34th: 1 killed, 2 wounded

• 14th: 1 killed, 9 wounded

• 48th: 1 killed, 5 wounded

• 13th: 0 killed, 0 wounded

• 25th: 1 killed, 13 wounded

• 21st: 0 killed, 7 wounded

• 27th: 0 killed, 0 wounded

• 37th: 14 killed, 69 wounded

• 36th: 0 killed, 6 wounded

• 20th: 4 killed, 17 wounded

• 62nd: 0 killed, 3 wounded

• Highland Militia: 6 killed, 4 wounded

• Cobham's Dragoons: 1 killed, 0 wounded

• Kerr's Dragoons: 3 killed, 3 wounded

• Kingston's Dragoons: 0 killed, 1 wounded

References

is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

Bibliography

• Duffy, Christopher, The '45: Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Untold Story of the Jacobite Rising, Cassel, 2003, ISBN 0-304-35525-9
• Harrington, Peter (1991), Culloden 1746, The Highland Clans' Last Charge, Osprey Campaign Series #12: Osprey Publishing, ISBN 9781855321588
• Maclean, Fitzroy, Scotland, A Concise History, Thames and Hudson 1991, ISBN 0-500-27706-0.
• Prebble, John, Culloden, Atheneum 1962.
• Prebble, John, The Lion in the North, Penguin Books 1973, ISBN 0-14-003652-0.
• Reid, Stuart, Culloden Moor 1746, The death of the Jacobite cause; Osprey Campaign Series #106; Osprey Publishing 2002.
• Sadler, John,Culloden: The Last Charge of the Highland Clans, UK: NPI Media Group, 2006. ISBN 0752439553.
• Smith, Hannah, Georgian Monarchy: Politics and Culture, 1714–1760, Cambridge Studies in Early Modern British History, Cambridge University Press 2006.
• Smurthwaite, David, Ordnance Survey Complete Guide to the Battlefields of Britain, Webb & Bower Ltd., 1984.

John Sadler is a British historian specialising in the Anglo-Scottish Border conflicts during the Middle Ages. ...

Film and documentaries

• Watkins, Peter, Culloden, BBC documentary, 1964 (based on Prebble).
• Battlefield Britain episode, BBC documentary.

Culloden is a 1964 television film written and directed by Peter Watkins and originally broadcast by the BBC. It portrays the Jacobite uprising of 1745 and the Battle of Culloden. ... Battlefield Britain was a 2004 BBC television documentary series about famous battles in the history of Great Britain. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Culloden Battlefield

• Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project
• Ascanius; or, the Young Adventurer
• Bloody Culloden
• Culloden Moor and the Story of the Battle (1867 account)
• National Trust for Scotland Culloden Moor page
• Controversy over the redevelopment of the NTS visitor centre at Culloden
• Culloden Walk
• A map of the battle, dated 1746
• A personal account of the battle.
• Battle of Culloden Moor
• Ghosts of Culloden including the Great Scree and Highlander Ghost
• The "French Stone" at Culloden