The Battle of Emesa was fought in 272 between Roman and Palmyran forces. The Romans were led by Emperor Aurelian, while the Palmyrans were led by Queen Zenobia and her general Zabdas. Events Roman emperor Aurelian reconquers the kingdom of Palmyra (Egypt and large parts of Asia Minor), forcing queen Zenobia to flee to Parthia. ... Emesa was an ancient city on the Orontes River in Syria. ... The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Ancient Roman polity in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Octavian (better known as Caesar Augustus), until its radical reformation in what was later to be known as the Byzantine Empire. ... Contemporary coin of Aurelian. ... Zenobia coin reporting her title, Augusta. ... The Battle of Plaentia was fought in January of 271 between a Roman Army led by Emperor Aurelian and the Alemanni. ... The Battle of Pavia was fought in 271 near Pavia (Italy), and resulted in the Roman Emperor Aurelian destroying the retreating Alemanni army. ... The Battle of Chalons was fought in 273 between Rome and Gaul. ... Events Roman emperor Aurelian reconquers the kingdom of Palmyra (Egypt and large parts of Asia Minor), forcing queen Zenobia to flee to Parthia. ... The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Ancient Roman polity in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Octavian (better known as Caesar Augustus), until its radical reformation in what was later to be known as the Byzantine Empire. ... Palmyra was the name of an ancient city in Syria, now called Tadmor. ... Contemporary coin of Aurelian. ... Zenobia coin reporting her title, Augusta. ...

Aurelian had started a campaign to reconquer the secessionist Palmyrene Empire, led by Vaballathus and his mother Queen Zenobia. He had come in the East, willing to show his mercy to the Roman peoples of the area, and had defeated Zenobia at the battle of Immae, near Antioch. Zenobia and her general Zabdas flew to Emesa. Zenobia coin reporting her title, Augusta. ... The city of Antioch-on-the-Orontes (modern Antakya; Greek Αντιοχεια ἡ επι Δαφνη; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is located in what is now Turkey. ... Emesa was an ancient city on the Orontes River in Syria. ...

Roman and Palmyrene forces clashed in the plain in front of the city. As at Immae, the Palmyrene heavy cavalry (the clibanarii) was superior to the Roman one, but dispersed in the pursuing of the Roman cavalry, and was massacred by the Roman infantry. According to Zosimus, the Palestinian units, with their clubs, slaughtered the armoured Palmyrene horsemen. The Clibanarii (from the Latin, clibani, meaning breadoven) were a late Roman and Byzantine military unit of heavy armored horsemen. ... For the pope of this name see Pope Zosimus Zosimus, Greek historical writer, nourished at Constantinople during the second half of the 5th century A.D. According to Photius, he was a count, and held the office of advocate of the imperial treasury. ...

Zenobia retreated in Emesa, but later escaped to Palmyra, failing to recover the treasure from Emesa. While Aurelian attacked and conquered Palmyra, Zenobia flew to the Persians, but was captured when she had reached the Euphrates. Aurelian showed his mercy, and Zenobia was not executed. Palmyra was the name of an ancient city in Syria, now called Tadmor. ... Length 2,800 km Elevation of the source 4,500 m Average discharge 818 m³/s Area watershed 765,831 km² Origin  Eastern Turkey Mouth  Shatt al Arab Basin countries Turkey Syria Iraq Boat on the Shatt-al-Arab The Euphrates (the traditional Greek name for the river, which is...

References

• "Vaballathus and Zenobia", De Imperatoribus Romanis.