The Church of Ephesus was committed to his disciple, St. Timothy, a native of the city (1 Timothy 1, 3; 2 Timothy 1, 18; 4:12).
But the resistance of Ephesus was overcome at the Council of Chalcedon (451), whose famous twenty-eighth canon placed the twenty-eight ecclesiastical provinces of Pontus, Asia, and Thrace under the jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Constantinople.
Until 1990, the oldest of the remains exhibited in the Ephesus Museum were from a Mycenaean tomb that was discovered during the construction of the parking area in front of the castle.
Ephesus was named capital of the province, and thus became the most important city and trading center of Asia, and the permanent location of the Roman magistrate.
The harbour of Ephesus was the key to the city's wealth and trade, but silt carried by the River Kaistros (the Small Menderes River) began to cause problems during the reign of Emperor Hadrian, from 117 to 138 A.D. By the fourth century, the harbour could hardly be used.
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