On May 27, 1862, elements of Brig. Gen. Fitz John Porter’s V Corps extended north to protect the right flank of McClellan’s Union army that now straddled the Chickahominy River. Porter’s objective was to cut the railroad and to open the Telegraph Road for Union reinforcements under Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell that were marching south from Fredericksburg. Confederate forces, attempting to prevent this maneuver, were defeated just south of Hanover Courthouse after a stiff fight. The Union victory was moot, however, for McDowell’s reinforcements were recalled to Fredericksburg upon word of Banks’s rout at First Winchester.
The dividing line between Hanover and New Kent was based on the parish lines of St. Paul's Parish, established by the Church of England.
Secretariat, the greatest modern racehorse, was born at "Meadow Farm" on the border of Hanover and Caroline counties.
The famous actress visited her grandfather in Hanover County as a child and her return to Ashland in 1938 and tour of Randolph-Macon College drew hordes of autograph seekers on what was then an all-male campus.