The Battle of Ituzaingó (Passo do Rosário for Brazilians) was fought in vicinity of Santa Maria river, in a valley of small hills where a stream divide the valley in two. Combatants Brazil Empire Uruguay and Argentina Confederation Commanders D. Pedro I Juan Antonio Lavalleja and Bernardino Rivadavia Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties {{{casualties1}}} {{{casualties2}}} {{{notes}}} Template:Campaignbox War of Cisplatine In 1825 with Buenos Aires determination to annex the Cisplatine (as Brazil called the present day Uruguay) or East Bank (as... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1827 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Casus belli is a Latin expression from the international law theory of Jus ad bellum. ...

A combined Uruguayan-Argentinean Army of some 6,200 to 9,500 men faced in combat a Brazilian Army of same number as result of continuous two years of sundry skirmishes inside Uruguay and along the border of this country with Brazil.

Uruguay was incorporated as a Brazilian Province in 1822 when Brazil became independent from Portugal. 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

The centralized government under Brazilian emperor D. Pedro I led to many revolts inside Brazil.

Seeing a chance to break the rule of a foreign nation over their country, some Uruguayans raised the flag of rebellion against Rio de Janeiro government in 1825. Ipanema beach, in the South Zone, immortalised by Tom Jobim and Vinicius de Morais song The Girl from Ipanema Cristo Redentor, the famous Christ the Redeemer statue at the top of the Corcovado mountain A NASA satellite image of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro (meaning River of January in... 1825 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

At first the fight did not caught great attention of Brazil government, which was dealing with revolts even in Rio de Janeiro by that time. Nevertheless, as the rebellion spread fast, D. Pedro I had to gather an army the way he could to sent to Cisplatine (as Uruguay was then called). Ipanema beach, in the South Zone, immortalised by Tom Jobim and Vinicius de Morais song The Girl from Ipanema Cristo Redentor, the famous Christ the Redeemer statue at the top of the Corcovado mountain A NASA satellite image of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro (meaning River of January in...

The Army was at first led by D. Pedro I, himself. Due to political problems he had to come back to the capital without going closer to the battlefield. By December, 1826 the command was given to General Felisberto Caldeira Brant, Marquis of Barbacena. 1826 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

By this time, the appeal the Uruguayans sent to Buenos Aires brought Argentina to the conflict. Buenos Aires leadership saw a chance to bring Uruguay to the Argentinean Confederation as a province. General Carlos Maria Alvear was appointed as commander of the combined army (The Republican Army). Buenos Aires (Good Airs in Spanish, originally Ciudad de la Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Santa María de los Buenos Aires meaning City of the Holy Trinity and Port of Saint Mary of the Fair Winds) is the capital of Argentina and its largest city and port, as... Buenos Aires (Good Airs in Spanish, originally Ciudad de la Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Santa María de los Buenos Aires meaning City of the Holy Trinity and Port of Saint Mary of the Fair Winds) is the capital of Argentina and its largest city and port, as...

On January, 20, 1827 Alvear moved to the border with [[Brazil]. He attacked some small towns and villages in order to bring Barbacena onto him. He succeeded in his plan. 1827 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

By February, 18 the Republican Army reached the a stream of Santa Maria river. Alvear had previously chosen this position in order to maximize his advantage in cavalry. The Imperial Army arrived in the battlefield the following day. Refusing some objections over the exhaustion of the army, Barbacena prepared his forces for action as soon as possible the next day. Some historians say that Alvear misled Barbacena to believe that he was pursuiting only the rear of the Republican Army. That's why he was anxious to take care of this part of Republican Army and then fight Alvear's main force in another battle. There are a number of possibilities here. ...

Believing so, Barbacena took the offensive and sent his cavalry and infantry over the 1st Corps of the Republican Army under command of Uruguayan leader Juan Antonio Lavalleja. Juan Antonio Lavalleja (c. ...

The Imperial Forces crossed the stream as if to encircle Lavalleja's men. At first, the Uruguayan cavalry tried to block the passage of the 1st Imperial Army Division. Soon they were pushed back by the enemie, which was managing to take control over the artillery pieces under colonel Felix Olazabal.

Alvear counterattacked with his cavalry at this moment. While he would take care of the 2nd Division on the center of the Imperial Army, colonel Julian Laguna would attack the extreme left of the Brazilian forces (which were formed only by volunteers). Colonel Soler would lead his men onto the 1st Division. As Alvear planned, the open fields proved to be more suitable for cavalry units than for infantry.

Only the center of the Imperial Army kept its position. The infantry here formed squares to repel any attempt made by 2st Corps of the enemy cavalry to subdue them. Only when it was clear that the Republican Army could encircle the 2nd Division, it withdrew from battlefield.

The Republican Army could not pursuit the enemy. The lack of proper means made Alvear oder his men to put fire onto the battlefiels and left the scene.

The battle ended with a tatical victory since Barbacena could not move to Buenos Aires as he plannded, but with no strategic gain for both sides.

The war went on for one year more with inconclusive frays between small groups of men on each side.

Nevertheless, it seems tha only Uruguay gainde something. In 1828 a treaty was signed between Brazil and Argentina which granted Uruguay its independence.

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