Battle of Lake Khasan
Part of the Soviet-Japanese Border Wars
Russian memorial, on the bluffs overlooking the lake
Date July 29 - August 11, 1938 Location Lake Khasan, Russia Result Soviet victory Territorial changes status quo ante bellum
Combatants
Soviet Union	Empire of Japan
Commanders
Vasily Blyukher Nikolai Berzarin	Kotoku Sato
Strength
22,950	20,000+
Casualties
717 killed, 75 missing	525 killed, 913 wounded

The Battle of Lake Khasan ( July 29, 1938 – August 11, 1938) and also known as the Changkufeng Incident (Chinese & Japanese: 張鼓峰事件, Chinese pinyin: Zhānggǔfēng Shìjiàn, Japanese pronunciation: Chōkohō Jiken) in China and Japan, was an attempted military incursion of Manchukuo (Japanese) into the territory claimed by the Soviet Union. This incursion was founded in the beliefs of the Japanese side that the Soviet Union misinterpreted the demarcation of the boundary based on the Treaty of Peking between Imperial Russia and Manchu China (and subsequent supplementary agreements on demarcation), and furthermore, that the demarcation markers were tampered with. The Soviet-Japanese Border Wars was a series of border conflicts between the Soviet Union and Japan between 1938 to 1945. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1040x1572, 1144 KB) This template is deprecated by {{PermissionOTRS}}. Please do not use this template anymore. ... is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The term status quo ante bellum comes from Latin meaning literally, as things were before the war. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Anthem Kimi ga Yo Imperial Reign Slogan: Fukoku Kyohei Enrich the Country, Strengthen the Military (a. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasily Blyukher Vasily Konstantinovich Blyukher (also spelled Blücher, Blukher, Bliukher etc, Russian: Василий Константинович Блюхер) (November 19, 1889 - November 9... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Nikolai Erastovich Berzarin (Russian Николай Эрастович Берзарин) (born April 1, 1904 in St. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Soviet-Japanese Border Wars was a series of border conflicts between the Soviet Union and Japan between 1938 to 1945. ... Combatants Soviet Union Peoples Republic of Mongolia Japan Manchukuo Commanders Georgy Zhukov Michitaro Komatsubara Strength 57,000 30,000 Casualties 6,831 killed, 15,952 wounded (stated estimate) 8,440 killed, 8,766 wounded (stated estimate) The Battle of Khalkhyn Gol (Mongolian: ; Japanese: ノモンハン事件 Nomonhan jiken), named after the river... is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Flag Anthem National Anthem of Manchukuo Map of Manchukuo Capital Not specified Government Constitutional monarchy Emperor  - 1932 - 1945 Puyi Prime Minister  - 1932 - 1935 Zheng Xiaoxu  - 1935 - 1945 Zhang Jinghui History  - Established 1932  - Disestablished 1945 Manchukuo (1932–1945, , State of Manchuria) was a former country in Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia... The Convention of Peking (October 18, 1860), also known as the First Convention of Peking, was a treaty between the Qing Government of China and the British Empire, and between China and France, and China and Russia. ... Anthem God Save the Tsar! The Russian Empire in 1914 Capital Saint Petersburg Language(s) Russian Religion Russian Orthodoxy Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1721–1725 Peter the Great  - 1894–1917 Nicholas II History  - Accession of Peter I May 7, 1682 NS, April 27, 1682 OS²  - Empire proclaimed October 22, 1721 NS... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Territory of Qing China in 1892 Capital Shengjing (1636-1644) Beijing (1644-1912) Language(s) Chinese Manchu Mongolian Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1636-1643 Huang Taiji  - 1908-1912 Xuantong Emperor Prime Minister  - 1911 Yikuang  - 1911-1912 Yuan Shikai History  - Establishment of the Late...

Events

The conflict started on July 15, 1938, when the Japanese attaché in Moscow demanded the removal of Soviet border troops from the Bezymyannaya (высота Безымянная, Chinese name: Shachaofeng) and Zaozernaya (высота Заозерная, Chinese name: Changkufeng) Hills to the west of Lake Khasan in the south of Primorye, not far from Vladivostok, claiming this territory by the Russia-Korea border. The demand was rejected. is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... An attaché is a person who is assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission and often has special responsibilities or expertise. ... Position of Moscow in Europe Coordinates: , Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Government  - Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Area  - City 1,081 km²  (417. ... The Primorsky Krai (Russian: Примо́рский край), also known as Primorye (Примо́рье), is one of Russias 89 federal subjects (also referred to as members of the Federation). Krai is... Vladivostok (Russian: ) is the administrative center of Primorsky Krai, Russia, situated close to the Russo-Sino border and North Korea. ... Korea (Korean: 한국 in South Korea or ì¡°ì„  in North Korea, see below) is a geographic area, civilization, and former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. ...

The first Japanese attack on July 29 was repelled, but on July 31 the Soviet troops had to retreat. The Japanese 19th Division along with some Manchukuo units took on at least two Soviet infantry divisions. One of the Japanese Army Commanders on at the battle was Col. Kotoku Sato, the commander of the 75th Infantry Regiment. Kotoku's forces expelled Russian troops from the hill in a night sortie whose execution became a Japanese model for assaults on fortified positions. is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 211th day of the year (212th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... IJA Nineteenth Division ) was an infantry division in the Imperial Japanese Army. ... The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) (Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國陸軍, Shinjitai: , Romaji: Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun) was the official ground based armed force of Imperial Japan from 1867 to 1945. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

It was also reported that during the Changkufeng Incident the Japanese orchestrated frontal assaults with light and medium tanks which were immediately followed by Russian tank and artillery counter-attacks. In 1933, the Japanese designed and built an armored train designated "Rinji Soko Ressha" (Special Armored Train). The train was deployed at "2nd Armored Train Unit" in Manchuria and participated in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Changkufeng conflict against the Soviets transporting thousands of Japanese troops to and from the battlefield, displaying to the West the ability of an Asian nation capable of adopting and implementing Western ideas and doctrine concerning rapid infantry deployment and transportation.^{[citation needed]} This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Combatants China Japan Commanders Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren, Xue Yue, Bai Chongxi, Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai Hirohito, Hideki Tojo, Kotohito Kanin, Matsui Iwane, Hajime Sugiyama, Shunroku Hata, Toshizo Nishio, Yasuji Okamura, Umezu Yoshijiro, Fumimaro Konoe Strength 58,600,000 4,100,000...

Under the command of the chief of the Far East Front, Vasily Blyukher, additional forces were moved to the zone of conflict and after several engagements during August 2-9 the Japanese forces were pushed off the Soviet territory. The Soviet Far East Front was a front (Soviet army group) of World War II that operated in the Far East, hence its name. ... Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasily Blyukher Vasily Konstantinovich Blyukher (also spelled Blücher, Blukher, Bliukher etc, Russian: Василий Константинович Блюхер) (November 19, 1889 - November 9...

On August 10, the Japanese prime minister sent to the United States asked for peace and the hostilities ceased on August 11. is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Russian signpost outside the settlement of Khasan

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1048x1556, 1168 KB) This template is deprecated by {{PermissionOTRS}}. Please do not use this template anymore. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1048x1556, 1168 KB) This template is deprecated by {{PermissionOTRS}}. Please do not use this template anymore. ... Khasan (Хасан in Russian) is a small Russian town in the Primorye region in the Russian Far East. ...

Consequences

This incident has been mostly unnoticed in the West, since the initial aggression of Japan in Asia has traditionally not been counted into World War II. However Soviet losses were significant, and the Japanese military, while taking the lesson seriously, was willing to engage with the Soviets once more, in the more extensive battle of Halhin Gol in 1939. World map showing the location of Asia. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Battle of Halhin Gol, sometimes spelled Khalkhin Gol or Khalkin Gol and alternately known as the Nomonhan Incident (after a nearby village) in Japan, was the decisive engagement of the undeclared Soviet-Japanese Border War (1939), or Japanese-Soviet War. ...

Poor Soviet fighting was blamed on the incompetence of Vasily Blyukher. He was arrested by the NKVD and executed.

Bibliography

• Coox, Alvin D. The Anatomy of a Small War: The Soviet-Japanese Struggle for Changkufeng/Khasan, 1938. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1977 ISBN 0-8371-9479-2

External links

• Soviet viewpoint map of Russian-Japanese Changkufeng/Lake Khasan Incident
• Topographic map of the Lake Khasan area

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