Battle of Nieuwpoort
Part of the Eighty Years' War
Prince Maurice at the Battle of Nieuwpoort by Pauwels van Hillegaert. Oil on canvas.
Date: July 2, 1600 Location: Nieuwpoort, present-day Belgium Result: Dutch victory Casus belli: {{{casus}}} Territory changes: {{{territory}}}
Combatants
United Provinces	Spain
Commanders
Maurits of Nassau	Archduke Albrecht of Austria
Strength
9,500 infantry 1,400 cavalry 14 guns	6,000 infantry 1,200 cavalry 9 guns
Casualties
1,700 dead or wounded	3,000 dead or wounded 600 captured
{{{notes}}}

The Battle of Nieuwpoort, between a Dutch army under Maurits of Nassau and a Spanish army under Albrecht of Austria, took place on July 2, 1600 in the Belgian city Nieuwpoort. The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt, was the war of secession between the Netherlands and the Spanish king, that lasted from 1568 to 1648. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1098, 190 KB) Summary Maurice of Nassau at the Battle of Nieuwpoort by Pauwels van Hillegaert. ... July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ... // Events January January 1 - Scotland adopts January 1st as being New Years Day February February 17 - Giordano Bruno burned at the stake for heresy in Rome July July 2 - Battle of Nieuwpoort: Dutch forces under Maurice of Nassau defeat Spanish forces under Archduke Albert in a battle on the... Nieuwpoort is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of West Flanders. ... Casus belli is a Latin expression from the international law theory of Jus ad bellum. ... This article is about the Dutch United Provinces. ... Maurice of Nassau (in Dutch Maurits van Nassau) (14 November 1567–23 April 1625), Prince of Orange (1618–1625), son of William the Silent and Princess Anna of Saxony, was born at the castle of Dillenburg. ... Albert and his wife Isabella Archduke Albert Ernst of Austria (15 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was appointed for the Spanish monarchy as Governor of the Low Countries in 1595, and from 1598 became joint sovereign of the Seventeen Provinces with his wife, the Isabella Clara Eugenia, daughter of Philip... The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt, was the war of secession between the Netherlands and the Spanish king, that lasted from 1568 to 1648. ... The Battle of Jodoigne was fought in 1568 between Spanish and Dutch forces. ... The Battle of Heiligerlee in Friesland on 23 May 1568 was part of the Eighty Years War. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Louis of Nassau Duke of Alva Strength 10,000 infantry 2,000 cavalry 16 guns 12,000 infantry 3,000 cavalry Casualties 7,000 dead or wounded 300 dead or wounded After the Battle of Heiligerlee Louis of Nassau failed to capture the city Groningen. ... In the Eighty Years War the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands was put under a bloody siege by a Spanish army that wanted to reclaim the revolted city for Philip II, the Spanish king. ... The siege of Leiden occured during the Eighty Years War in 1573 and 1574. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Louis of Nassau † Henry of Nassau † Sancho dAvilla Strength 5,500 infantry 2,600 cavalry 5,000 infantry 800 cavalry Casualties 3,000 dead or wounded 150 dead or wounded {{{notes}}} The Battle of Mookerheyde was a battle of the Eighty Years War fought... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Unknown John of Austria Strength Casualties 10,000 dead, wounded, or captured 100 dead or wounded The Battle of Gembloux marked a terrible defeat for the Protestant rebels fighting against Spain in the Eighty Years War. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Combatants Dutch rebels, English soldiers Spain Commanders  ?  ? Strength  ?  ? Casualties  ?  ? The battle of Zutphen was a confrontation of the Eighty Years War on September 22, 1586, in Zutphen, the Netherlands. ... Battle of Turnhout, 1597. ... The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... Combatants United Provinces Spain Commanders Maurice of Nassau Ernst von Mansfeld Ambrosio Spinola Strength 14,000 Unknown Casualties 10,000 dead, wounded, or captured Unknown {{{notes}}} The Siege of Breda was a battle of the Eighty Years War and Thirty Years War. ... Maurice of Nassau (in Dutch Maurits van Nassau) (14 November 1567–23 April 1625), Prince of Orange (1618–1625), son of William the Silent and Princess Anna of Saxony, was born at the castle of Dillenburg. ... Albert and his wife Isabella Archduke Albert Ernst of Austria (15 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was appointed for the Spanish monarchy as Governor of the Low Countries in 1595, and from 1598 became joint sovereign of the Seventeen Provinces with his wife, the Isabella Clara Eugenia, daughter of Philip... July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ... // Events January January 1 - Scotland adopts January 1st as being New Years Day February February 17 - Giordano Bruno burned at the stake for heresy in Rome July July 2 - Battle of Nieuwpoort: Dutch forces under Maurice of Nassau defeat Spanish forces under Archduke Albert in a battle on the... Nieuwpoort is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of West Flanders. ...

Campaign

Against Maurits' better judgement, the Staten Generaal had ordered Maurits to take the army, march south along the coast, and burn the pirate nest of Dunkirk. Location within France For the battleship, see Dunkerque Dunkirk (French: Dunkerque; Dutch: Duinkerke; German: Dünkirchen) is a harbour city and a commune in the northernmost part of France, in the département of Nord, 10 km from the Belgian border. ...

The Spanish intercepted Maurits' army, and cut off their retreat.

Forces

North flank:

Dutch : 4 guns, 650 English musketeers.

Spanish : 6 guns, 600 cavalry, 1400 infantry.

South flank:

Dutch: 1,200 riders

Spanish: 1,000 riders

Center:

Dutch: 9,300 infantry

Spanish: 7,300 infantry

Battle

Two days before a Dutch army had run before the same Spanish tercios almost without a fight. Maurits sent his ships to prevent a flight of the soldiers into the ships, and put his army in a defensive position where the sun would shine in the eyes of the Spanish towards the end of the day, while the beach sand would blow into their eyes. Tercio was a term used by the Spanish army to describe a mixed infantry formation of about 3,000 pikemen and musketeers, sometimes referred to by other nations as a Spanish Square. ...

All afternoon the battle raged, until both sides were exhausted. Maurits held 3 vendels of cavalry in reserve, which he committed and cleared the beach. The Spanish army was defeated. Maurits' fame spread throughout Europe.

Conclusion

Although Maurice had driven a Spanish army from the field, a rare feat in the late 16th century, the battle achieved nothing. The Dutch lines of communication had already been stretched to the limit and Maurice was soon forced to withdraw as well. The Flemish, which Maurice had hoped to rally to his revolt, remained loyal to Spain. Moreover, the great port of Dunkirk, which had been the principal objective of Maurice's campaign, lay out of reach and in Spanish hands. Spanish privateers from Dunkirk would continue to prey on burgeoning Dutch trade in coming years, although the Dutch would retaliate in kind and thereafter begin to dismantle Spain's vaunted navy, ultimately supplanting Spain as the world's first naval power. (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... Flemings (Dutch: Vlamingen) are inhabitants of Flanders in the widest sense of the term, i. ... Location within France Dunkirks seafront Dunkirk (French: Dunkerque; Dutch: Duinkerken; German: Dünkirchen) is a harbour city and a commune in the northernmost part of France, in the département of Nord, 10 km from the Belgian border. ...

The strategic lesson was that it was more advantageous to besiege and capture towns than to win battles. This fact would continue to characterize operations in the Eighty Years' War.

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