Battle of Novara
Part of the Italian Wars of Independence
Battle of Novara (1849)
Date March 22-23, 1849 Location Novara Result Austrian victory
Combatants
Kingdom of Sardinia	Austrian Empire
Commanders
Wojciech Chrzanowski	Joseph Radetzky von Radetz
Strength
85,636 156 guns	72,380 156 guns

The Battle of Novara or Battle of Bicocca (Bicocca is a borough of Novara) was one of the battles fought between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia during the First Italian War of Independence, within the era of Italian unification. Lasting the whole day of March 22, 1849 and ending at dawn on March 23, it resulted in a severe defeat and retreat of the Piedmontese (Sardinian) army. The Battle of Novara was a battle of the Italian Wars fought on June 6, 1513, next to Novara, in Northen Italy. ... During the evolution of the process that would finally have brought to the Italian Unification (Risorgimento), the Italian Independence wars were three wars fought against Austria between 1848 and 1866 and ended with the conquest of the whole Italian territory. ... Image File history File links Battaglia_di_Novara. ... is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Novara is a city of Piedmont, in North-west Italy, to the west of Milan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy_(1861-1946)_crowned. ... Kingdom of Sardinia, in 1839: Mainland Piedmont with Savoy, Nice, and Sardinia in the inset. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy. ... Anthem Volkshymne (Peoples Anthem) The Austrian Empire Capital Vienna Language(s) German Hungarian Romanian Czech Slovakian Slovenian Croatian Serbian Italian Polish Ruthenian Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy History  - Established 1804  - Ausgleich 1867 The Crown of the Austrian Emperor The Austrian Empire (German: ) was a modern era successor empire founded... Wojciech Chrzanowski (1788-1861) was a Polish general who participated in Napoleons Russian campaign and in the battles of Leipzig, Paris, and Waterloo. ... Josef Graf von Radetzky Johann Josef Wenzel Graf Radetzky von Radetz (English: , Czech: ) (November 2, 1766 – January 5, 1858) was a Bohemian nobleman and Austrian general, immortalised by Johann Strauss Is Radetzky March. ... The First Italian War of Independence was fought in 1848 between the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Austrian Empire. ... The Battle of Pastrengo was fought between the Piedmontese and Austrian army on April 30, 1848, in the course of the First Italian War of Independence. ... The Battle of Goito was fought between the Piedmontese and Austrian army on May 30, 1848, in the course of the First Italian War of Independence. ... The Battle of Custoza (1848) was fought (23-25 July 1848) during the Austro-Sardinian War (also known as First Independence War within Italian unification process) between the armies of the Austrian Empire, led by Field Marshal Radetzky, and of the Kingdom of Sardinia, led by king Charles Albert of... Novara is a city of Piedmont, in North-west Italy, to the west of Milan. ... Anthem Volkshymne (Peoples Anthem) The Austrian Empire Capital Vienna Language(s) German Hungarian Romanian Czech Slovakian Slovenian Croatian Serbian Italian Polish Ruthenian Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy History  - Established 1804  - Ausgleich 1867 The Crown of the Austrian Emperor The Austrian Empire (German: ) was a modern era successor empire founded... Kingdom of Sardinia, in 1839: Mainland Piedmont with Savoy, Nice, and Sardinia in the inset. ... The First Italian War of Independence was fought in 1848 between the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Austrian Empire. ... Italian unification (called in Italian the Risorgimento, or Resurgence) was the political and social process that unified disparate states of the Italian peninsula into the single nation of Italy. ... is the 81st day of the year (82nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

An uneasy armistice made in 1848 between Austria and Sardinia lasted less than seven months, before Charles Albert, King of Sardinia, denounced the truce on March 12, 1849. The Austrian army took the military initiative in Lombardy. Under the command of Field Marshal Joseph Radetzky von Radetz, it seized the fortress town of Mortara. Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Charles Albert of Sardinia Charles Albert (October 2, 1798 – July 28, 1849) was the Duke of Savoy, Piedmont, Aosta and King of Sardinia from 1831 to 1849. ... is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... For the village of the same name in Ontario, Canada, see Lombardy, Ontario. ... Josef Graf von Radetzky Johann Josef Wenzel Graf Radetzky von Radetz (English: , Czech: ) (November 2, 1766 – January 5, 1858) was a Bohemian nobleman and Austrian general, immortalised by Johann Strauss Is Radetzky March. ... Mortara is a town in the region of Lombardy, Italy. ...

The seizure of Mortara led to a battle between Austrian and Piedmontese troops at Novara, 28 miles (45 km) west of Milan. 70,000 Austrian troops, more disciplined than the 85,000 Piedmontese, thoroughly routed their opponent as they had at the Battle of Custoza the previous year. Piedmont also suffered from a lack of support from the smaller Italian states. Novara is a city of Piedmont, in North-west Italy, to the west of Milan. ... For other uses, see Milan (disambiguation). ... The Battle of Custoza (1848) was fought (23-25 July 1848) during the Austro-Sardinian War (also known as First Independence War within Italian unification process) between the armies of the Austrian Empire, led by Field Marshal Radetzky, and of the Kingdom of Sardinia, led by king Charles Albert of...

The Piedmontese were driven back to Borgomanero at the foot of the Alps, and the Austrian forces occupied Novara, Vercelli and Trino, with the road to the Piedmontese capital, Turin, lying open to them. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Vercelli (Varséj in Piedmontese; Vercellae in Latin) is a commune and city of about 46,000 inhabitants in the Province of Vercelli, Italy. ... Country Italy Region Piedmont Province Province of Vercelli (VC) Mayor Elevation 120 m Area 70. ... For other uses, see Turin (disambiguation). ...

Austrian general Baron Julius von Haynau subdued Brescia, 54 miles NE of Milan, and Charles Albert abdicated in favor of his son Victor Emmanuel, who would later become the first king of a unified Italy. Friedrich Engels wrote that "after this defeat, a revolution and proclamation of a republic in Turin is expected arises from the fact that the attempt is being made to prevent it by the abdication of Charles Albert in favour of his eldest son."[1] A Piedmontese Republic was not created, though a Roman Republic had already been proclaimed in February, and there existed a Venetian Republic as well. Charles Albert exiled himself to Oporto, Portugal, and died shortly thereafter. The Capitoline Temple. ... King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy. ... Friedrich Engels (November 28, 1820 – August 5, 1895) was a German social scientist and philosopher, who developed communist theory alongside his better-known collaborator, Karl Marx, co-authoring The Communist Manifesto (1848). ... Military flag of the Roman Republic. ... The Republic of Venice was a city-state in Venetia in Northeastern Italy, based around the city of Venice. ... A modern view of the ancient city of Porto, the city that gave the name to the country. ...

A peace treaty was signed on August 9. Piedmont was forced to pay an indemnity of 65 million francs to Austria. is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up Indemnity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Trivia

A reenactment of the battle occurs every year.[2] Reenactors of the American Civil War Historical reenactment is an activity in which participants recreate some aspects of a historical event or period. ...

The Austrian frigate Novara, which went on a round-the-world scientific expedition between 1857 and 1859, was named after this Austrian victory.[3] 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1859 (MDCCCLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

References

• Eggenberger, David (1967). A Dictionary of Battles. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, p. 313. 
• Moro, Roberto, and Claudio Recupito, La Battaglia di Novara. (Italian)

Coordinates: 45°25′53″N, 8°42′58″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...