NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Battle of Passchendaele

Download high resolution version (500x674, 80 KB)Aerial view of the village of Passchendaele (North is to the right of the photo) before and after the Third Battle of Ypres, 1917. Crown Copyright Imperial War Museum catalogue number Q 42918A. Out of copyright. This image has been released into the...

Passchendaele village, before and after the Battle of Passchendaele

The Battle of Passchendaele, otherwise known as the Third Battle of Ypres, was one of the major battles of Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. Battle aftermath. Remains of the Chateau Wood World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, the War of the Nations, and the War to End All Wars, was a world conflict occurring from 1914 to... World War I, fought by The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a country in western Europe, and a member of the British Commonwealth and European Union. Usually known simply as the United Kingdom, UK or, inaccurately, as Great Britain or Britain, the UK has four constituent parts. Three of these parts... British, An ANZAC soldier gives water to a wounded Turk The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (popularly abbreviated as ANZAC) was originally an army corps of Australian and New Zealand troops who fought in World War I at Gallipoli, in the Middle East and on the Western Front. Within Australasia... ANZAC, and The Canadian Corps was a World War I Canadas soldiers in September of 1915 after the arrival of the 2nd Canadian Division in France. The corps was expanded by the addition of the 3rd Canadian Division in December of 1915 and the 4th Canadian Division in August of 1916... Canadian soldiers against the The Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is one of the worlds leading industrialised countries, located in the heart of Europe. Due to its central location, Germany has more neighbours than any other European country: these are Denmark in the north, Poland and the Czech Republic in the... German army near Ypres (French, generally used in English1; Ieper official name in the local Dutch/Flemish) is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres and the towns of Boezinge, Dikkebus, Elverdinge, Vlamertinge... Ypres ( Ypres (French, generally used in English1; Ieper official name in the local Dutch/Flemish) is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres and the towns of Boezinge, Dikkebus, Elverdinge, Vlamertinge... Ieper in Flemish) in West Flanders - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE55Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE60Fixes.css; /**/ Flanders From Wikipedia This article is in need of attention. Please improve it in any way you see fit. Definitions Care should be taken with the use of the term Flanders: different people... Flanders, northwestern Belgium over the control of the village of Passchendaele.

As the village is now known as Passendale, the term Passchendaele alone is now used to refer to this battle. The label "Passchendaele" should properly apply only to the battle's later actions in October–November 1917, but has come to be applied also to the entire campaign from July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining, as the final day of July. Events 1009 - Pietro Boccapecora becomes Pope Sergius IV 1423 - Hundred Years War: Battle of Cravant - The French army is defeated at Cravant on... July 31. After three months of fierce fighting, the The Canadian Corps was a World War I Canadas soldiers in September of 1915 after the arrival of the 2nd Canadian Division in France. The corps was expanded by the addition of the 3rd Canadian Division in December of 1915 and the 4th Canadian Division in August of 1916... Canadian Corps took Passchendaele on November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. From September 23, there are 88 days in a fall (autumn) season. We are considered halfway through fall (autumn) on November 6. Events 1528 - Shipwrecked Spanish conquistador Álvar N... November 6, 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). Events January-February President Woodrow Wilson of the United States announces to Congress the breaking of diplomatic relations with Germany January 2 - The Royal Bank of Canada takes over Quebec Bank. January 22 - World War I: President Woodrow... 1917, ending the battle. In the history of World War I, the term 'Passchendaele' has become a symbol and come to signify 'war in its most brutal and senseless form'.

Passendale today forms part of the community of Zonnebeke is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Beselare, Geluveld, Passendale, Zandvoorde and Zonnebeke proper. On January 1st, 2004 Zonnebeke had a total population of 11,513 (5,765 males and 5,748 females). The total area is 67.57... Zonnebeke, The Kingdom of Belgium ( Dutch: Koninkrijk België, French: Royaume de Belgique, German: Königreich Belgien) is a country in Western Europe, bordered by the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg, France, and the North Sea. Belgium is at a cultural crossroad between Germanic Europe and Romance Europe. It has Dutch speakers... Belgium.

Messines Ridge

The Messines ridge, just south of Ypres had been lost to the Germans in the first battle of Ypres, leaving Ypres as a In military terms, a salient is a battlefield feature that projects into enemy territory. Therefore, the salient is surrounded by the enemy on three sides, making the troops occupying the salient vulnerable. The enemys line facing a salient is referred to as a re-entrant (an angle pointing inwards... salient, sticking out into the German position and overlooked by higher ground on the German side. Field Marshal Sir Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig (June 19, 1861 - January 28, 1928) was a British soldier and senior commander during World War I. He had independent wealth: his family manufactured Haig & Haig whisky. Field Marshal Lord Haig Born in Edinburgh, Haig attended Clifton College and studied at Brasenose... Douglas Haig, the allied commander, decided to use the salient as a launch point for an offensive into Flanders - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE55Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE60Fixes.css; /**/ Flanders From Wikipedia This article is in need of attention. Please improve it in any way you see fit. Definitions Care should be taken with the use of the term Flanders: different people... Flanders, designed to break through the front and capture the German USS Los Angeles A submarine is a specialized watercraft that can operate underwater. Nuclear powered submarines and other large submarines are classed as ships, but are customarily referred to by their crews as boats. Most major navies of the world employ submarines. Submarines are also used for marine and freshwater... submarine bases on the Belgian coast. A successful action would not only put the submarines out of action, but shorten the allied lines and potentially trap a number of German troops behind the new lines.

Engineers from both sides had been tunnelling under the Messines ridge since 1915 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). Events January 12 - The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the U.S. Congress. January 12 - United States House of Representatives rejects proposal to give women the right to vote. January 13 – An... 1915, until, by the spring of 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). Events January-February President Woodrow Wilson of the United States announces to Congress the breaking of diplomatic relations with Germany January 2 - The Royal Bank of Canada takes over Quebec Bank. January 22 - World War I: President Woodrow... 1917, 21 huge A landmine is a type of mine which is placed onto or into the ground and explodes when triggered by a vehicle or person. Landmines are used to secure disputed borders and to restrict enemy movement in times of war. Because of this, and also because not all types are... mines had been laid under it totalling 450 tonnes of the high explosive Ammonal is an explosive mixture of ammonium nitrate, aluminium dust and stearic acid. Its misused since it uses ammonium nitrate as oxidizer and aluminium as fuel, but ammonium nitrate is a high explosive itself (though its hard to detonate). It also has the problem of ammonium nitrate being... Ammonal. At zero hour at 03:10 on June 7 is the 158th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (159th in leap years), with 207 days remaining. Events 1000-1899 1099 - Beginning of Siege of Jerusalem (1099) 1494 - Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries. 1654... 7 June 1917, after 4 days of artillery bombardment, the most intense bombardment of the entire war, 19 of the allied mines were detonated killing 10,000 German troops in half a minute. Of the two remaining caches, one exploded during a thunderstorm on July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 167 days remaining. Events 100-1899 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa, executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world. 1762... 17 July 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday. Events January-April January 2 - Panama president Jose Antonio Remon is assassinated. January 19 - The Scrabble board game debuts. February 8 - Nikolai Bulganin ousts Georgi Malenkov February 13 - Israel obtains 4 of the 7 Dead Sea scrolls. February 23 - First meeting of... 1955, fortunately only killing one cow; the location of the 21st cache is believed to have been found in recent years, but no attempt has been made to remove it. The detonation of the mines was the loudest man-made noise ever made to that date, audible as far away as Dublins Hapenny Bridge. Beyond it, the dome of the 18th century Custom House and Liberty Hall, the citys tallest building. Dublin (Baile Átha Cliath in Irish) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Ireland, located near the midpoint of Irelands east coast... Dublin. Nine allied infantry This article is about the arithmetic operation. For other uses, see Division (disambiguation). In mathematics, especially in elementary arithmetic, division is an arithmetic operation which is the reverse operation of multiplication, and sometimes it can be interpreted as repeated subtraction. Specifically, if a × b = c, where b is not... divisions attacked and were supported by 72 The US M1A1 Abrams tank is a typical modern main battle tank. The turret is low-profile, well-integrated into the overall shape of the vehicle. A tank is a tracked and armoured combat vehicle (armoured fighting vehicle), designed primarily to destroy enemy ground forces by direct fire. A modern... tanks. They managed to achieve the initial objectives due to the huge mines and the fact that the German reserves were too far back to intervene.

Field Marshal Sir Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig (June 19, 1861 - January 28, 1928) was a British soldier and senior commander during World War I. He had independent wealth: his family manufactured Haig & Haig whisky. Field Marshal Lord Haig Born in Edinburgh, Haig attended Clifton College and studied at Brasenose... Douglas Haig, ordered General Herbert Plumer, the allied commander, to continue the battle immediately, but was persuaded to delay further attacks until preparations could be made.

Download high resolution version (800x769, 100 KB)Soldiers of an Australian 4th Division field artillery brigade on a duckboard track passing through Chateau Wood, near Hooge in the Ypres salient, October 29, 1917. The photograph was taken by James Francis Hurley. The leading soldier is Gunner James Fulton and the...

Chateau Wood, Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele gives a good impression of conditions at that time

July 1917

As a second stage of the action, General Sir Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough (August 12, 1870–1963) was a British World War I general who commanded the British Fifth Army from 1916 to 1918. Gough was a cavalry officer who, as a favourite of the British Commander-in-Chief, General Sir Douglas Haig, experienced a meteoric... Hubert Gough was put in charge of the attacks to secure the Gheluvelt Plateau which overlooked Ypres. Huge numbers of guns were moved into the area and started a four-day bombardment, but as always, this simply served to warn the Germans of a coming offensive, allowing them to move in more troops.

In July is the seventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. July begins (astrologically) with the sun in the sign of Cancer and ends in the sign of Leo. Astronomically speaking, the sun begins in the constellation... July the Germans used Chemical Structure of Mustard Gas Compound Mustard gas (HD) is a chemical compound that was first used as a chemical weapon in World War I. In pure form, it is a colourless, odourless, viscous liquid at room temperature and causes blistering of the skin. The name comes from impure mustard... mustard gas for the first time. It attacked sensitive parts of the body, caused sneezing, followed by eyelids swelling, then inflammation of the eyes, blindness for about 10 days and great pain.

One problem in carrying the offensive forward was the Yser canal, but this was taken on July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining. Events 1200-1899 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. 1663 - The British Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all... July 27 when the Allies found the German trenches empty. (Front lines were often vacated at night to reduce the casualties caused by nighttime shelling.)

On July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining, as the final day of July. Events 1009 - Pietro Boccapecora becomes Pope Sergius IV 1423 - Hundred Years War: Battle of Cravant - The French army is defeated at Cravant on... July 31 Haig's offensive opened with a major action at Pilkem ridge, with allied gains of up to 2000 yards (1.8 km). The Allies suffered about 32,000 casualties, killed, wounded or missing in this one action.

Ground conditions during the whole Ypres-Passchendaele action were atrocious. Continuous shelling destroyed drainage canals in the area, and unseasonable heavy rain turned the whole area into a sea of mud and filled crater holes. In order to walk up to the front, duckboards were laid across the crater holes. Troops walking up to the front often carried up to 100 pounds (45 kg) of equipment: if they slipped off the path they could slide into a crater and drown before they could be rescued. Bodies buried after previous actions were often uncovered by the rain or later shelling.

September 1917

During September and October, after awful weather in August and many failures in attack due to poor planning and preparation, a policy of "bite and hold" was adopted by the allies, intending to make small gains which could be held against counterattack. Sir Hubert Plumer had now replaced Gough in command of the offensive.

1,295 guns were concentrated in the area of the attack, approximately 1 gun per 5 yards (5 m) of attack front. On September 20 is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years). There are 102 days remaining. Events 1596 - Diego de Montemayor founded the city of Monterrey, Mexico. 1854 - Battle of Alma - British and French troops defeat Russians in the Crimea 1860 - The Prince of Wales (later King Edward... September 20 at the battle of Menin Road, after a massive bombardment, the Allies attacked and managed to hold their objective of about 1,500 yards (1,400 m) gained, despite heavy counter attacks, suffering 21,000 casualties. The Germans by this time had a semi-permanent front line, with very deep dugouts and concrete pillboxes, supported by artillery that could be accurately pointed at the attacking troops.

Further advances at Polygon Wood and Broodseinde on the south-western end of the salient accounted for another 2,000 yards (1,800 m) and 30,000 casualties. The British line was now overlooked by the Passchendaele ridge and it became an important objective. An advance on October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in Leap years). There are 83 days remaining. Events 1000 - Leif Ericson discovers Vinland, becoming the first known European to set foot in North America. 1238 - James I of Aragon conquered Valencia and founded the Kingdom of Valencia. 1446 - The... October 9 at Poelcapelle was a dismal failure for the Allies, with minor advances by exhausted troops forced back by counter attacks.

First Battle of Passchendaele

The First Battle of Passchendaele, on October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). There are 80 days remaining. Events 1400-1899 1492 - Christopher Columbuss expedition makes landfall in the Caribbean. The explorer believes he has reached East Asia. 1609 - Three Blind Mice published by London... October 12 1917 focused on a further attempt to gain ground around Poelcapelle. Again, the weather was awful, artillery could not be brought closer to the front due to the mud, the Germans were well-prepared and the Allied troops were tired and morale was suffering. The result was 13,000 casualties with minimal gain.

By this point 100,000 men had been lost, for limited gains and no strategic advances.

Second Battle of Passchendaele

At this point two divisions of the The Canadian Corps was a World War I Canadas soldiers in September of 1915 after the arrival of the 2nd Canadian Division in France. The corps was expanded by the addition of the 3rd Canadian Division in December of 1915 and the 4th Canadian Division in August of 1916... Canadian Corps were moved into the line to replace the now-decimated ANZAC forces. After their successes at The Battle of Vimy Ridge was one of the opening battles in a larger British campaign known as the Battle of Arras. It is also considered a seminal event in Canadian history for the primary role that nations forces played in the attack. Vimy, located in northern France, was... Vimy Ridge and the Battle of Hill 70, the Canadians were considered to be the allies' elite force and were often sent into the most horrific conditions.

Upon his arrival, the CiC General Sir Arthur William Currie (December 5, 1875 - November 30, Canadian commander of the Canadian Corps on the Western Front during World War I and one of the most successful Allied generals of the war and in Canadian history. Under his capable leadership the Canadian Forces won a long series... General Currie stated he believed the objective could be taken, but only at the cost of 16,000 casualties. Haig, by this time inured to such high numbers after years of allied losses in the hundreds of thousands, ordered the offensive to continue; the Canadians moved into the line during mid-October.

On October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. Events 700-1899 740 - An earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death. 1640 - The Treaty of Ripon is signed, restoring peace between Scotland and Charles I of England... October 26 1917, the Second Battle of Passchendaele began with 20,000 men of the 3rd and 4th Canadian divisions advancing up the hills of the salient. A further 12,000 allied casualties occurred during the day for a gain of a few hundred yards (metres).

Reinforced with the addition of two British divisions, a second offensive on October 30 is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 62 days remaining. Events 1400-1899 1470 - Henry VI of England returns to the throne after Earl of Warwick defeats Yorkists in battle. 1831 - In Southampton County, Virginia, escaped slave Nat Turner... October 30 resulted in the capture of the town in blinding rain. For the next five days the force held the town in the face of repeated German shelling and counterattacks, and by the time a second group of reinforcements arrived on November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. From September 23, there are 88 days in a fall (autumn) season. We are considered halfway through fall (autumn) on November 6. Events 1528 - Shipwrecked Spanish conquistador Álvar N... November 6, 4/5ths of two Canadian divisions had been lost - casualties Currie had predicted, almost to the man.

Their replacements were the Canadian 1st and 2nd divisions. German troops still ringed the area, so a limited attack on the 6th by the remaining troops of the 3rd division on a machine gun post allowed the 1st division to make major advances and gain strong points throughout the area. A follow-up by the 2nd division on November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Ladislaus III of Poland (or Ulaszlo I of Hungary) are crushed by the Turks under Sultan Murad II and... November 10 completed the battle, by pushing the Germans off the slopes to the east of the town. The high ground was now firmly in allied control.

Aftermath

Haig, remembering the failure to follow through at previous battles, determined to continue the attack, believing that the Germans were ready to break. The attacks achieved at least part of their aims of mutual attrition, reducing the German strength and morale in preparation for attacks elsewhere.

In August and September, 140,000 allies had been killed or wounded, with a further 110,000 in October. The total allied casualties were 600,000; the Germans suffered 280,000 casualties.

Haig's view was too optimistic though, and the Germans counter-attacked in a major offensive aimed at Paris on March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). There are 285 days remaining. Events 1556 - In Oxford, Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer is burned at the stake. 1788 - A fire destroys 856 buildings in New Orleans and leaves most of the... March 21, 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). Events January-February January 8 - President Woodrow Wilson announces his Fourteen Points for the aftermath of World War I. January 24 - a decree of the Council of Peoples Commissars, introducing the Gregorian calendar in Russia since February... 1918. A subsequent German offensive in the north on April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). There are 266 days remaining. Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans). 1241 - Battle of Liegnitz: Mongol forces defeats the Polish and German armies... April 9– April 29 is the 119th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (120th in leap years). There are 246 days remaining. April 29th 1992 (Miami) is also the title of a song by Sublime on their self-titled album. Events 1429 - Hundred Years War: Joan of Arc relieves Orl... April 29 (the Battle of the Lys, or the Fourth Battle of Ypres) regained almost all of the ground, an advance of up to six miles (10 km) taken by the allies in the Third Battle of Ypres/Passchendaele.

These battles, and those British and Commonwealth soldiers who gave their lives, are commemorated at the The Menin Gate Memorial at the eastern exit of the town of Ieper (usually known in English as Ypres) in Flanders, Belgium, marks the starting point for one of the main roads out of the town that led Allied soldiers to the front line during World War I. Designed by... Menin Gate Memorial in Ypres, the Tyne Cot Memorial to the Missing, and at the Tyne Cot Cemetery, the largest The Commonwealth War Graves Commission is a joint governmental organisation responsible for marking and maintaining the graves of members of the Commonwealth military forces who died in the two world wars and subsequent wars, to build memorials to those with no known grave, and to keep records of the war... Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery in the world with nearly 12,000 graves.

Passchendaele is frequently mentioned as an example of the horrific number of soldiers killed, maimed or lost in action that occurred in numerous battles of Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. Battle aftermath. Remains of the Chateau Wood World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, the War of the Nations, and the War to End All Wars, was a world conflict occurring from 1914 to... World War I, and the name itself has come to be used as a synonym for pointless slaughter. The The Federal Republic of Germany ( German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is one of the worlds leading industrialised countries, located in the heart of Europe. Due to its central location, Germany has more neighbours than any other European country: these are Denmark in the north, Poland and the Czech Republic in the... Germans lost approximately 250,000 men, while the The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. The British Empire was the worlds first global power; by 1921, it held sway over a population of 400–500 million people — roughly a quarter of the worlds population... British Empire forces lost about 300,000, including 36,500 Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is the sixth-largest country in the world, the only one to occupy an entire continent, and the largest in the region of Australasia/ Oceania. It also includes a number of secondary islands, the largest of which is the State of Tasmania. Australia is... Australians; 90,000 British and Australian bodies were never identified, and 42,000 were never recovered. An aerial photograph of Passchendaele taken after the battle showed over half a million shell holes in one half square mile (1.3 km²) area.

Quotations

Music

Edward Elgar Sir Edward William Elgar, Bt OM GCVO (June 2, 1857 – February 23, 1934) was a British composer, born in the small Worcestershire village of Broadheath to William Elgar, a piano tuner and music dealer, and his wife Ann. Biography Surrounded by sheet music and instruments in his... Edward Elgar's Edward Elgars Cello Concerto is a dark and heartbreaking work by this most English of composers, reckoned to be the most popular of all concertos for the cello. The premiere of the Cello Concerto was on 27 October 1919 with the London Symphony Orchestra at the Queens Hall... Cello concerto was written in 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). Events January January 1 - Iolaire sinking disaster January 1 - Edsel Ford succeeds his father as head of the Ford Motor Company January 5 - Spartacist uprising - Socialist demonstrations in Berlin turn into attempted communist revolution January 9 - Spartacus revolutionary... 1919 at his home in Sussex as a traditional county. Sussex is a traditional county in southern England, divided for administrative purposes into the two counties of West Sussex and East Sussex and the city of Brighton and Hove. It corresponds roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex, bounded on the north by... Sussex from where he had earlier heard the artillery of the war in Flanders, possibly from the Battle of Passchendaele.

Heavy metal is a form of rock music characterized by aggressive, driving rhythms and highly amplified distorted guitars, generally with grandiose lyrics and virtuosic instrumentation. Heavy metal is a a development of blues, blues rock and rock. Its origins lie in the hard rock bands who between 1967 and 1974... Heavy metal band For information about the heavy metal band, see Iron Maiden (band) Categories: Stub | Torture ... Iron Maiden wrote the song Paschendale for their See also: 2002 in music, 2003 in music (UK), other events of 2003, 2004 in music, list of years in music, 2000s in music Events Early January - Drowning Pool disbanded January - following an investigation by The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry and London detectives, police raids in England and... 2003 album Dance of Death is Iron Maidens 13th studio album, released September 8, 2003. Track listing Wildest Dreams (Smith/Harris) - 3:52 Rainmaker (Murray/Dickinson/Harris) - 3:48 No More Lies (Harris) - 7:21 Montsegur (Gers/Dickinson/Harris) - 5:50 Dance of Death (Gers/Harris) - 8:36 Gates of Tomorrow... Dance of Death. The song vividly describes a soldier's vision of the battle.

British rock-pop band The Men They Couldn't Hang included "The Crest" on its album Waiting for Bonaparte. The lyrics (http://www.ilyric.net/Lyrics/m/Men-They-Couldn't-Hang/The-Crest.html) describe a military family in which the grandfather survived Passchendaele but went insane, and ends with advice by the father to the son to discard the old medals, "sacrifice tradition and save your family."

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