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Encyclopedia > Battle of Petra
Battle of Petra
Part of the Greek War of Independence
Date July 26 - 28 1822 (O.S.)
Location Petra, Boeotia, Greece
Result Greek victory
Combatants
Greek revolutionaries Ottoman Empire
Commanders
Demetrios Ypsilantis Aslan Bey
Strength
2000 irregular but battle hardened troops 7000 infantry
Casualties
Light Several hundred

The Battle of Petra - not to be confused with the Battle of Peta - was the last battle fought in the Greek War of Independence. Combatants Greek revolutionaries United Kingdom France Russian Empire Ottoman Empire Egyptian Khedivate Commanders Theodoros Kolokotronis, Alexander Ypsilanti Omer Vryonis, Dramalis, Ibrahim Pasha. ... July 26 is the 207th day (208th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 158 days remaining. ... July 28 is the 209th day (210th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 156 days remaining. ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Old Style can refer to: Old Style and New Style dates, a shift from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar: in Britain in 1752, in Russia in 1918. ... The current version of this article or section is written in an informal style and with a personally invested tone. ... Boeotia or Beotia (//, (Greek Βοιωτια; see also list of traditional Greek place names) was the central area of ancient Greece. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece_(1821). ... “Hellas” redirects here. ... Image File history File links Ottoman_Flag. ... Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–65) Edirne (1365–1453) Constantinople (Ä°stanbul, 1453–1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 Osman I  - 1918–22 Mehmed VI... Image File history File links Flag_of_Greece_(1821). ... Demetrius Ypsilanti, sometimes spelled Ypsilantis, (1793 - January 3, 1832), second son of Prince Constantine, distinguished himself as a Russian officer in the campaign of 1814, and in the spring of 1821 went to the Morea, where the war of Greek independence had just broken out. ... Image File history File links Ottoman_Flag. ... The term War of Independence is generally used to describe a war occurring over a territory that has declared independence. ...


Background

By the Summer of 1829, the Peloponnese, parts of Central Greece and several islands had been liberated by the Greek revolutionary forces. A peace treaty between the High Porte and the revolutionaries was imminent but it became apparent that the soon-to-be-created Greek state would be limited to whatever lands had been liberated during the war. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Peloponnese or Peloponnesus (Greek: Πελοπόννησος Peloponnesos; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a large peninsula in southern Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Gulf of Corinth. ... Central Greece (Greek: Στερεά Ελλάδα - Stereá Elláda) is one of the thirteen peripheries of Greece. ...


In August, Aslan Bey and Osman Aga set off from Athens with a force of 7,000 men to fight the Russians in Thrace. The Greek Army under Dimitrios Ypsilantis - a tactical, organised force by now - awaited them at Petra, a town at a narrow passage in Boeotia between Livadeia and Thebes. On September 12, 1829 the two armies engaged in battle. The Greeks after a hail of gunfire, charged with swords drawn and managed to drive the Albanians they faced into a disorderly retreat. The rest of the Turkish Army, now in danger of being surrounded, also retreated. Athens (Greek: Αθήνα - Athína) is the largest city and capital of Greece, located in the Attica periphery of central Greece. ... Thraciae veteris typvs. ... Monument of Demetrius Ypsilanti in Athens Demetrius Ypsilanti, sometimes spelled Ypsilantis, (1793 - January 3, 1832), second son of Prince Constantine, distinguished himself as a Russian officer in the campaign of 1814 and, in the spring of 1821, went to the Morea, where the war of Greek independence had just broken... The current version of this article or section is written in an informal style and with a personally invested tone. ... Boeotia or Beotia (//, (Greek Βοιωτια; see also list of traditional Greek place names) was the central area of ancient Greece. ... Livadeia (Greek: Λιβαδειά - Livadeiá or Λεβάδεια - Levádeia) is a city in central Greece. ... Two important places in antiquity were called Thebes: Thebes, Greece – Thebes of the Seven Gates; one-time capital of Boeotia. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...


The Greeks suffered very light casualties - 3 dead and 12 wounded - while the Ottomans lost 100 men.


Aftermath

In order to follow his orders to march into Thrace, Osman Aga signed a truce the following day with the Greeks: The Turks would surrender all lands from Livadeia to the Spercheios River in exchange for safe passage out of Central Greece. Thraciae veteris typvs. ... Livadeia (Greek: Λιβαδειά - Livadeiá or Λεβάδεια - Levádeia) is a city in central Greece. ... The Spercheios (Greek: Σπερχειός, Latin: Spercheus) is a river in Thessaly, Greece. ... Central Greece (Greek: Στερεά Ελλάδα - Stereá Elláda) is one of the thirteen peripheries of Greece. ...


This battle was significant as it was the first time the Greeks had fought victoriously as a regular army. It also marked the first time that Turks and Greeks had negotiated on the field of battle.


The battle of Petra was the last of the Greek War of Independence. Ironically, Dimitrios Ypsilantis ended the war started by his brother, Alexandros Ypsilantis, when he crossed the Prut River eight and a half years earlier. Combatants Greek revolutionaries United Kingdom France Russian Empire Ottoman Empire Egyptian Khedivate Commanders Theodoros Kolokotronis, Alexander Ypsilanti Omer Vryonis, Dramalis, Ibrahim Pasha. ... Monument of Demetrius Ypsilanti in Athens Demetrius Ypsilanti, sometimes spelled Ypsilantis, (1793 - January 3, 1832), second son of Prince Constantine, distinguished himself as a Russian officer in the campaign of 1814 and, in the spring of 1821, went to the Morea, where the war of Greek independence had just broken... Alexandros Ypsilantis (1792 - 1828) was a Greek revolutionary. ...



 

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